Abstract: Provided are a method of authenticating a voice input provided from a user and a method of detecting a voice input having a strong attack tendency. The voice input authentication method includes: receiving the voice input; obtaining, from the voice input, signal characteristic data representing signal characteristics of the voice input; and authenticating the voice input by applying the obtained signal characteristic data to a first learning model configured to determine an attribute of the voice input, wherein the first learning model is trained to determine the attribute of the voice input based on a voice uttered by a person and a voice output by an apparatus.

Abstract: In some examples, an authentication node of a telecommunications network can receive an authentication request from a terminal, and an authentication-control message. The authentication node can skip an authentication operation with respect to the authentication request in response to the authentication-control message. In some examples, a relay node of the telecommunications network can detect an overload or service-interruption condition and determine, in response, the authentication-control message. The relay node can send the authentication-control message to the authentication node. In some examples, an authentication node can detect that its load level satisfies a predetermined criterion and, in response, skip an authentication operation and send a first message. Another authentication node can receive an indication of the first message and, in response, perform a second authentication operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for network-controlled scam/robocall handling are described. When an incoming call for a user device is received, a user may elect to add the originating number of the incoming call to a block list or a report list at the network level. Future calls from the originating number, if placed on the block list, are then blocked by the network from being received by the user device. Numbers on the report list may be moved by the user from the report list to the block list, and numbers on the block list may be moved from the block list to the report list. Also, the user may request additional information in order to determine whether to add the originating number to the block list or the report list.

Abstract: A quantum hybridization negative differential resistance device having negative differential resistance (NDR) under a low voltage condition using a nanowire based on an organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite, and a circuit thereof are provided. The quantum hybridization negative differential resistance device includes a channel formed of an organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite crystal and electrodes formed of its inorganic framework and is connected to opposite ends of the channel.

Abstract: Provided are a method of authenticating a voice input provided from a user and a method of detecting a voice input having a strong attack tendency. The voice input authentication method includes: receiving the voice input; obtaining, from the voice input, signal characteristic data representing signal characteristics of the voice input; and authenticating the voice input by applying the obtained signal characteristic data to a first learning model configured to determine an attribute of the voice input, wherein the first learning model is trained to determine the attribute of the voice input based on a voice uttered by a person and a voice output by an apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing an organic polymer aerogel and corresponding aerogels and articles of manufacture comprising such aerogels. The method can include polymerizing an organic polymerizable material in the presence of an organic solvent having a high vapor pressure and/or a low boiling point to obtain an organic polymer gel comprising an organic polymer matrix and the organic solvent, and subcritical or ambient drying the organic polymer gel under conditions suitable to remove the step (a) organic solvent and form an organic polymer aerogel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are amphiphilic surfactants which comprise a polymer chain having a hydrophobic unit and hydrophilic unit wherein the polymer is tethered to an inorganic nanoparticle. Further disclosed are methods for preparing the disclosed amphiphilic surfactants.

Abstract: In some examples, an authentication node of a telecommunications network can receive an authentication request from a terminal, and an authentication-control message. The authentication node can skip an authentication operation with respect to the authentication request in response to the authentication-control message. In some examples, a relay node of the telecommunications network can detect an overload or service-interruption condition and determine, in response, the authentication-control message. The relay node can send the authentication-control message to the authentication node. In some examples, an authentication node can detect that its load level satisfies a predetermined criterion and, in response, skip an authentication operation and send a first message. Another authentication node can receive an indication of the first message and, in response, perform a second authentication operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods provided herein are directed to a mechanism for determining current or currently known location of a user equipment (UE). Upon receiving a request regarding location information of the UE, a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) may send a SIP OPTIONS to an interrogating call session control function (I-CSCF). In response to receiving the SIP OPTIONS, the I-CSCF may perform a location information request (LIR) and a location information answer (LIA) with the HSS to locate a serving call session control function (S-CSCF) where the UE is registered. The S-CSCF may route the SIP OPTIONS to an application server (AS) to request the registered location information of the UE, and in response, the AS may send a 200 OK, as an acknowledgment, to the S-CSCF, that includes location information of the UE provided during registration of the UE.

Abstract: Systems and methods for network-controlled scam/robocall handling are described. When an incoming call for a user device is received, a user may elect to add the originating number of the incoming call to a block list or a report list at the network level. Future calls from the originating number, if placed on the block list, are then blocked by the network from being received by the user device. Numbers on the report list may be moved by the user from the report list to the block list, and numbers on the block list may be moved from the block list to the report list. Also, the user may request additional information in order to determine whether to add the originating number to the block list or the report list.

Abstract: A quantum hybridization negative differential resistance device having negative differential resistance (NDR) under a low voltage condition using a nanowire based on an organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite, and a circuit thereof are provided. The quantum hybridization negative differential resistance device includes a channel formed of an organic-inorganic hybrid halide perovskite crystal and electrodes formed of its inorganic framework and is connected to opposite ends of the channel.

Abstract: A USSD (Unstructured Supplementary Service Data) message may be transmitted by a communication device to an IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) within a SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) INVITE message, where it is received by a TAS (Telephony Application Server). The TAS sends the USSD message to an HSS (Home Subscriber Service) of the IMS using an existing Diameter Sh interface between the TAS and the HSS. The HSS then communicates with a USSD gateway to obtain a USSD response, which is sent back to the TAS over the Diameter Sh interface. The TAS sends the USSD response to the communication device within a SIP BYE message.

Abstract: When an application server receives an invite message associated with a call from an originating user equipment (UE) to a terminating UE, the application server can determine if one of the originating UE or the terminating UE is associated with a scammer. If the originating UE is associated with a scammer, the application server can remove the scammer's caller identification (ID) information from the invite message, such that a user of the terminating UE cannot use that caller ID information to make a return call to the scammer. If the terminating UE is associated with a scammer, the application server can remove caller ID information associated with the originating UE from the invite message to hide the calling party's information from the scammer, and/or invoke playback of a scam announcement to the originating UE to warn the calling party that they are calling a scammer.

Abstract: When an application server receives an invite message associated with a call from an originating user equipment (UE) to a terminating UE, the application server can determine if one of the originating UE or the terminating UE is associated with a scammer. If the originating UE is associated with a scammer, the application server can remove the scammer's caller identification (ID) information from the invite message, such that a user of the terminating UE cannot use that caller ID information to make a return call to the scammer. If the terminating UE is associated with a scammer, the application server can remove caller ID information associated with the originating UE from the invite message to hide the calling party's information from the scammer, and/or invoke playback of a scam announcement to the originating UE to warn the calling party that they are calling a scammer.

Abstract: Systems and methods provided herein are directed to a mechanism for determining current or currently known location of a user equipment (UE). Upon receiving a request regarding location information of the UE, a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) may send a SIP OPTIONS to an interrogating call session control function (I-CSCF). In response to receiving the SIP OPTIONS, the I-CSCF may perform a location information request (LIR) and a location information answer (LIA) with the HSS to locate a serving call session control function (S-CSCF) where the UE is registered. The S-CSCF may route the SIP OPTIONS to an application server (AS) to request the registered location information of the UE, and in response, the AS may send a 200 OK, as an acknowledgment, to the S-CSCF, that includes location information of the UE provided during registration of the UE.

Abstract: Systems and methods provided herein are directed to a mechanism for determining current or currently known location of a user equipment (UE). Upon receiving a request regarding location information of the UE, a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) may send a SIP OPTIONS to an interrogating call session control function (I-CSCF). In response to receiving the SIP OPTIONS, the I-CSCF may perform a location information request (LIR) and a location information answer (LIA) with the HSS to locate a serving call session control function (S-CSCF) where the UE is registered. The S-CSCF may route the SIP OPTIONS to an application server (AS) to request the registered location information of the UE, and in response, the AS may send a 200 OK, as an acknowledgment, to the S-CSCF, that includes location information of the UE provided during registration of the UE.

Abstract: Systems and methods provided herein are directed to a mechanism for determining current or currently known location of a user equipment (UE). Upon receiving a request regarding location information of the UE, a gateway mobile location center (GMLC) may send a SIP OPTIONS to an interrogating call session control function (I-CSCF). In response to receiving the SIP OPTIONS, the I-CSCF may perform a location information request (LIR) and a location information answer (LIA) with the HSS to locate a serving call session control function (S-CSCF) where the UE is registered. The S-CSCF may route the SIP OPTIONS to an application server (AS) to request the registered location information of the UE, and in response, the AS may send a 200 OK, as an acknowledgment, to the S-CSCF, that includes location information of the UE provided during registration of the UE.

Abstract: Systems and methods for network-controlled personal number handling are described. When an incoming call destined for a user device is detected, if the user device is subscribed to network-controlled personal number handling, the incoming call is handled at the network according to the subscription. If an originating number associated with the call has been previously specified by the user, the call may be blocked, forwarded to another number, or sent directly to voice mail. How a call is handled may be determined based on user-specified preferences associated with an originating number of the incoming call.

Abstract: Systems and methods for network-controlled scam/robocall handling are described. When an incoming call destined for a user device is detected, if the user device is subscribed to network-controlled scam/robocall handling, the incoming call is handled at the network according to the subscription. If user preferences are specified, the call may be blocked, forwarded to another number, sent directly to voice mail, or delivered to the device. How a call is handled may be determined based on a category associated with an originating number of the incoming call.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are amphiphilic surfactants which comprise a polymer chain having a hydrophobic unit and hydrophilic unit wherein the polymer is tethered to an inorganic nanoparticle. Further disclosed are methods for preparing the disclosed amphiphilic surfactants.