Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for carrying a toner image; an image forming unit for forming a toner image on the image bearing member; a transfer material carrying member, for carrying a transfer material, wherein the toner image is transferred onto a transfer material carried on the transfer material carrying member or onto the transfer material carrying member; a density detecting unit for detecting a density of the toner image transferred to the transfer material carrying member; wherein a transfer intensity is smaller when the toner image for density detection is transferred onto the transfer material carrying member than when the toner image is transferred onto the transfer material carried on the transfer material carrying member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for carrying a toner image; an image forming unit for forming a toner test image on the image bearing member; a transfer material carrying member, for carrying a transfer material, wherein the test toner image is transferred onto a transfer material carried on the transfer material carrying member or onto the transfer material carrying member; and a density detecting unit for detecting a density of the toner test image transferred to the transfer material carrying member. A transfer intensity is smaller when the toner test image for density detection is transferred onto the transfer material carrying member than when the toner test image is transferred onto the transfer material tarried an the transfer material carrying member. The transfer intensity also changes depending on whether the transferred toner test image is the first color toner test image or the second toner test image, and depending on an ambient condition sensor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for electrostatically bearing a toner image; a dielectric member movable along an endless path through a transfer position of the image bearing member; an electroconductive member in contact with the dielectric member at a side remote from the image bearing member, wherein the electroconductive member is supplied with a voltage having a polarity opposite from that of a charge polarity of the toner image to transfer the toner image from the image bearing member onto the dielectric member at the transfer position; wherein the electroconductive member is electrically grounded to generate an electric field for transferring the toner from the dielectric member to the image bearing member at the transfer position.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member, disposed opposed to an image bearing member, for carrying a developer; a developing bias voltage applying source for applying a developing bias voltage having an oscillating component to the developer carrying member to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member; wherein10.0.ltoreq.T11/(T11+T12).times.100.ltoreq.90.0,where T11 is a time period of a first step in which an electric field is formed in a direction for directing the developer from the developer carrying member toward the image bearing member in one cycle of the oscillating component of the developing bias voltage applied by the developing bias application source, and T12 is a time period of a third step between the first step and a second step in which an electric field is formed in a direction for directing the developer from the image bearing member to the developer carrying member, and T11/(T11+T12) is an inclination of the developing bias voltage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member; a charger for charging the photosensitive member to form an electrostatic latent image on the photosensitive member; an exposure device for exposing the photosensitive member to image light; a developing device for developing the latent image with toner; a transfer member contactable to the photosensitive member at a transfer position, the transfer member comprising an electrically conductive base, a high resistance surface layer, and a low resistance or intermediate resistance conductive layer between the conductive base and the surface layer; and transfer voltage applying device for applying a transfer voltage to the transfer member; wherein Ws>Wt>Wp>W1 is satisfied, where Ws is a width of a photosensitive layer measured in a direction perpendicular to a movement direction of the photosensitive member, W1 is an image exposure width of the exposure device, Wp is a width of a transfer material usable with the image form

Abstract: An image recording apparatus includes an image bearing member; a recording material carrying member for carrying a recording material to a transfer position for transfer of an image; a moving device for imparting relative movement between the image bearing member and the recording material carrying member; and a recess in the recording material carrying member for permitting the image bearing member and the recording material carrying member to face each other without contact therebetween. The recording material feeding speed is switched from a first speed different from the fixing speed to a second speed substantially the same so that when it imparts the approaching relative movement, the peripheral speeds of the recording material carrying member and image bearing member are substantially equal immediately before they contact.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus usable with a process cartridge for forming an image on a recording material. The process cartridge includes an image bearing member, and at least one developing device for developing a latent image formed on the image bearing member with a developer. Each of said at least one developing devices includes a developer accommodating device for accommodating a respective developer to be used in said at least one developing device.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a detachably mountable process cartridge, the process cartridge including an image bearing member and a color developing device actable on the image bearing member, the color developing device containing plural developing units having yellow developer, respectively; detachably mountable developing device actable on the image bearing member in the process cartridge, the detachably mountable developing device containing black developer and being detachably mountable independently of the process cartridge; and a device for forming a latent image on the image bearing member; a transfer device for transferring a developed image from the image bearing member to a recording material.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for supplying a developer to an image bearing member, wherein the developer is a one component developer, and has a flowability index of 5-30%. A developing bias voltage application device applies a developing bias to the developer carrying member, wherein the developing bias application device applies an oscillating bias voltage, including a first peak voltage, for an application period T1, for forming an electric field for urging the developer from the developer carrying member to the image bearing member, and a second peak voltage, for an application period T2, for forming an electric field for urging the developer from the image bearing member to the developer carrying member, wherein T1:T2 satisfies 1:2-1:10.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for forming an image on a transfer material includes: an image bearing member; a device for forming an image on the image bearing member; a developing device for developing the image into a developed image; a transfer material carrying device; an image transfer device; and a cleaner. The developing device is detachably mounted to the image forming apparatus. The cleaner cleans the transfer material carrying device when the developing device is mounted to the main assembly.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developer carrying member for carrying a developer, a magnet disposed in the developer carrying member, and an elastic regulating member contacting the developer carrying member to regulate a thickness of a layer of the developer formed on the developer carrying member. The developer carrying member has a roughened surface over a width thereof larger than a width of the portion of the elastic regulating member contacting the developer carrying member while the magnet forms a magnetic field in a marginal region of the roughened surface of the developer carrying member not contacting the elastic regulating member to remove magnetic developer.

Abstract: A developing apparatus using one component developer includes a developing sleeve for carrying the developer to a developing zone. The developing sleeve has an outer coating layer made of resin material in which electrically conductive fine particles are dispersed.