Abstract: A deicing apparatus comprises an integral stack of layers inseparably joined in intimate mutual contact forming a flexible mat. The layers include a first layer to be placed into contact with a surface to be deiced or to be maintained clear of ice, having electrical insulation properties, a second layer of resistance heating, electrically conductive material formed in an electrical conducting path, a third layer of electrically insulating material, a forth heat energy reflective layer of metallic foil, and a fifth layer of thermally insulative and physically tough material. A device for applying an electrical current to the second layer to produce heat energy is provided.