Abstract: To set a scale for three dimensional data composed from point cloud data: a plurality of reference objects (22) of sizes and shapes known in advance are disposed around an object (20) under measurement; image data or position data obtained by imaging the object (20) under measurement together with the plurality of reference objects (22) from various angles is input to a computer (30); the known sizes and shapes of the reference objects (22) are input to the computer (30); and the computer (30) acquires point cloud data for the object (20) under measurement and each reference object (22) from a plurality of pieces of the image data or a plurality of pieces of the position data, determines, as reference objects, objects in the point cloud data having sizes and shapes within prescribed error ranges with respect to the sizes and shapes input for the reference objects (22), and sets the overall scale of the point cloud data by extending/contracting and/or twisting the point cloud data such that each of the determi

Abstract: An encoder which encodes a voice in accordance with LD-CELP (Low-Delay Code Excited Linear Prediction) of the ITU-T Recommendation G.728. When a vibration wave is encoded by vector quantization, the code is secretly combined with other data. The encoder stores dividing key data kidx by which 128 types of representative vector data (waveform codes) yj; j=0, 1, . . . , 127 are labeled with 0 or 1 in order from the uppermost bit. If the bit is “0”, the vectors are quantized by using only the waveform codes yj corresponding to the bit “0” of the dividing key data kidx as the selection objects. If the bit is “1”, the vectors are quantized by using only the waveform codes yj corresponding to the bit “1” of the dividing key data kidx as the selection objects. Thus, the outputted voice code is combined with another datum bit.

Abstract: In the process of embedding watermark information in one-dimensional source data, first spread one-dimensional data x(t) is generated by subjecting one-dimensional source data s(t) to spectrum-spreading operation using a PN sequence g(t). This first spread one-dimensional data x(t) then undergoes a modified discrete cosine transformation. A specific frequency component value of the MDCT coefficients is modulated to provide association with the watermark information. The modulated frequency component then undergoes inverse transformation to generate second spread one-dimensional data x′(t). Then, using the same PN sequence in the spreading, the second spread one-dimensional data is subjected to spectrum-despreading to produce digitally watermarked one-dimensional data in which watermark data has been embedded.