Abstract: A thermoelectric element according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode part disposed on the first substrate; a thermoelectric semiconductor disposed on the first electrode part; second electrode parts disposed on the thermoelectric semiconductor; and a second substrate disposed on the second electrode parts, wherein the second substrate comprises: a first surface; and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the second electrode parts are disposed on the first surface, a terminal electrode part formed by extending at least one of the second electrode parts is disposed on the second surface, and the second substrate is formed between the terminal electrode part and the second electrode parts.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode part disposed on the first substrate; a thermoelectric semiconductor disposed on the first electrode part; second electrode parts disposed on the thermoelectric semiconductor; and a second substrate disposed on the second electrode parts, wherein the second substrate comprises: a first surface; and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the second electrode parts are disposed on the first surface, a terminal electrode part formed by extending at least one of the second electrode parts is disposed on the second surface, and the second substrate is formed between the terminal electrode part and the second electrode parts.

Abstract: Disclosed are an ultrasonic linear motor and a method of driving the same. The ultrasonic linear motor includes a vibrator including an elastic portion and a first piezoelectric element and a second piezoelectric element which are disposed on two surfaces of the elastic portion, a moving shaft coupled to the vibrator and moved according to a displacement of the vibrator, a mover inserted into and coupled to the moving shaft, and a controller which applies a first driving pulse and a second driving pulse to the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element, wherein a frequency of the first driving pulse and a frequency of the second driving pulse are set to a frequency between a resonant frequency at which an impedance is minimum and an anti-resonant frequency at which the impedance is maximum.

Abstract: One embodiment discloses a thermoelectric element comprising: a first substrate; a plurality of thermoelectric legs disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the plurality of thermoelectric legs above the first substrate; electrodes including a plurality of first electrodes disposed between the first substrate and the plurality of thermoelectric legs and a plurality of second electrodes disposed between the second substrate and the plurality of thermoelectric legs; and a first reinforcing part disposed on the lower surface and a portion of the side surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode part disposed on the first substrate; a thermoelectric semiconductor disposed on the first electrode part; second electrode parts disposed on the thermoelectric semiconductor; and a second substrate disposed on the second electrode parts, wherein the second substrate comprises: a first surface; and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the second electrode parts are disposed on the first surface, a terminal electrode part formed by extending at least one of the second electrode parts is disposed on the second surface, and the second substrate is formed between the terminal electrode part and the second electrode parts.

Abstract: One embodiment discloses a thermoelectric element comprising: a first substrate; a plurality of thermoelectric legs disposed on the first substrate; a second substrate disposed on the plurality of thermoelectric legs above the first substrate; electrodes including a plurality of first electrodes disposed between the first substrate and the plurality of thermoelectric legs and a plurality of second electrodes disposed between the second substrate and the plurality of thermoelectric legs; and a first reinforcing part disposed on the lower surface and a portion of the side surface of the first substrate.

Abstract: The solar cell module according to the present invention includes: a supporting substrate; a back electrode layer arranged on the supporting substrate; a light absorbing layer arranged on the back electrode layer; a front electrode layer arranged on the light absorbing layer; and a bus bar arranged to be in contact with the top and side surfaces of the back electrode layer. In the solar cell according to an embodiment, the bus bar is arranged to be in contact with the top and side surfaces of the back electrode layer, which enables charge transfer both in the direction of the top surface and in the direction of the side surface, thereby facilitating the transfer of charge moving on the back electrode layer in the direction of the bus bar. Accordingly, the solar cell module according to an embodiment can increase the amount of charge transfer from the back electrode layer to the bus bar, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell module overall.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a solar cell device comprising; a support substrate; a rear electrode layer on the substrate; a light absorption layer on the rear electrode layer; a front electrode layer on the light absorption layer; and wherein a first through-hole is defined in the rear electrode layer; wherein at least one protrusion is formed on an exposed top face of the substrate via the first through-hole.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a first substrate; a plurality of thermoelectric legs disposed on the first substrate; and a second substrate disposed on the plurality of thermoelectric legs, wherein each of the thermoelectric legs comprises the bottom surface corresponding to the first substrate, the top surface corresponding to the second substrate, and at least one side surface between the bottom surface and the top surface, wherein at least one pair of a pair of the bottom surface and a side surface and a pair of the top surface and the side surface is connected by an extended surface.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solar cell and a method of fabricating the solar cell. The solar cell includes a back electrode layer; a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer; and a buffer layer on the light absorbing layer, wherein the buffer layer includes a first buffer layer, a second buffer layer on the first buffer layer and a third buffer layer on the second buffer layer, and wherein the first buffer layer includes a group I-VI compound. A method of fabricating a solar cell includes the steps of: forming a back electrode layer on a substrate; forming a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer; forming a second buffer layer on the light absorbing layer including selenium; and forming a third buffer layer including sulfide on the second buffer layer.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a solar cell device comprising; a support substrate; a rear electrode layer on the substrate; a light absorption layer on the rear electrode layer; a front electrode layer on the light absorption layer; and wherein a first through-hole is defined in the rear electrode layer; wherein at least one protrusion is formed on an exposed top face of the substrate via the first through-hole.

Abstract: The solar cell module according to the present invention includes: a supporting substrate; a back electrode layer arranged on the supporting substrate; a light absorbing layer arranged on the back electrode layer; a front electrode layer arranged on the light absorbing layer; and a bus bar arranged to be in contact with the top and side surfaces of the back electrode layer. In the solar cell according to an embodiment, the bus bar is arranged to be in contact with the top and side surfaces of the back electrode layer, which enables charge transfer both in the direction of the top surface and in the direction of the side surface, thereby facilitating the transfer of charge moving on the back electrode layer in the direction of the bus bar. Accordingly, the solar cell module according to an embodiment can increase the amount of charge transfer from the back electrode layer to the bus bar, thereby improving the efficiency of the solar cell module overall.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell. The solar cell includes: a substrate including through lines opposing to each other; a semiconductor layer on a top side of the substrate; bus lines at both edges of a top side of the semiconductor layer; and bus bars connected electrically to the bus lines, respectively, and extending to a rear side of the substrate through the through lines.

Abstract: A solar cell according to the embodiment includes a light absorbing layer; a buffer layer on the light absorbing layer; a high resistance buffer layer on the buffer layer; and a window layer on the buffer layer, wherein the high resistance buffer layer has an energy bandgap higher than an energy bandgap of the window layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are a solar cell and a method of fabricating the solar cell. The solar cell includes a back electrode layer; a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer; and a buffer layer on the light absorbing layer, wherein the buffer layer includes a first buffer layer, a second buffer layer on the first buffer layer and a third buffer layer on the second buffer layer, and wherein the first buffer layer includes a group I-VI compound. A method of fabricating a solar cell includes the steps of: forming a back electrode layer on a substrate; forming a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer; forming a second buffer layer on the light absorbing layer including selenium; and forming a third buffer layer including sulfide on the second buffer layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solar cell apparatus. The solar cell apparatus includes: a solar cell panel including a central region and an outer region surrounding the central region; a first adhesive member adhered to the central region; a second adhesive member adhered to the outer region and having an adhesive strength greater than the first adhesive member.

Abstract: Provided is a solar cell. The solar cell includes: a substrate including through lines opposing to each other; a semiconductor layer on a top side of the substrate; bus lines at both edges of a top side of the semiconductor layer; and bus bars connected electrically to the bus lines, respectively, and extending to a rear side of the substrate through the through lines.

Abstract: Disclosed is a solar cell apparatus. The solar cell apparatus includes: a solar cell panel including a central region and an outer region surrounding the central region; a first adhesive member adhered to the central region; a second adhesive member adhered to the outer region and having an adhesive strength greater than the first adhesive member.

Abstract: The solar battery according to embodiments includes a substrate having an effective area and an edge area disposed outside the effective area; and a solar battery cell formed on the effective area of the substrate and comprising a first electrode, a light absorbing layer, and a second electrode. A step portion is formed on the substrate corresponding to the edge area.

Abstract: Provided are a solar cell apparatus and a method of manufacturing the same. The solar cell apparatus includes: a substrate; a back electrode layer on the substrate; a light absorbing layer on the back electrode layer; and a front electrode layer on the light absorbing layer. A groove is formed in an outline portion of the substrate.