Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus which includes a light transmitting system is provided. A light source system provides the light transmitting system with light; a light receiving system includes detectors which are configured to detect light reflected from the multilayer optical disk; and a stray light controller is configured to prevent stray light from reaching the detectors. The stray light controller is disposed between the light source system and the light receiving system. The stray light controller includes a light transmitting portion through which light reflected from the multilayer optical disk and the stray light are configured to pass; a light diffraction portion is configured to diffract the light reflected from the multilayer optical disk and the stray light; and a light blocking portion configured to block the light reflected from the multilayer optical disk and the stray light.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus and method of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) scheme in a Single-Carrier (SC) system are provided. The apparatus includes at least two antennas, at least two Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) demodulators, at least two subcarrier mappers, at least two OFDM modulators, and a detector. The antennas receive signals. The OFDM demodulators convert the signals into frequency domain signals. The subcarrier mappers confirm signals mapped to frequency domain subcarriers. The OFDM modulators convert the signals into time domain signals. The detector constructs at least one set for candidate transmission symbols and detects receive signals through ML detection using the set.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for precoding by limited cooperation in a wireless communication system. A method of data precoding by a Base Station (BS) in a wireless communication system includes determining a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) parameter indicating channel size information between the BS and a User Equipment (UE) served by the BS; transmitting the determined CQI parameter through a backhaul to a central unit; receiving, from the central unit, a weight factor based on a CQI parameter from each cell; and determining a precoding vector based on the weight factor. The weight factor represents a relative ratio of an inter-cell environment that is to be interfered by the BS.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes a light generating unit to generate a light to record or reproduce information, an objective lens to focus the light generated from the light generating unit onto a disk, and a multi-sectional polarizer disposed on a light path between the light generating unit and the objective lens and divided into a plurality of sectors having their individual optical axes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to performance improvement in a cell edge, particularly, to a method for selecting a precoder for a terminal in a multiple antenna system, wherein the method comprises: performing channel estimation for reference signals of a serving base station and another base station; determining a minimum singular value by using the channel estimation result; and if a complete collaborative feedback structure is used, feeding back a table of the determined, minimum singular value to the base stations.

Abstract: A gel-type bird aversion composition consists of, on the basis of weight, 30 to 90% of a thickening agent, 0.01 to 4% of an ultraviolet ray absorbent, 0.1 to 20% of methyl anthranilate, 0.1 to 10% of cinnamon essential oil, 0.1 to 20% of mint essential oil; 5 to 40% by weight of mineral oil or grease; and 1 to 10% by weight of emulsifier.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes a light generating unit to generate a light to record or reproduce information, an objective lens to focus the light generated from the light generating unit onto a disk, and a multi-sectional polarizer disposed on a light path between the light generating unit and the objective lens and divided into a plurality of sectors having their individual optical axes.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes a first objective lens having a low numerical aperture (NA) suitable for a low-density recording medium, a second objective lens having a high NA suitable for a high-density recording medium, a first light source to generate a short-wavelength optical signal to use the first and second objective lenses, a first photo-detector to receive an optical signal, which is generated from the first light source, is focused on a recording medium by the first and second objective lenses, and is then reflected from the recording medium, and a beam splitter to perform a division of the optical signal generated from the first light source, to direct some parts of the divided optical signal to the first objective lens, and to direct the other parts of the divided optical signal to the second objective lens.

Abstract: A gel-type bird aversion composition consists of, on the basis of weight, 30 to 90% of a thickening agent, 0.01 to 4% of an ultraviolet ray absorbent, 0.1 to 20% of methyl anthranilate, 0.1 to 10% of cinnamon essential oil, 0.1 to 20% of mint essential oil; 5 to 40% by weight of mineral oil or grease; and 1 to 10% by weight of emulsifier.

Abstract: A receiving apparatus and method of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) scheme in a Single-Carrier (SC) system are provided. The apparatus includes at least two antennas, at least two Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) demodulators, at least two subcarrier mappers, at least two OFDM modulators, and a detector. The antennas receive signals. The OFDM demodulators convert the signals into frequency domain signals. The subcarrier mappers confirm signals mapped to frequency domain subcarriers. The OFDM modulators convert the signals into time domain signals. The detector constructs at least one set for candidate transmission symbols and detects receive signals through ML detection using the set.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polypropylene composite composition. The polypropylene composite composition comprises 50 to 80% by weight of polypropylene, 6 to 30% by weight of talc, 10 to 30% by weight of a rubber, 3 to 15% by weight of glass bubbles, and 0.5 to 7% by weight of maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAH-PP). According to the composition, the compatibility between the glass bubbles and the polypropylene can be improved, thus enabling effective use of the glass bubbles. Therefore, when the composition is used to produce automotive components, such as automotive interior components, the fuel efficiency of automobiles can be improved due to weight reduction effects of polypropylene composites. In addition, since the composition uses colorless and odorless glass bubbles, it can remove an unpleasant smell generated from conventional interior components using talc and is thus environmentally friendly.

Abstract: In a method for optimizing a codebook including a quantized channel between a base station transmitter and a portable terminal: a) select the codebook to be optimized; b) a steepest descent algorithm is applied to respective codewords of the codebook selected in a), wherein the codewords are transformed so that a correlation between the codewords is minimized, and a function indicating the correlation between the codewords is differentiated and is multiplied by a predetermined step size and is used for a parameter for generating a new codeword in the steepest descent algorithm; c) it is determined whether the codebook including the codewords transformed in b) is optimized; and d) the codebook is stored when it is determined in c) that the codebook is optimized.

Abstract: An optical pickup apparatus includes a first objective lens having a low numerical aperture (NA) suitable for a low-density recording medium, a second objective lens having a high NA suitable for a high-density recording medium, a first light source to generate a short-wavelength optical signal to use the first and second objective lenses, a first photo-detector to receive an optical signal, which is generated from the first light source, is focused on a recording medium by the first and second objective lenses, and is then reflected from the recording medium, and a beam splitter to perform a division of the optical signal generated from the first light source, to direct some parts of the divided optical signal to the first objective lens, and to direct the other parts of the divided optical signal to the second objective lens.

Abstract: An optical pick-up including a first objective lens having a numerical aperture (NA) suitable for a BD, a second objective lens having an NA suitable for an HD-DVD, a light source to emit light beams suitable for the BD and the HD-DVD, a first beam splitter to transmit and reflect the emitted beams emitted to be selectively guided to one of the first and second objective lenses, a grated diffraction element to split the emitted beams into a zeroth order main beam and ±1st order sub-beams that can be projected on a single track of the BD and the HD-DVD in series, a first optical detector to receive a beam reflected by and returned from the BD, and a second optical detector to receive a beam reflected by and returned from the HD-DVD, wherein the first and second optical detectors are positioned at similar distances from the first beam splitter.

Abstract: An object lens and an optical pick-up device having the same capable of recording and/or reproducing a plurality of types of optical discs, the optical pick-up device including: a light emitting part that emits lights having different wavelengths corresponding to the plurality of types of optical discs, and a light collecting part that focuses a light having a wavelength corresponding to a type of a loaded optical disc and emitted from the light emitting part to form spots on the loaded optical disc. Accordingly, various types of optical discs using different wavelengths can be compatibly driven in an optical recording/reproducing apparatus capable of recording and/or reproducing high/low density optical discs.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a polypropylene composite composition. The polypropylene composite composition comprises 50 to 80% by weight of polypropylene, 6 to 30% by weight of talc, 10 to 30% by weight of a rubber, 3 to 15% by weight of glass bubbles, and 0.5 to 7% by weight of maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAH-PP). According to the composition, the compatibility between the glass bubbles and the polypropylene can be improved, thus enabling effective use of the glass bubbles. Therefore, when the composition is used to produce automotive components, such as automotive interior components, the fuel efficiency of automobiles can be improved due to weight reduction effects of polypropylene composites. In addition, since the composition uses colorless and odorless glass bubbles, it can remove an unpleasant smell generated from conventional interior components using talc and is thus environmentally friendly.