Abstract: The system and method for connecting a square concrete-filled steel tubular column to a reinforced concrete footing includes a short steel pipe partially embedded in the footing, the pipe having a top end having flanges extending radially therefrom, the top end extending into a cavity in the footing having an elliptical top opening and circular base, the flanges extending above the base. An elliptical base plate is welded to the bottom of the tubular steel column, the base plate having a circular opening defined therein and a plurality of spaced flange slots depending therefrom. The bottom end of the column is lowered into the cavity, the elliptical base plate passing through the elliptical opening in the cavity, and the column is rotated 90° to interlock the flanges with the flange slots. The cavity is filled with concrete grout, and the square or rectangular steel column is filled with concrete.

Abstract: The system and method for connecting a square concrete-filled steel tubular column to a reinforced concrete footing includes a short steel pipe partially embedded in the footing, the pipe having a top end having flanges extending radially therefrom, the top end extending into a cavity in the footing having an elliptical top opening and circular base, the flanges extending above the base. An elliptical base plate is welded to the bottom of the tubular steel column, the base plate having a circular opening defined therein and a plurality of spaced flange slots depending therefrom. The bottom end of the column is lowered into the cavity, the elliptical base plate passing through the elliptical opening in the cavity, and the column is rotated 90° to interlock the flanges with the flange slots. The cavity is filled with concrete grout, and the square or rectangular steel column is filled with concrete.

Abstract: The method of connecting a circular concrete-filled steel tubular column to a reinforced concrete footing provides a process for constructing a circular concrete-filled steel tubular column anchored in a reinforced concrete footing. A tubular member is partially embedded in a cavity formed in a block of reinforced concrete, such that a pair of flanges thereof is positioned adjacent to and above a base surface of the cavity. A steel tube is partially inserted into the cavity, such that rotation of the steel tube will cause the pair of flanges to interlock with a pair of slots at the lower end of the steel tube, locking the steel tube in place with respect to the tubular member and the block of reinforced concrete. The cavity is filled with concrete grout to secure the column, and the steel tube is filled with concrete to form the circular concrete-filled steel tubular column.

Abstract: The system and method for connecting a square concrete-filled steel tubular column to a reinforced concrete footing includes a short steel pipe partially embedded in the footing, the pipe having a top end having flanges extending radially therefrom, the top end extending into a cavity in the footing having an elliptical top opening and circular base, the flanges extending above the base. An elliptical base plate is welded to the bottom of the tubular steel column, the base plate having a circular opening defined therein and a plurality of spaced flange slots depending therefrom. The bottom end of the column is lowered into the cavity, the elliptical base plate passing through the elliptical opening in the cavity, and the column is rotated 90° to interlock the flanges with the flange slots. The cavity is filled with concrete grout, and the square or rectangular steel column is filled with concrete.

Abstract: The method of connecting a circular concrete-filled steel tubular column to a reinforced concrete footing provides a process for constructing a circular concrete-filled steel tubular column anchored in a reinforced concrete footing. A tubular member is partially embedded in a cavity formed in a block of reinforced concrete, such that a pair of flanges thereof is positioned adjacent to and above a base surface of the cavity. A steel tube is partially inserted into the cavity, such that rotation of the steel tube will cause the pair of flanges to interlock with a pair of slots at the lower end of the steel tube, locking the steel tube in place with respect to the tubular member and the block of reinforced concrete. The cavity is filled with concrete grout to secure the column, and the steel tube is filled with concrete to form the circular concrete-filled steel tubular column.

Abstract: The method of connecting a circular concrete-filled steel tubular column to a reinforced concrete footing provides a process for constructing a circular concrete-filled steel tubular column anchored in a reinforced concrete footing. A tubular member is partially embedded in a cavity formed in a block of reinforced concrete, such that a pair of flanges thereof is positioned adjacent to and above a base surface of the cavity. A steel tube is partially inserted into the cavity, such that rotation of the steel tube will cause the pair of flanges to interlock with a pair of slots at the lower end of the steel tube, locking the steel tube in place with respect to the tubular member and the block of reinforced concrete. The cavity is filled with concrete grout to secure the column, and the steel tube is filled with concrete to form the circular concrete-filled steel tubular column.

Abstract: A thermally-broken ornamental door includes a thermally-broken door and a thermally-broken jamb through which thermal transfer is greatly minimized. The thermally-broken door includes an outer panel and an inner panel that are minimally connected through a plurality of door bridging strips. The thermally-broken jamb includes an outer jamb frame and an inner jamb frame that are minimally connected through a plurality of jamb bridging strips. An insulating foam panel is present between the outer panel and the inner panel while an insulating foam core is present between the outer jamb frame and the inner jamb frame. A window assembly is hingedly mounted into the thermally-broken door and includes a retaining spacer frame that minimizes thermal transfer from an exterior environment to an inner window frame through a glass panel of the window assembly. The retaining spacer frame additionally provides structural support to the glass panel.

Abstract: A thermally-broken ornamental door includes a thermally-broken door and a thermally-broken jamb through which thermal transfer is greatly minimized. The thermally-broken door includes an outer panel and an inner panel that are minimally connected through a plurality of door bridging strips. The thermally-broken jamb includes an outer jamb frame and an inner jamb frame that are minimally connected through a plurality of jamb bridging strips. An insulating foam panel is present between the outer panel and the inner panel while an insulating foam core is present between the outer jamb frame and the inner jamb frame. A window assembly is hingedly mounted into the thermally-broken door and includes a retaining spacer frame that minimizes thermal transfer from an exterior environment to an inner window frame through a glass panel of the window assembly. The retaining spacer frame additionally provides structural support to the glass panel.

Abstract: A shape modification of a wall-like column includes the preparation of the column by chamfering the corners and roughening the sides of cement segments thereto. The process requires a simple formwork in the form of generally circular PVC pipe segments which are cut to required shapes which are arcuate such as the segments of a circle, oval or even elliptical. After those forms formed from the PVC pipe affixed around the reinforced concrete column are then filled with grout/cement. A plurality of vertical steel strips are attached to the column by steel rod-like shear studs that extend through previously drilled passageways passing through the reinforced concrete column and segments. The reinforced concrete column is then strengthened by increasing the area of cross section and more importantly by confining the column and attached segments by FRP materials. In addition, the vertical strips with steel studs contribute to the column strengthening.

Abstract: A shape modification of a wall-like column includes the preparation of the column by chamfering the corners and roughening the sides of cement segments thereto. The process requires a simple formwork in the form of generally circular PVC pipe segments which are cut to required shapes which are arcuate such as the segments of a circle, oval or even elliptical. After those forms formed from the PVC pipe affixed around the reinforced concrete column are then filled with grout/cement. A plurality of vertical steel strips are attached to the column by steel rod-like shear studs that extend through previously drilled passageways passing through the reinforced concrete column and segments. The reinforced concrete column is then strengthened by increasing the area of cross section and more importantly by confining the column and attached segments by FRP materials. In addition, the vertical strips with steel studs contribute to the column strengthening.