Abstract: A battery cell voltage equalization circuit 1 equalizes the voltages of battery cells B1 and B2 that are connected in series. A switch S1 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell B1 via a first path, is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell B1 via a second path, and electrically connects or disconnects the first and second paths. A switch S2 is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery cell B2 via the second path, is electrically connected to the negative electrode of the battery cell B2 via a third path, and electrically connects or disconnects the second and third paths. An inductor L is provided in the second path. Fuses h1 through h3 are provided in the first through third paths, respectively. The switches S1 and S2 are controlled to an ON state alternately.

Abstract: The heat transfer timing control system controls temperature of a battery using a heat source and includes, two temperature measuring devices, a heat calculation device, a power supply device, a temperature distribution determination device and a heat transfer timing control device. The temperature measuring devices measure temperatures at different position of the battery. The heat calculation device calculates amount of heat that needs to be transferred to the battery. The power supply device supplies to the heat source power corresponding to the amount of heat. The temperature distribution determination device determines whether or not internal temperature distribution of the battery is uniformed. The control device operates the power supply device to transfer heat from the heat source to the battery and then re-operates the power supply device based on the determination of the temperature distribution determination device to control time to transfer heat from the heat source to the battery.

Abstract: A SOC acquisition unit acquires a SOC of a battery. Then, it estimates a capacity profile from the acquired SOC, and transmits the estimated capacity profile to an estimation unit. The estimation unit calculates a current profile for realizing the capacity profile estimated by the SOC acquisition unit. An update unit replaces the existing stored current profile with the current profile calculated by the estimation unit. A storage unit stores a current profile calculated by the estimation unit and updated by the update unit. A charging unit reads the current profile stored in the storage unit, and performs a charging operation based on the current profile.