Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system comprises an active matrix, an array of M.times.N thin film actuating structures, and an array of M.times.N mirror layers for reflecting light beams, each of the mirror layers further including a first side, a second opposing side and a center portion located therebetween, wherein the first side and the second opposited side of each of the mirror layers are secured on top of the first and second actuating parts of each of the actuating structures, respectively, such that when the first and second actuating parts in each of the actuating structures deform in response to an electrical signal applied between the first and second electrodes, the center portion of the corresponding mirror layer tilts while remaining planar, thereby allowing all of the center portion to reflect the light beams, resulting in an increased optical efficiency.

Abstract: In a direct sequence spread spectrum communications system wherein user binary information symbols are spread spectrum modulated and transmitted to the other party, a non-coherent Walsh QPSK and a coherent Walsh QPSK modulation methods, wherein the PN spreading sequences for inphase and quadrature data in a conventional QPSK PN modulation scheme are coded by Walsh sequences indexed by a special rule to reduce the envelope variation of the transmitted signal, can reduce the envelope variation of transmit signal.

Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system comprises an active matrix, an array of M.times.N thin film actuating structures, each of the thin film actuating structures being provided with a first and a second actuating parts, each of the first and second actuating parts including at least a thin film layer of a motion-inducing material, a pair of electrodes, each of the electrodes being provided on top and bottom of the motion-inducing thin film layer, an array of M.times.N supporting members, each of the supporting members being used for holding each of the actuating structures in place by cantilevering each of the actuating structures and also for electrically connecting each of the actuating structures and the active matrix, and an array of M.times.

Abstract: A method for shedding traffic load in a code division multiple access mobile communication system, the method performing a soft handoff operation using the ratio of the received forward link pilot signal power to the sum of all interference signals power to transfer a portion of traffic load in the present serving cell with a high traffic density to an adjacent cell with a low traffic density. When the amount of traffic load in the present serving cell is increased and thus exceeds a link capacity of the present serving cell, handoff parameters of all mobile stations in the present serving cell can be updated on the basis of a power allocation state managed by a base station without reducing the coverage of a forward link.

Abstract: An array of M.times.N thin film actuated mirrors includes an active matrix; an array of M.times.N supporting members; and an array of M.times.N actuating structures, each of the actuating structures being provided with an actuating and a light reflecting portions and including a first thin film electrode, a thin film electrodisplacive member, a second thin film electrode, an elastic member, an insulating member, a temperature compensating member and a conduit.

Abstract: A cellular system transfers a call from a source base station to the target base station. A mobile unit measures the strength of pilot signals emanating from surrounding base stations. In response to the result of the measurement, a different frequency hand off operation is initiated by the mobile unit when all pilot signals are lower than a threshold or is initiated by a system controller with consideration being given to the frequency band occupation state of surrounding base stations and the strength information reported from the mobile unit. In a handoff operation, the mobile unit reduces a maximum data rate to modulate user information with a current used frequency and to modulate a different frequency preposition code with a primary frequency so that neighboring base stations may measure the intensity of the preposition code and the system controller can determine how the different frequency hand-off should be operated.

Abstract: An array of M .times.N electrostrictive actuated mirrors for use in an optical projection system manufactured using the inventive method, comprising: an active matrix including a substrate and an array of M.times.N connecting terminals thereon; an array of M.times.N electrostrictive actuators, wherein each of the actuators includes an electrostrictive member having a top and a bottom surfaces, the top surface being separated by a trench thereby creating first top surface and a second top surface, a first electrode located on the bottom surface, a pair of second electrodes, each of the of second electrodes placed on the first and second top surfaces, respectively, and a pair of insulating layers, each covering the first and second top surface, respectively, including the second electrode placed thereon; an array of M.times.N hinges, wherein each of the M.times.N hinges is provided with a flat top surface and a bottom surface having a protrusion mounted on the top of each actuators; an array of M.times.