Abstract: A holding container which is made of a polyether ether ketone resin and is suitable for use in holding one or more substrates upon fabrication of the corresponding number of thin-film semiconductor substrates useful in driving a planar display, for example, a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: A holding container which is made of a polyether ether ketone resin and is suitable for use in holding one or more substrates upon fabrication of the corresponding number of thin-film semiconductor substrates useful in driving a planar display, for example, a liquid crystal display.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curable resin composition comprising (a) at least one maleimide compound selected from the group consisting of N-(alkenylphenyl)maleimide derivatives, and dimers and polymers thereof and (b) one or more kinds of epoxy resins, each having at least one epoxy group in the unit molecule thereof. The resin composition may contain, besides the above two components, an amino compound as a further component (c). The resin composition may comprise a prepolymer of any two components among the three components (a), (b) and (c) and the remaining component. The resin compositions are useful as molding materials, for the fabrication of laminates, and as varnishes, including insulation varnishes and impregnating varnishes.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel alkenylphenylmaleimide derivatives having the general formula ##STR1## where R is an alkenyl radical of from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, R' is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is a whole number of from 1 to 4, and linear dimers thereof as well as a process for the preparation of such maleimide compounds.

Abstract: A novel process for producing anthraquinone in good yields is provided which comprises reacting phthalic anhydride with benzene in a single step in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst comprising titanium oxide and/or tin oxide.

Abstract: Aromatic polyesters are obtained by copolycondensing isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof with bis(hydroxyphenyl) sulfone and 2,2-bis(4'-hydroxyphenyl)propane.These aromatic polyesters have excellent molding workability. From these polyesters, colorless, transparent moldings can be obtained by compression, extrusion or injection molding methods. The products thus obtained have excellent mechanical and electrical properties and improved heat resistance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a curable resin composition comprising (a) at least one maleimide compound selected from the group consisting of N-(alkenylphenyl)maleimide derivatives, and dimers and polymers thereof and (b) one or more kinds of epoxy resins, each having at least one epoxy group in the unit molecule thereof. The resin composition may contain, besides the above two components, an amino compound as a further component (c). The resin composition may comprise a prepolymer of any two components among the three components (a), (b) and (c) and the remaining component. The resin compositions are useful as molding materials, for the fabrication of laminates, and as varnishes, including insulation varnishes and impregnating varnishes.

Abstract: Maleimide compounds represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## where R and R' are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n and n' are a whole number of from 1 to 4; and a process for the preparation of the maleimide compounds, in which a maleamic acid represented by the general formula (II) ##STR2## where R and R' are a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or an alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n and n' are a whole number of from 1 to 4, is contacted with a dehydrating agent in an organic solvent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of polyamide compounds by reacting at least one polycarboxylic acid with at least one diisocyanate in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one mono-alkali metal salt of dicarboxylic acid. The polyamide compounds prepared by this process have a substantially linear configuration and a high degree of polymerization and, therefore, are suitable for the manufacture of fibers, films and molded articles.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the selective ortho-alkylation of a phenolic compound having at least one ortho-positioned hydrogen atom by catalytically reacting the phenolic compound with an alcohol in the vapor phase. In this process, the reaction of the phenolic compound with the alcohol is carried out at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 550.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst containing manganese oxide, silicon oxide and one or more additives selected from group (A) consisting of germanium oxide, tin oxide and lead oxide, or a catalyst containing manganese oxide, silicon oxide, one or more additives selected from the aforesaid group (A), and one or more additives selected from group (B) consisting of alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the selective ortho-alkylation of a phenolic compound having at least one ortho-positioned hydrogen atom by catalytically reacting the phenolic compound with an alcohol in the vapor phase. In this process, the reaction of the phenolic compound with the alcohol is carried out at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 550.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst containing manganese oxide and one or more additives selected from group (A) consisting of germanium oxide, tin oxide and lead oxide, or a catalyst containing manganese oxide, one or more additives selected from the aforesaid group (A), and one or more additives selected from group (B) consisting of alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth metal oxides. The catalyst used in this invention exhibits not only excellent catalytic activity in the selective ortho-alkylation of phenols, continuous stability of the activity, good shapeability and good mechanical strength but also effective utilization of alcohols.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel alkenylphenylmaleimide derivatives having the general formula ##STR1## where R is an alkenyl radical of from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, R' is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical of from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is a whole number of from 1 to 4, and linear dimers thereof as well as a process for the preparation of such maleimide compounds.

Abstract: A process for producing selectively o-alkylated phenols wherein an anisole having at least one ortho positioned hydrogen atom is contacted with a mixed oxide catalyst in the vapor phase.

Abstract: A process for the production of alkyl phenols having at least one o-alkyl radical comprising catalytically reacting a phenolic compound having at least one o-positioned hydrogen atom with an alcohol in the vapor phase in the presence of a manganese oxide containing catalyst modified with a compound of at least one of the alkali metals.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermosetting resin composition comprising (a) a bismaleimide and/or a polymaleimide and (b) at least one member selected from alkenylaniline derivatives, linear dimers thereof, and polymers thereof. In addition to components (a) and (b), this resin composition can contain (c) a polymerizable unsaturated substance.

Abstract: N-(hydroxyphenyl) maleimides of the general formula ##STR1## where R' stands for H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, F, Cl, Br or I and n is an integer of 1-5 are produced by treating the corresponding maleamic acid or by treating the ester of said N-(hydroxyphenyl) maleimide at a temperature of 0.degree.-150.degree. C. in the presence of at least one dehydrating agent selected for the group consisting of oxides and oxyacids of sulfur or phosphorus and alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of the said oxyacids. The corresponding maleamic acid can be obtained by reacting an aminophenol having one or more hydroxyl groups on its phenyl nucleus with maleic anhydride. The esters of the N-(hydroxyphenyl maleimide) can be obtained by reacting said aminophenol and said maleic anhydride in the presence of a conventional acid anhydride dehydrating agent and a conventional imide-forming cyclization catalyst.

Abstract: N-(hydroxyphenyl) maleimides of the general formula ##STR1## where R' stands for H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, F, Cl, Br or I and n is an integer of 1-5 are produced by treating the corresponding maleamic acid or by treating the ester of said N-(hydroxyphenyl) maleimide at a temperature of 0-150.degree. C. in the presence of at least one dehydrating agent selected from the group consisting of oxides and oxyacids of sulfur or phosphorus and alkali metal and alkaline earth metal salts of the said oxyacids. The corresponding maleamic acid can be obtained by reacting an aminophenol having one or more hydroxyl groups on its phenyl nucleus with maleic anhydride. The esters of the N-(hydroxyphenyl maleimide) can be obtained by reacting said aminophenol and said maleic anhydride in the presence of a conventional acid anhydride dehydrating agent and a conventional imide-forming cyclization catalyst.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the selective ortho-alkylation of a phenolic compound having at least one ortho-positioned a hydrogen atom by catalytically reacting the phenolic compound with an alcohol in the vapor phase. In this process, the reaction of the phenolic compound with the alcohol is carried out at a temperature of from 300.degree. to 550.degree. C. in the presence of a mixed oxide catalyst of manganese, silicon, and one or more additives selected from the group consisting of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide, and barium oxide. The catalyst used in this invention exhibits not only excellent catalytic activity in the selective ortho-alkylation of phenols but also continuous stability of the activity, good shapability, and good mechanical strength.

Abstract: The selective alkylation of a phenolic compound having a hydrogen atom in at least one of the ortho positions is achieved by reacting the phenolic compound with an alcohol in the vapor phase in the presence of a catalyst containing mixed oxides of chromium and tin. The catalyst can additionally contain iron oxide, sulfate radical, or a combination thereof.