Abstract: Composite interface circuit including bidirectional single-conductor bus, first switching circuit, and second switching circuit. Bidirectional single-conductor bus is coupled by first pull-up resistor (R1) with first direct current (“DC”) input current source having first voltage (V1). First switching circuit includes first transistor (T1) being coupled with first pull-up resistor (R1) and with bidirectional single-conductor bus. Second switching circuit includes second transistor (T2) being coupled by second pull-up resistor (R2) with second DC input current source having second voltage (V2). Second switching circuit further includes voltage divider coupling second transistor (T2) with bidirectional single-conductor bus. First and second switching circuits are respectfully configured for being coupled with first transmitter conductor (Tx1) and first receiver conductor (Rx1) of full duplex universal asynchronous data communication interface.

Abstract: Composite interface circuit including bidirectional single-conductor bus, first switching circuit, and second switching circuit. Bidirectional single-conductor bus is coupled by first pull-up resistor (R1) with first direct current (“DC”) input current source having first voltage (V1). First switching circuit includes first transistor (T1) being coupled with first pull-up resistor (R1) and with bidirectional single-conductor bus. Second switching circuit includes second transistor (T2) being coupled by second pull-up resistor (R2) with second DC input current source having second voltage (V2). Second switching circuit further includes voltage divider coupling second transistor (T2) with bidirectional single-conductor bus. First and second switching circuits are respectfully configured for being coupled with first transmitter conductor (Tx1) and first receiver conductor (Rx1) of full duplex universal asynchronous data communication interface.

Abstract: Composite interface circuit including bidirectional single-conductor bus, first switching circuit, and second switching circuit. Bidirectional single-conductor bus is coupled by first pull-up resistor (R1) with first direct current (“DC”) input current source having first voltage (V1). First switching circuit includes first transistor (T1) being coupled with first pull-up resistor (R1) and with bidirectional single-conductor bus. Second switching circuit includes second transistor (T2) being coupled by second pull-up resistor (R2) with second DC input current source having second voltage (V2). Second switching circuit further includes voltage divider coupling second transistor (T2) with bidirectional single-conductor bus. First and second switching circuits are respectfully configured for being coupled with first transmitter conductor (Tx1) and first receiver conductor (Rx1) of full duplex universal asynchronous data communication interface.

Abstract: Switched-mode power supply (SMPS) integrated circuit including direct current step-down converter, switch, and element for potential energy storage in electric field and having T-On voltage. SMPS configured to: receive DC input current and output through load; operate in boundary conduction mode applying pulse-width-modulated voltage to switch for controlling T-On/T-Off duty cycle; generate regulated T-On current setting maximum T-On; monitor input voltage by reduction to voltage signal range; convert signal voltage to signal current value within current signal range; output T-On modulation current including signal current; combine T-On modulation current with regulated T-On current during T-On period to store potential energy in element while monitoring T-On voltage of element; and initiate T-Off period when potential energy stored in element reaches maximum T-On voltage. Further SMPS's. Method of operating SMPS's.

Abstract: System for determining periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input including voltage detector for detecting periodic values of average voltage of waveform power input and detecting corresponding periodic values of peak voltage of waveform power input. System also includes phase angle ? detector in signal communication for receiving periodic values of average voltage and peak voltage from voltage detector. Phase angle ? detector also detects periodic values each being ratio of one of periodic values of average voltage divided by corresponding periodic value of peak voltage, or being ratio of peak voltage divided by average voltage; and determines periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input corresponding to periodic values of ratio. Lighting systems.

Abstract: Switched-mode power supply (SMPS) integrated circuit including direct current step-down converter, switch, and element for potential energy storage in electric field and having T-On voltage. SMPS configured to: receive DC input current and output through load; operate in boundary conduction mode applying pulse-width-modulated voltage to switch for controlling T-On/T-Off duty cycle; generate regulated T-On current setting maximum T-On; monitor input voltage by reduction to voltage signal range; convert signal voltage to signal current value within current signal range; output T-On modulation current including signal current; combine T-On modulation current with regulated T-On current during T-On period to store potential energy in element while monitoring T-On voltage of element; and initiate T-Off period when potential energy stored in element reaches maximum T-On voltage. Further SMPS's. Method of operating SMPS's.

Abstract: Intelligent environment control systems and methods are described. One embodiment includes a processing system. A sensing system is communicatively coupled to the processing system. One or more devices coupled to the processing system are configured to modify an environment associated with a user. The processing system is configured to control the devices. The processing system is configured to receive a sensor input from the sensing system. The processing system is configured to process the sensor input and determine a user interaction with the environment.

Abstract: System for determining periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input including voltage detector for detecting periodic values of average voltage of waveform power input and detecting corresponding periodic values of peak voltage of waveform power input. System also includes phase angle ? detector in signal communication for receiving periodic values of average voltage and peak voltage from voltage detector. Phase angle ? detector also detects periodic values each being ratio of one of periodic values of average voltage divided by corresponding periodic value of peak voltage, or being ratio of peak voltage divided by average voltage; and determines periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input corresponding to periodic values of ratio. Lighting systems.

Abstract: Switched-mode power supply (SMPS) integrated circuit including direct current step-down converter, switch, and element for potential energy storage in electric field and having T-On voltage. SMPS configured to: receive DC input current and output through load; operate in boundary conduction mode applying pulse-width-modulated voltage to switch for controlling T-On/T-Off duty cycle; generate regulated T-On current setting maximum T-On; monitor input voltage by reduction to voltage signal range; convert signal voltage to signal current value within current signal range; output T-On modulation current including signal current; combine T-On modulation current with regulated T-On current during T-On period to store potential energy in element while monitoring T-On voltage of element; and initiate T-Off period when potential energy stored in element reaches maximum T-On voltage. Further SMPS's. Method of operating SMPS's.

Abstract: System for determining periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input including voltage detector for detecting periodic values of average voltage of waveform power input and detecting corresponding periodic values of peak voltage of waveform power input. System also includes phase angle ? detector in signal communication for receiving periodic values of average voltage and peak voltage from voltage detector. Phase angle ? detector also detects periodic values each being ratio of one of periodic values of average voltage divided by corresponding periodic value of peak voltage, or being ratio of peak voltage divided by average voltage; and determines periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input corresponding to periodic values of ratio. Lighting systems.

Abstract: System for determining periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input including voltage detector for detecting periodic values of average voltage of waveform power input and detecting corresponding periodic values of peak voltage of waveform power input. System also includes phase angle ? detector in signal communication for receiving periodic values of average voltage and peak voltage from voltage detector. Phase angle ? detector also detects periodic values each being ratio of one of periodic values of average voltage divided by corresponding periodic value of peak voltage, or being ratio of peak voltage divided by average voltage; and determines periodic values of phase angle ? of waveform power input corresponding to periodic values of ratio. Lighting systems.