Abstract: An optical filter, includes: a near infrared ray absorbing glass, dielectric multilayer films laid on or above both major surfaces of the near infrared ray absorbing glass, and an absorption layer laid on or above a surface of at least one of the dielectric multilayer films and having a maximum absorption wavelength in a near infrared light region, in which the optical filter satisfies all of spectral characteristics (i-1) to (i-5).

Abstract: A light guide element includes a light guide substrate that is a single-layer light guide substrate; and a diffraction layer formed on the light guide substrate. The diffraction layer includes a first diffraction grating configured to in-couple light into the light guide substrate; and a second diffraction grating configured to outcouple totally internally reflected light having propagated in the light guide substrate out of the light guide substrate. The first diffraction grating in-couples the incident light in a range of 60 degrees or more including a direction normal to substrate, for at least one of first wavelength of 450 nm±20 nm, second wavelength of 530 nm±20 nm, and third wavelength of 630 nm±20 nm. The second diffraction grating outcouples the totally internally reflected light in a range of 60 degrees or more including the direction normal to substrate, for at least one of the first, second, and third wavelengths.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference ?n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range ?out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60° or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference ?n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range ?out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60° or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an optical filter including a resin base material including an infrared-absorbing pigment layer, and a pair of inorganic dielectric layers which are respectively disposed on or above both main surfaces of the resin base material as outermost layers, in which at least one of the pair of inorganic dielectric layers satisfies at least one of a condition in which a film thickness is 4 ?m or greater, and a condition in which the number of layers is 30 or greater, and a ratio of a total film thickness of the pair of inorganic dielectric layers to a film thickness of the resin base material is greater than 8%.

Abstract: An optical filter includes: a transparent substrate; and an absorption layer on the transparent substrate, the absorption layer containing at least one dye (X) having a maximum absorption wavelength in 600 to 1000 nm. A laminate of the transparent substrate and the absorption layer satisfies all of the following characteristics (i-2) to (i-4): (i-2) a maximum internal transmittance in 700 to 850 nm is 35% or lower; (i-3) a difference between the maximum internal transmittance and a minimum internal transmittance in 700 to 850 nm is 20% or smaller; and (i-4) OD(A) and OD(B) satisfy the following relationship: OD(A)/OD(B)<0.07 where OD(A) is an average optical density of an internal transmittance in 500 to 600 nm and OD(B) is an average optical density of an internal transmittance in 700 to 850 nm.

Abstract: An optical filter includes: a resin substrate including a resin (P) which has a glass transition temperature of 200° C. or higher and which has specific transmittance properties; an external resin layer; and dielectric multilayer films. In a case where the external resin layer includes the polyimide resin, the optical filter includes an intermediate resin layer including a cycloolefin resin. At least one of the dielectric multilayer films is a near-infrared reflection layer. At least one of the external resin layer and the intermediate resin layer contains a near-infrared absorbing dye (A). The near-infrared absorbing dye (A) has a maximum absorption wavelength within a wavelength range of 800 nm to 1,200 nm. The proportion of a total thickness of members including a resin having a glass transition temperature of 200° C. or higher to a total thickness of the resin-including members is 85% or higher.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a diffraction unit; and a lens unit disposed on a light incident side of the diffraction unit. The lens unit includes: a substrate; and a protrusion and recess portion disposed on a side opposite to a light incident side of the substrate. The protrusion and recess portion includes: a periodic structure of a relief-protrusion portion disposed in a central part, a periodic structure of a stepwise grating disposed in a central part simulating the relief-protrusion portion, or a combination thereof; and a grating disposed in a portion other than the central part. The number of steps of the stepwise grating disposed in the central part is larger than the number of steps of the grating disposed in the portion other than the central part.

Abstract: An optical filter includes: a resin substrate having a thickness of 20 ?m or more and 110 ?m or less; an absorption layer having a thickness of 0.25 ?m or more and 12 ?m or less and being disposed on at least one principal surface of the resin substrate; and dielectric multilayer films disposed as an outermost layer on both principal surfaces of the resin substrate. At least one of the dielectric multilayer films is a near-infrared reflection layer. The resin substrate includes a first transparent resin having a glass transition temperature of 170° C. or more and having specific optical properties. The absorption layer includes a near-infrared absorbing dye (A) and a second transparent resin having a glass transition temperature of 170° C. or more, and the near-infrared absorbing dye (A) satisfies specific optical properties in relation to the second transparent resin.

Abstract: A diffractive optical element includes: a substrate; a protrusion and recess portion that is formed on one surface of the substrate and imposes predetermined diffraction on incident light; and an antireflection layer provided between the substrate and the protrusion and recess portion. An effective refractive index difference ?n in a wavelength range of the incident light between a first medium constituting a protrusion of the protrusion and recess portion and a second medium constituting a recess of the protrusion and recess portion is 0.70 or more. An exit angle range ?out of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion when the incident light enters the substrate from a normal direction of the substrate is 60° or more. Total efficiency of diffraction light exiting from the protrusion and recess portion in the exit angle range is 65% or more.

Abstract: An optical element in which transmittance of light monotonically decreases from a center portion toward a peripheral portion, includes a light absorbing portion, made of a material that absorbs a part of or all of visible light, formed at one surface of a transparent substrate such that its thickness monotonically increases from the center portion toward the peripheral portion; a light transmitting portion, made of a material that transmits visible light, formed on the light absorbing portion; and a transparent resin layer, made of a material that transmits visible light, formed at another surface of the transparent substrate, wherein each of the light absorbing portion, the light transmitting portion and the transparent resin layer is made of a resin material.

Abstract: An optical element in which transmittance of light monotonically decreases from a center portion toward a peripheral portion, includes a light absorbing portion, made of a material that absorbs a part of or all of visible light, formed at one surface of a transparent substrate such that its thickness monotonically increases from the center portion toward the peripheral portion; a light transmitting portion, made of a material that transmits visible light, formed on the light absorbing portion; and a transparent resin layer, made of a material that transmits visible light, formed at another surface of the transparent substrate, wherein each of the light absorbing portion, the light transmitting portion and the transparent resin layer is made of a resin material.