Abstract: An optical sampling signal holding method for a photonic analog-to-digital conversion system, based on frequency response principles of sampling and holding, controls photoelectric conversion processes after photonic sampling to be equivalent to the signal holding effect in switch sampling, and converts sampled optical pulses into a special holding waveform, directly eliminating the time mismatch between back-end electronic analog-to-digital converters and optical pulses. The photoelectric conversion frequency responses in the invention do not lead to additional expenses on active devices and software, which greatly improves performances of the photonic analog-to-digital conversion system. The method is not limited by the number of channels, and can provide more reliable technical solutions for realizing a photonic analog-to-digital conversion system with high sampling rate in the future.

Abstract: A coherent photon analog-to-digital conversion device comprising an optical clock oscillation source, a sampled signal source, a photon sampling gate, a photoelectric detection module, an electrical sampling module, a phase detection module, a loop filter, and signal feedback links. By adjusting the optical clock oscillating source or the sampled signal source, the invention makes the two highly coherent, thereby reducing the clock jitter and greatly improving the sampling precision. It is very important for improving the performance of microwave photon systems that require high time accuracy and high sampling accuracy, such as microwave photon radar and optical communication systems.

Abstract: A coherent photon analog-to-digital conversion device comprising an optical clock oscillation source, a sampled signal source, a photon sampling gate, a photoelectric detection module, an electrical sampling module, a phase detection module, a loop filter, and signal feedback links. By adjusting the optical clock oscillating source or the sampled signal source, the invention makes the two highly coherent, thereby reducing the clock jitter and greatly improving the sampling precision. It is very important for improving the performance of microwave photon systems that require high time accuracy and high sampling accuracy, such as microwave photon radar and optical communication systems.

Abstract: New Gp32F protein for determining, localizing or quantitating single-stranded DNA or RNA molecules comprises a Gp32 protein conjugated at an environment-sensitive amino acid (e.g. cysteine-166) to a fluorescent label.

Abstract: The invention relates to products and methods for determining, localizing, and quantitating single-stranded polynucleotides. The methods of the invention include the use of Gp32F protein and mutant Gp32F protein to monitor polynucleotide reactions such as DNA replication, annealing, and excision and to determine single-stranded polynucleotide structures such as gaps, flaps, and bubbles.

Abstract: The invention relates to products and methods for determining, localizing, and quantitating single-stranded polynucleotides. The methods of the invention include the use of Gp32F protein and mutant Gp32F protein to monitor polynucleotide reactions such as DNA replication, annealing, and excision and to determine single-stranded polynucleotide structures such as gaps, flaps, and bubbles.