Abstract: Methods, apparatuses, and computer readable media for a common preamble for wireless local-area networks (WLANs). An apparatus of a first wireless device including processing circuitry configured to decode a first data frame from a second wireless device, the data frame indicating a destination address of a third wireless device and in response to the third wireless device being an immediate neighbor of the first wireless device, encode a second data frame comprising the data from the first data frame and an address of the third wireless device as the receiver address of the data frame. The processing circuitry further configured to in response to the third wireless device not being an immediate neighbor of the first wireless device, encode the second data frame to comprise the data from the first data frame, an address of a fourth wireless device, and the address of the third wireless device.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to frequency offset tracking in optical signals. A device may identify modulated light received from a light source, wherein the modulated light is received at a frame rate, and wherein the modulated light is associated with pixel clusters. The device may determine light samples based on the pixel clusters, the light samples including a first light sample and a second light sample. The device may determine a vector norm between the first light sample and the second light sample using an oversampling factor. The device may determine that the vector norm is below a threshold. The device may determine a start frame delimiter (SFD) based on the vector norm. The device may demodulate the symbol based on the oversampling factor.

Abstract: This disclosure describes systems, methods, and devices related to frequency offset tracking in optical signals. A device may identify modulated light received from a light source, wherein the modulated light is received at a frame rate, and wherein the modulated light is associated with pixel clusters. The device may determine light samples based on the pixel clusters, the light samples including a first light sample and a second light sample. The device may determine a vector norm between the first light sample and the second light sample using an oversampling factor. The device may determine that the vector norm is below a threshold. The device may determine a start frame delimiter (SFD) based on the vector norm. The device may demodulate the symbol based on the oversampling factor.