Abstract: An apparatus in one example comprises a first manager component that performs one or more first management operations on a software and/or hardware entity and a second manager component that performs one or more second management operations on the software and/or hardware entity.

Abstract: The invention provides a dual battery electrical switchable system 2 for a vehicle having an engine. The vehicle comprises a plurality of first loads 8 and a plurality of second loads 10. The vehicle is switchable between an ON state in which the engine is running, an OFF state in which the engine is not running and a START state, in which at least one of the first loads 8 requires power. The system 2 comprises a first battery 4 arranged to provide power to the first loads 8 and a second battery 6 arranged to provide power to the second loads 10. A switch 18 is provided between the first battery 4 and the second battery 6 and control means 20 is arranged to open the switch 18 only when the vehicle is in the OFF state. A connection system 12 is also provided having a plurality of output terminals 16 for connection to the plurality of primary and secondary loads 8, 10, and two input terminals 14 for connection to the first and second batteries 4, 6 respectively.

Abstract: An apparatus in one example comprises a manager component for a distributed software application that based on one or more of a characteristic of an executable of the distributed software application and/or a characteristic of one or more of a plurality of processors, selects a processor from the plurality of processors to run the executable upon startup of the distributed software application.

Abstract: A manager component of an apparatus in one example initializes a plurality of software components of a distributed software application, within one or more executables, in an ordered sequence based on one or more dependency relationships among the plurality of software components.

Abstract: An apparatus in one example comprises a manager component in communication with a distributed software application. The distributed software application comprises a plurality of software components that run within one or more executables. The manager component shuts down the plurality of software components in an ordered sequence based on one or more dependency relationships among the plurality of software components.

Abstract: A distributed software application comprises a plurality of software components within a plurality of executables. A manager component for the distributed software application handles: an addition of one or more first resources to the distributed software application on behalf of the distributed software application and/or a removal of one or more second resources from the distributed software application on behalf of the distributed software application.

Abstract: An apparatus in one example comprises a substitute manager component that upon failure of a first manager component, obtains management responsibility for a distributed software application from the first manager component and queries one or more software components of the distributed software application for state information of the one or more software components. The substitute manager component employs the state information to determine whether one or more recovery actions are needed for the distributed software application to recover from the failure of the first manager component.

Abstract: A distributed software application comprises a plurality of software components within a plurality of executables. A manager component for the distributed software application performs a recovery of two or more software components, of the plurality of software components, in an ordered sequence based on one or more dependency relationships among the plurality of software components.