Abstract: A method of isolating or purifying pravastatin or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt characterized by involving, in the process of isolating or purifying pravastatin or its pharmacologically acceptable salt, the step of extracting pravastatin using an organic solvent represented by the formula CH3CO2R wherein R represents an alkyl group having 3 or more carbon atoms or the step of decomposing impurities using an inorganic acid or an inorganic base; and compositions containing pravastatin sodium thus obtained.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for purification of pravastatin or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof using a salting-out technique. Inorganic salts are added to an aqueous solution of pravastatin of a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof which was obtained from culturing of microorganisms, to selectively precipitate the pravastatin or pharmacologically acceptable salt.

Abstract: An intermediate useful in the synthesis of milbemycin derivatives having an ether bond at the 13-position and which is represented by the general formula (IIId): ##STR1## wherein R represents a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group or a sec-butyl group, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6' each individually represents a hydrogen atom or a protecting group,and related precursors as well as to a process for producing these intermediates.

Abstract: A construction for mounting an automobile bumper to an automobile frame. Upwardly extending brackets are provided at tips of two side members of the frame. Threaded bores are formed on top surfaces of the brackets and threaded bores are formed on side surfaces of the side members of the frame. An upper and lower part of the bumper is provided with a first and second stay extending toward the frame. A threaded through hole is formed at a tip of each stay. A rear portion of the bumper is placed in abutment with a front surface of the brackets so as to place a tip of the first stay on the top surface of the bracket. A tip of the second stay is placed along the side surface of the side members. Screws are provided through the through holes in the first and second stays to engage the screws threadably in the threaded bores in the brackets and the side members respectively.

Abstract: A water intake portion of a hydraulic machine consists of a casing and a speed ring positioned between the casing and guide vanes for guiding water from the casing to the guide vanes. The speed ring consists of a pair of upper and lower flat members of a ring form, a plurality of stay vanes positioned between the aforesaid pair of members for interconnecting same rigidly, and a reinforcing member of a cylindrical form, which is welded to the top surface of the upper flat member between the inner and outer circumferential edges of the upper flat member. Edges defining therebetween an opening of this casing are welded to the top surface of the upper flat member of a ring form, of the speed ring in the position between the aforesaid reinforcing member and the outer circumferential edge of the upper flat member, as well as to the undersurface of the lower flat member of a ring form, respectively.