Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel injection system for a combustion engine. The system comprises a source of fuel, an injector and a means for delivering pressurized fuel strokes to said injector, said injector being arranged for generating at least two fuel jets with different jet parameters at closely adjacent locations and having directions such that the jets interact with each other along a surface interface therebetween so as to generate a fine spray. The jet breakup time is shortened and the droplet size is substantially reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new method and a new apparatus to accurately measure flow rates in injection systems such as gasoline, direct injection gasoline and diesel downstream of the injector where the fuel (liquid in general) is discharged from a nozzle (e.g. an injector). More specifically, it measures the flow velocities and volumetric flow rates in highly transient flows discharged cyclically with injection duration within a few hundred microseconds. Moreover, it is able to resolve multiple injection shots produced within an engine cycle with high volumetric (0.01 mm3) and temporal (10 ?s) sensitivities. The main uses of this instrument in automotive industry are manufactures of FIE, injection test machines and injection diagnostic systems. In other industries the uses maybe represented by measuring and controlling of highly transient flows with a need to accurately perform quantitative flow data in wide range of timing and dosing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel injection system for a combustion engine. The system comprises a source of fuel, an injector and a means for delivering pressurized fuel strokes to said injector, said injector being arranged for generating at least two fuel jets with different jet parameters at closely adjacent locations and having directions such that the jets interact with each other along a surface interface therebetween so as to generate a fine spray. The jet breakup time is shortened and the droplet size is substantially reduced.

Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for constructing a circuit for controlling an electromagnetic actuator. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for designing a circuit for controlling an electromagnetic actuator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new method and a new apparatus to accurately measure flow rates in injection systems such as gasoline, direct injection gasoline and diesel downstream of the injector where the fuel (liquid in general) is discharged from a nozzle (e.g. an injector). More specifically, it measures the flow velocities and volumetric flow rates in highly transient flows discharged cyclically with injection duration within a few hundred microseconds. Moreover, it is able to resolve multiple injection shots produced within an engine cycle with high volumetric (0.01 mm3) and temporal (10 ?s) sensitivities. The main uses of this instrument in automotive industry are manufactures of FIE, injection test machines and injection diagnostic systems. In other industries the uses maybe represented by measuring and controlling of highly transient flows with a need to accurately perform quantitative flow data in wide range of timing and dosing.

Abstract: A system and method for individual quantitative identification by means of human dynamic rhythmic electric activity spectra is provided. The method for distinguishing an individual, comprising; contacting the individual with an electrical probe; measuring, with the electrical probe, an electrical signal associated with the individual; processing the electrical signal to produce a time-series representation of the electrical signal and a frequency-domain representation of the electrical signal; identifying a distinct pattern in the time-series representation in a range of about 30 kHz to about 50 kHz; and identifying a distinct pattern in the frequency-domain representation in a range of about 500 kHz to about 1.5 MHz.

Abstract: The flow meter is a device having a laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) which measures the instantaneous center line velocity of fluid flow in a pipe and processes the instantaneous velocity so obtained to compute the volumetric flow rate, mass rate, and other flow characteristics as instantaneous quantities and/or integrated over a time interval using an electronic processing method which provides an exact solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for any periodically oscillating flow. The flow meter is particularly adapted for measuring the flow characteristics of high pressure automotive fuel injection systems. Three embodiments of the flow meter are described, including a stationary stand for off-line bench testing flow rate in a fuel injection system, a portable flow meter for inline testing in a vehicle's fuel line, and an on-board flow meter sensor connected to an engine control module.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide a flow meter device having a laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) which measures the instantaneous center line velocity of fluid flow in a pipe. The flow meter may process the instantaneous velocity so obtained to compute the volumetric flow rate, mass rate, and/or other flow characteristics (e.g., as instantaneous quantities and/or integrated over a time interval) The flow meter may use an electronic processing method. The electronic processing method may provide essentially an exact solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for any periodically oscillating flow.

Abstract: The swirl injector for an internal combustion engine is an electronic fuel injector for a direct injection engine, either gasoline or diesel. The injector has a housing defining a fluid channel, a needle valve disposed in the fluid channel with a spring biasing the valve to a closed position, and a solenoid disposed in the housing encircling the fluid channel. The injector has a nozzle with a conical valve seat and a cylindrical discharge orifice. The needle tip is ball shaped, and the needle body has a plurality of helical grooves which are rectangular in cross section having a width to depth ratio of 1.5:1 at about a 46° angle adjacent the tip. The valve lift is 50 &mgr;m in 60 &mgr;s. The penetration, swirl speed, and pitch angle are controllable through the injection pressure, providing an enhanced fuel injector for dual mode fuel injection.

Abstract: The flow meter is a device having a laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) which measures the instantaneous center line velocity of fluid flow in a pipe and processes the instantaneous velocity so obtained to compute the volumetric flow rate, mass rate, and other flow characteristics as instantaneous quantities and/or integrated over a time interval using an electronic processing method which provides an exact solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for any periodically oscillating flow. The flow meter is particularly adapted for measuring the flow characteristics of high pressure automotive fuel injection systems. Three embodiments of the flow meter are described, including a stationary stand for off-line bench testing flow rate in a fuel injection system, a portable flow meter for inline testing in a vehicle's fuel line, and an on-board flow meter sensor connected to an engine control module.

Abstract: The swirl injector for an internal combustion engine is an electronic fuel injector for a direct injection engine, either gasoline or diesel. The injector has a housing defining a fluid channel, a needle valve disposed in the fluid channel with a spring biasing the valve to a closed position, and a solenoid disposed in the housing encircling the fluid channel. The injector has a nozzle with a conical valve seat and a cylindrical discharge orifice. The needle tip is ball shaped, and the needle body has a plurality of helical grooves which are rectangular in cross section having a width to depth ratio of 1.5:1 at about a 46° angle adjacent the tip. The valve lift is 50 &mgr;m in 60 &mgr;s. The penetration, swirl speed, and pitch angle are controllable through the injection pressure, providing an enhanced fuel injector for dual mode fuel injection.

Abstract: The swirl injector for an internal combustion engine is an electronic fuel injector for a direct injection engine, either gasoline or diesel. The injector has a housing defining a fluid channel, a needle valve disposed in the fluid channel with a spring biasing the valve to a closed position, and a solenoid disposed in the housing encircling the fluid channel. The injector has a nozzle with a conical valve seat and a cylindrical discharge orifice. The needle tip is ball shaped, and the needle body has a plurality of helical grooves which are rectangular in cross section having a width to depth ratio of 1.5:1 at about a 46° angle adjacent the tip. The valve lift is 50 &mgr;m in 60 &mgr;s. The penetration, swirl speed, and pitch angle are controllable through the injection pressure, providing an enhanced fuel injector for dual mode fuel injection.

Abstract: The flow meter is a device having a laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) which measures the instantaneous center line velocity of fluid flow in a pipe and processes the instantaneous velocity so obtained to compute the volumetric flow rate, mass rate, and other flow characteristics as instantaneous quantities and/or integrated over a time interval using an electronic processing method which provides an exact solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for any periodically oscillating flow. The flow meter is particularly adapted for measuring the flow characteristics of high pressure automotive fuel injection systems. Three embodiments of the flow meter are described, including a stationary stand for off-line bench testing flow rate in a fuel injection system, a portable flow meter for inline testing in a vehicle's fuel line, and an on-board flow meter sensor connected to an engine control module.

Abstract: The flow meter is a device having a laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) which measures the instantaneous center line velocity of fluid flow in a pipe and processes the instantaneous velocity so obtained to compute the volumetric flow rate, mass rate, and other flow characteristics as instantaneous quantities and/or integrated over a time interval using an electronic processing method which provides an exact solution to the Navier-Stokes equations for any periodically oscillating flow. The flow meter is particularly adapted for measuring the flow characteristics of high pressure automotive fuel injection systems. Three embodiments of the flow meter are described, including a stationary stand for off-line bench testing flow rate in a fuel injection system, a portable flow meter for inline testing in a vehicle's fuel line, and an on-board flow meter sensor connected to an engine control module.

Abstract: The swirl injector for an internal combustion engine is an electronic fuel injector for a direct injection engine, either gasoline or diesel. The injector has a housing defining a fluid channel, a needle valve disposed in the fluid channel with a spring biasing the valve to a closed position, and a solenoid disposed in the housing encircling the fluid channel. The injector has a nozzle with a conical valve seat and a cylindrical discharge orifice. The needle tip is ball shaped, and the needle body has a plurality of helical grooves which are rectangular in cross section having a width to depth ratio of 1.5:1 at about a 46° angle adjacent the tip. The valve lift is 50 &mgr;m in 60 &mgr;s. The penetration, swirl speed, and pitch angle are controllable through the injection pressure, providing an enhanced fuel injector for dual mode fuel injection.