Abstract: A stepless-speed-changer engine brake controller for a vehicle having detection means for detecting as an offset an angle displacement from the maximum opening to an actual opening in an accelerator opening variation region where the throttle opening in made zero, detection means for detecting a vehicle speed, and control means for inputting the offset and the vehicle speed from the respective detection means and for controlling the speed ratio of said stepless-speed-changer in such a manner that an engine brake torque varies according to an increase or a decrease of the offset and the vehicle speed.

Abstract: A radiation imaging apparatus provided with a detector array comprising a plurality of detector units, each of which, in turn, comprises a plurality of X-ray detecting elements each having a photosensitive surface of a different area from those of the other elements and corresponds to one picture element or pixel of a display, the output signal from one or more of the X-ray detecting elements of each of the detector units being used as image information for a corresponding one of the pixels of the display. While the X-ray dose remains at a low level, the detection output from the detecting element having a large photosensitive surface or the sum of the output from that element and the outputs from the other elements having smaller photosensitive surfaces is used as pixel information to form an image of the object being examined. When the radiation dose increases to a predetermined high level, the result of detection by only the element having a small photosensitive surface is used as pixel information.

Abstract: A photon counting type radiation image detecting apparatus, improved so as to reduce the number of lead wires from many pixel-forming arrayed radiation detectors to an image display device. This is accomplished by coding the output signal from the detectors with respect to their locations. Level determining circuits are used to determine the detection and level of photon energy.

Abstract: In a radiation image detecting apparatus having its image receiving means constituted of a two-dimensional array of composite radiation detecting units each of which includes a radiation sensor and a signal processing circuit, the composite radiation detecting units are provided with circuit cooling means for suppressing heat generation at the above signal processing circuits. The circuit cooling means consists only of piping in thermal contact with the composite radiation detecting units, or consists both of the the piping or the duct-and-coolant intakes combination and of porous-walled gas piping stretched through the clearances left between two adjacent composite radiation detecting units constituting the two-dimensional or the one-dimensional composite radiation detecting unit array. The piping and the duct-and-coolant intakes combination are supplied with a liquid coolant, while the porous-walled gas piping supplied with a gaseous coolant.

Abstract: In a radiation detecting apparatus having its radiation receiving section composed of two-dimensional or one-dimentional array of radiation sensors, the whole electronic circuit is classified into a temperature-sensitive circuit portion and a temperature-insensitive circuit portion for keeping at least the temperature-sensitive circuit portion at a substantially constant temperature also during the period in which the apparatus is kept standing for detecting a radiation image. For the purpose, at least the above temperature-sensitive circuit portion is kept energized even when a radiation image is not detected; kept warmed by a heating element energized only when a radiation image is not detected, made to get in touch with a heat sink intermittently; or blown at least intermittently by a blower or blowers.

Abstract: Thermal detectors comprising at least one pair of membrane electrodes formed on a base material (such a pyroelectric, semiconductive and insulating materials), wherein at least one member of said pair of electrodes is covered with a black membrane of precious metal formed by the electrolytic process, are highly sensitive because of the excellent heat absorption efficiency, with little change in sensitivity over a wide wavelength range.

Abstract: An X-ray image detecting apparatus devised so as to project an X-ray image of an object on a image receiving plane made of two-dimensionally arrayed picture elements with the object irradiated by many thin scanning X-ray beams. The beams, which penetrate the object, scan coincidentally a limited number of the picture elements of which they take a charge respectively, causing the time of scanning the whole area of the image receiving plane to be short. The image signals successively outputted from the picture elements are stored in a memory with only their respective maximum values selected. Thus, the image signals are made free from being adversely affected by the stray X-rays scattered from the inside of the object, and provide a high-contrast X-ray image.

Abstract: A radiation image detecting apparatus having its radiation image receiving plane divided into picture elements made up of a plurality of two-dimensionally arrayed unit radiation detectors and having its picture element image signal processing electronic circuits thereon in a plurality of IC packages.

Abstract: An X-ray image detecting apparatus having its X-ray receiving plane composed of a two-dimensional array of X-ray sensors and being devised so as to make the picturing of a detected X-ray image free from the brightness irregularity due to the sensitivity variations of the individual X-ray sensors. Each of the X-ray sensors is accompanied by a circuit means for converting the optical output of the X-ray sensor to an electric picture element signal inversely proportional to the sensitivity of the X-ray sensor, thereby enabling a detected X-ray image to be pictured without the brightness irregularity.