Abstract: Disclosed is a method for supplying hydroxyl radical-containing water, which is highly convenient and with which water containing a relatively high concentration of hydroxyl radicals can be supplied to the point of use. The method for supplying hydroxyl radical-containing water comprises a production step of producing hydroxyl radical-containing water by dissolving ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and at least one additive substance selected from a group consisting of a water-soluble organic compound, an inorganic acid, a salt of an inorganic acid, and hydrazine in pure water, a transferring step of transferring the produced hydroxyl radical-containing water to the point of use, and a supplying step of supplying the hydroxyl radical-containing water to the point of use after transferring.

Abstract: A method of washing an object to be processed, using water containing at least either one selected from a hydrogen radical and a carbon radical, and a novel method capable of exerting sufficient washing effect without using chemicals, by a washing apparatus (1, 21, 41) having a processing bath (2, 22) for washing an object to be processed, and a means for supplying the processing bath (2, 22) with water containing at least either one selected from a hydrogen radical and a carbon radical, and an apparatus for the novel method are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for supplying hydroxyl radical-containing water, which is highly convenient and with which water containing a relatively high concentration of hydroxyl radicals can be supplied to the point of use. The method for supplying hydroxyl radical-containing water comprises a production step of producing hydroxyl radical-containing water by dissolving ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and at least one additive substance selected from a group consisting of a water-soluble organic compound, an inorganic acid, a salt of an inorganic acid, and hydrazine in pure water, a transferring step of transferring the produced hydroxyl radical-containing water to the point of use, and a supplying step of supplying the hydroxyl radical-containing water to the point of use after transferring.

Abstract: A method of washing an object to be processed, using water containing at least either one selected from a hydrogen radical and a carbon radical, and a novel method capable of exerting sufficient washing effect without using chemicals, by a washing apparatus having a processing bath for washing an object to be processed, and a means for supplying the processing bath with water containing at least either one selected from a hydrogen radical and a carbon radical, and an apparatus for the novel method are provided.

Abstract: A photometer comprises a projecting mechanism irradiating a physical mass with infrared light within a wavelength region of 1.1 to 2.0 &mgr;m, a photoreceiving mechanism receiving output light from the physical mass and a spectroscope separating the light applied to the physical mass or the output light from the physical mass into its spectral components, for measuring absorbance by the physical mass at a specific wavelength. A compression mechanism can compress a measured region of the physical mass or a peripheral portion thereof, and difference absorbance calculator obtains difference absorbance from first absorbance obtained by the photometer under a state compressed by the compression mechanism with a first pressure and second absorbance obtained by the photometer under a state compressed with a second pressure lower than the first pressure or a non-compressed state.

Abstract: A second optical component is an optical fiber bundle charged in a clearance between an inner cylinder and an outer cylindrical outer peripheral part in the form of a ring. These elements are integrated with each other, and forward-end-surfaces thereof are on concentric circles. A ring of the forward-end-surface of the outer peripheral part is larger in width than the ring of the forward-end-surface of the second optical component. A first optical component charged with an optical fiber bundle is slidably inserted into and engaged in the cylinder inside the second optical component, so that the forward-end-surface of the first optical component can project or retract from the forward-end-surface of the outer peripheral part.

Abstract: In an optical measuring apparatus of the present invention, a spectroscopic optical system emits a measuring light beam that contains a measure light component of a measure wavelength domain where a measured object absorbs part of the light and a reference light component of a reference wavelength domain where the measured object almost completely absorbs the light, and separates the beam into beams, a photometric unit measures the light incident on an integrating sphere when a reference sample is inserted in the light path and stores the measurements in a memory and also measures the light incident on an integrating sphere when a measured object is inserted in the light path, and an arithmetic circuit calculates a light intensity ratio of the compensation light component for the measured object to the compensation light component stored in memory and then estimates background intensities during the measurement by multiplying the measurements stored in the memory by the intensity ratio.

Abstract: A method of quantitative analysis of a specific component of an object to be measured comprises steps of measuring an energy spectrum of light transmitted through or reflected from the object, dividing the energy spectrum into a plurality of wavelength domains, thereby obtaining a plurality of partial energy spectra, normalizing the plurality of partial energy spectra within each wavelength domain using an energy measured at a predetermined wavelength contained in each wavelength domain, and performing the quantative analysis by multivariate analysis using the plurality of partial energy spectra having been normalized.