Abstract: Method and apparatus for applying ultrasonic energy to a continuously moving web of paperboard at the same time it is being press-dried by being subjected to pressure and heat.

Abstract: A method of dewatering an aqueous suspension by concurrently subjecting the aqueous suspension to the action of a sonic or ultrasonic field and an electrical field so as to remove the water from the suspension. The suspension is moved into a dewatering chamber between opposing electrodes one of which is permeable to water. The sonic or ultrasonic field is then applied to the suspension concurrently with the electrical field, at a frequency and amplitude adapted to cause water to separate from the suspension particles. The concurrently applied electrical field between the electrodes causes the particles to migrate away from the permeable electrode and water to migrate toward the permeable electrode. Water is then removed through the permeable electrode. The method requires less energy to remove a unit of water, has a faster rate of water removal and achieves a lower moisture content than if only an electrical field or acoustical field were used separately or in sequence.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for vulcanizing rubber and like material (10). Ultrasonic energy at about 10 to 100 kilohertz is applied to the material (10) at an energy intensity sufficient to generate heat to a temperature in the range of about 200 to 300 degrees Fahrenheit, while a static pressure is applied on the material (10) sufficient to prevent substantial cavitation and material degradation. The application of the ultrasonic energy and the pressure is maintained for at least about 10 minutes for each 1/8 inch in thickness of the material (10).