Abstract: An image acquisition system includes an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a member separate from the image acquisition device to transmit a command to the image acquisition device for controlling the image acquisition device in such a manner as to permit the image acquisition device to operate in response to the command. The image acquisition device transmits to the commanding device identification information permitting the image acquisition device to identify the commanding device. The commanding device receives the transmitted identification information and transmits a command with authentication information contains authentication information permitting the image acquisition device to authenticate the commanding device, the authentication information containing one of the received identification information and information derived from the identification information.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes a camera as an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a member separate from the camera to transmit a command for controlling the camera to the camera so that the camera can perform the operation corresponding to the command. The ability to transmit/receive the command between the commanding device and the image acquisition device is switchable.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a member separate from an image acquisition device proper to transmit a command for controlling the image acquisition device to the image acquisition device proper.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a separate member from the image acquisition device to transmit an image acquisition execution command to the image acquisition device and thereby to cause the image acquisition device to perform an image acquisition operation. The commanding device includes an authentication information transmission unit configured to transmit authentication information to the image acquisition device to cause the image acquisition device to authenticate the commanding device.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a member separate from the image acquisition device to transmit a command to the image acquisition device for controlling the image acquisition device in such a manner as to permit the image acquisition device to operate in response to the command. The image acquisition device transmits to the commanding device identification information permitting the image acquisition device to identify the commanding device. The commanding device receives the transmitted identification information and transmits a command with authentication information contains authentication information permitting the image acquisition device to authenticate the commanding device, the authentication information containing one of the received identification information and information derived from the identification information.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes a camera as an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a member separate from the camera to transmit a command for controlling the camera to the camera so that the camera can perform the operation corresponding to the command. The ability to transmit/receive the command between the commanding device and the image acquisition device is switchable.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a member separate from an image acquisition device proper to transmit a command for controlling the image acquisition device to the image acquisition device proper.

Abstract: An image acquisition system includes an image acquisition device and a commanding device configured as a separate member from the image acquisition device to transmit an image acquisition execution command to the image acquisition device and thereby to cause the image acquisition device to perform an image acquisition operation. The commanding device includes an authentication information transmission unit configured to transmit authentication information to the image acquisition device to cause the image acquisition device to authenticate the commanding device.

Abstract: A focusing signal generator sends an instruction signal to a voice coil driver. The driver drives voice coils to move an objective lens in accordance with the instruction signal. Under this state, a laser beam emitted from a laser head is irradiated on a first photoelectric converting element and a recording surface of a recording medium via an optical system, respectively. The laser beam irradiated on the recording surface of the recording medium is gathered in the recording medium in a non-focusing state. As the non-focusing state is maintained, a first signal processor provides an arithmetic processing to the electrical signal, which was output via the first photoelectric converting element, whereby the output power of the laser beam from the laser head is detected. The detected data signal is output to the laser driver. The laser driver controls the laser head, so that the laser beam having the recording output power is emitted.

Abstract: An optical record medium in the form of a wallet-size optical card including a data region in which a number of data tracks are provided in parallel with each other, an identification region provided on one side of the data region, and a mark region provided on a side of the identification regions. Data signals are recorded in the data tracks and addresses of the data tracks are recorded in the identification region. Every time a data signal has been recorded in a data track, a mark is recorded in the mark region at such a position that the mark is aligned with the relevant data track viewed in a track direction.

Abstract: A method of writing data in a track on a optical card by projecting a writing laser beam whose output power is modulated in accordance with the data to be recorded, wherein immediately after writing the data with the aid of the writing laser beam having a nominal value A.sub.3, the data is read out of the optical card and confirmed whether the data has been correctly written or not. If the data is not correctly written on the optical card, the same data is written again in another track on the optical card with the aid of the writing laser beam whose output power is changed to a higher level A.sub.4. Immediately after this second writing, the data is read out of the optical card to check whether the data has been correctly recorded or not. The data writing operation is repeated by a predetermined number of times by changing the level of the output power of the writing laser beam successively in the order of A.sub.3, A.sub.4, A.sub.2, A.sub.5, A.sub.1, wherein A.sub.1 <A.sub.2 <A.sub.3 <A.sub.

Abstract: A plurality of reagents for use in an automatic chemical analyzer are managed by initially setting into a random access memory amounts of reagents initially set in the analyzer and by changing the amounts of reagents every time the reagents are used. When an electrical power supply is switched off, the amounts of reagents stored in the random access memory are transferred into a non-volatile memory, and when the electric power supply is switched on again, the amounts of reagents stored in the non-volatile memory are transferred into the random access memory. Therefore, it is no more necessary for a user to set amounts of reagents remained in the analyzer every time the electric power supply is switched on.

Abstract: An automatic analyzing apparatus for automatically effecting chemical analysis on a sample of blood, urea or the like dependent on measurement items by measuring the light absorption degree of a reaction liquid through a reaction vessel, comprising a reaction liquid photometric unit, a photometric unit independent of the reaction light photometric unit and operative to measure beforehand the light absorption degree of the reaction vessel per se or the reaction vessel containing a reagent or dilute liquid, and means for correcting the light absorption degree of the reaction liquid measured at the reaction liquid photometric unit on the basis of the light absorption degree of the reaction vessel per se or the light absorption degree of the reaction vessel containing the reagent or dilute liquid measured at the independent photometric unit.

Abstract: An automatic analyzing apparatus for automatically effecting chemical analysis on a sample of blood, urea or the like dependent on measurement items by measuring the light absorption degree of a reaction liquid through a reaction vessel, comprising a reaction liquid photometric unit, a photometric unit independent of the reaction light photometric unit and operative to measure beforehand the light absorption degree of the reaction vessel per se or the reaction vessel containing a reagent or dilute liquid, and means for correcting the light absorption degree of the reaction liquid measured at the reaction liquid photometric unit on the basis of the light absorption degree of the reaction vessel per se or the light absorption degree of the reaction vessel containing the reagent or dilute liquid measured at the independent photometric unit.

Abstract: An intelligent copier for readily performing image enlargement, reduction, synthesis, and editing. In the intelligent copier, an SIT (Static Induction Transistor) image sensor in which a plurality of SIT image cells are arranged two-dimensionally pixel by pixel in the same substrate is used as an image sensor for picking-up the image of a document. It is not necessary to use an expensive mass storage memory for storing the image information, because the SIT image sensor can perform a nondestructive readout, so that the copier can be made small in size and inexpensive in cost.

Abstract: In a chemical analyzing apparatus of a colorimetric type in which a light flux transmitted through a test liquid is made incident upon a light receiving element through an optical filter having a predetermined transmission spectrum range and a measurement signal is obtained by processing a photoelectrically converted signal, a plurality of optical filters having different transmission spectrum ranges and arranged side by side and a solid state image sensor having a plurality of light receiving elements each having a photoelectric converting element and a static induction transistor are arranged one upon the other. An analytical result is obtained by calculating output signals selectively derived from light receiving elements which are arranged behind a particular optical filter having a transmission spectrum range related to a wavelength determined by a test item to be studied.

Abstract: A method of enhancing the accuracy and reliability of a chemical analysis, wherein a reaction is carried out by combining a sample liquid with at least one reagent to form a test liquid and the test liquid is photometrically scrutinized a plurality of times over an extended period of time to derive a number of photometric values. The derived values are then stored and a plurality of the stored photometric values are preliminarily selected from a given time frame, wherein the plurality of preliminarily selected values are less than a total number of stored photometric values.

Abstract: A process of delivering a given amount of a sample and one or more reagents into a reaction vessel by means of a common delivery device which includes a single aspiration-discharge pump and a single probe, without contamination between samples and reagents, wherein a washing step of clearing an outer surface of the probe chip by immersing it into a wash-water, preferably a diluent, is introduced between an aspiration step and a discharge step or between the discharge step and the aspiration step.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a delivering device including a probe and operative to suck at least one kind of liquids such as a plurality of reagents, samples or the like from respective vessels into the probe and deliver the liquid thus sucked from the probe into a reaction vessel. In such kind of delivering apparatus, provision is made of the improvement in which the probe is movable along a given moving path, the vessels containing the liquids to be delivered being provided with suction openings arranged at a plurality of fixed positions along the moving path of the probe, and in which the reaction vessel is movable along a path adjacent to and crossed with the moving path of the probe, and in which provision is made of means for locating the probe at any sucking position or at a delivering position with respect to the reaction vessel where the moving path of the probe is adjacent to or crossed with the moving path of the reaction vessel.

Abstract: An automatic focussing apparatus for microscopes includes a pair of photoelectric transducer elements disposed short of and beyond the imaging position, respectively, of an optical system which is used for the purpose of focussing. Each element is connected with a separate loop comprising an A/D converter which converts an output signal from the associated element corresponding to each picture element into a digital quantity, a sample-and-hold circuit, a calculation circuit which responds to the digital signal to derive an evaluation function, and an accumulator which stores the resulting value. The individual accumulators are connected with a comparison circuit, which is in turn connected with a focus control circuit controlling the optical system.