Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing unit that stores a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic charge image on a image holding member by the developer to form a toner image, a transfer unit that transfers the toner image on the image holding member onto a recording medium, and a fixing unit that performs an operation of heating and pressing twice or more to the toner image on the recording medium by at least one heating and pressing member which contacts with the toner image, wherein the toner has a sea and island structure of a sea portion containing a binder resin and an island portion containing a release agent, a maximum frequent value and a skewness in distribution of eccentricity B of the island portion is 0.75 to 0.95 and ?1.10 to ?0.50, respectively, and eccentricity B is defined in the specification.

Abstract: A developing device includes a storing unit that stores an electrostatic charge image developing toner, and a developer holding member that is provided to have a gap with an image holding member and holds the toner on a surface, wherein the developing device develops an electrostatic charge image formed on a surface of the image holding member by the toner on the developer holding member through a non-contact development to form a toner image, and wherein the toner has a sea and island structure of a sea portion containing a binder resin and an island portion containing a release agent, a maximum frequent value in distribution of the eccentricity B of the island portion is from 0.75 to 0.95, and a skewness in the distribution of the eccentricity B is from ?1.10 to ?0.50, and the eccentricity B is defined in the specification.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image holding member; a charging unit; an electrostatic charge image forming unit; a developing unit that accommodates an electrostatic charge image developer that contains toner particles having a shape factor SF1 of 120 to 145 and hydrophobic inorganic oxide particles having a number average particle diameter of 30 nm to 80 nm and satisfies the Formula (1), and develops the electrostatic charge image formed on the surface of the image holding member to form a toner image, by the electrostatic charge image developer; a transfer unit; and a cleaning unit that includes a cleaning blade which contacts with the surface of the image holding member at contact pressure of 9.8 mN/mm to 21.6 mN/mm, and removes toner remaining on the surface of the image holding member after transferring the toner image by the cleaning blade: Q?160?12R??(1).

Abstract: A developing device includes a storing unit that stores an electrostatic charge image developing toner, and a developer holding member that is provided to have a gap with an image holding member and holds the toner on a surface, wherein the developing device develops an electrostatic charge image formed on a surface of the image holding member by the toner on the developer holding member through a non-contact development to form a toner image, and wherein the toner has a sea and island structure of a sea portion containing a binder resin and an island portion containing a release agent, a maximum frequent value in distribution of the eccentricity B of the island portion is from 0.75 to 0.95, and a skewness in the distribution of the eccentricity B is from ?1.10 to ?0.50, and the eccentricity B is defined in the specification.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing unit that stores a developer containing a toner and develops an electrostatic charge image on a image holding member by the developer to form a toner image, a transfer unit that transfers the toner image on the image holding member onto a recording medium, and a fixing unit that performs an operation of heating and pressing twice or more to the toner image on the recording medium by at least one heating and pressing member which contacts with the toner image, wherein the toner has a sea and island structure of a sea portion containing a binder resin and an island portion containing a release agent, a maximum frequent value and a skewness in distribution of eccentricity B of the island portion is 0.75 to 0.95 and ?1.10 to ?0.50, respectively, and eccentricity B is defined in the specification.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a fixing unit that fixes a toner image on a surface of a recording medium while transporting the recording medium with a contact portion of a first member and a second member, and a moving unit that moves at least one of the first member and the second member toward a direction intersecting with a transport direction of the recording medium, wherein a toner has a sea and island structure of a sea portion containing a binder resin and an island portion containing a release agent, a maximum frequent value in distribution of the eccentricity B of the island portion containing the release agent is in a range of from 0.75 to 0.95, a skewness in the distribution of the eccentricity B is from ?1.10 to ?0.50, and the eccentricity B is defined in the specification.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image holding member; a charging unit; an electrostatic charge image forming unit; a developing unit that accommodates an electrostatic charge image developer that contains toner particles having a shape factor SF1 of 120 to 145 and hydrophobic inorganic oxide particles having a number average particle diameter of 30 nm to 80 nm and satisfies the Formula (1), and develops the electrostatic charge image formed on the surface of the image holding member to form a toner image, by the electrostatic charge image developer; a transfer unit; and a cleaning unit that includes a cleaning blade which contacts with the surface of the image holding member at contact pressure of 9.8 mN/mm to 21.6 mN/mm, and removes toner remaining on the surface of the image holding member after transferring the toner image by the cleaning blade: Q?160?12R??(1).

Abstract: An electrostatic charging member includes a base material; and an outermost layer that contains a porous filler and a resin and has a gel fraction of at least about 50% and a surface roughness Rz in a range of about 2 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: There is provided a charging member cleaning roller including: a core body; and an elastic layer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the core body and includes a polyurethane foam obtained from at least a polyester polyol, a foam stabilizer, and a catalyst. Moreover, there is provided a charging member cleaning roller including: a core body; and an elastic layer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the core body and includes a urethane foam having an open-cell structure, a resilience of approximately 15% to 30%, and a hardness of approximately 150N to 230N.

Abstract: An electrostatic charging member includes a base material; and an outermost layer that contains a porous filler and a resin and has a gel fraction of at least about 50% and a surface roughness Rz in a range of about 2 ?m to about 20 ?m.

Abstract: There is provided a charging member cleaning roller including: a core body; and an elastic layer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the core body and includes a polyurethane foam obtained from at least a polyester polyol, a foam stabilizer, and a catalyst. Moreover, there is provided a charging member cleaning roller including: a core body; and an elastic layer that is provided on a peripheral surface of the core body and includes a urethane foam having an open-cell structure, a resilience of approximately 15% to 30%, and a hardness of approximately 150N to 230N.