Abstract: An array of transition metal tubular architectures, where the transition metal tubular architectures are comprised of a transition metal oxide, sulfide, or selenide, and wherein transition metal tubular architectures are less than 100 nm in length. The transition metal tubular architectures can be at least partially crystalline. Within the array of transition metal tubular architectures, at least 80% of the transition metal tubular architectures can be less than 100 nm in length.

Abstract: An array of transition metal tubular architectures, where the transition metal tubular architectures are comprised of a transition metal oxide, sulfide, or selenide, and wherein transition metal tubular architectures are less than 100 nm in length. The transition metal tubular architectures can be at least partially crystalline. Within the array of transition metal tubular architectures, at least 80% of the transition metal tubular architectures can be less than 100 nm in length.

Abstract: A method of extraction of pure iron (III) oxide from bulk iron ore is provided that includes crushing and grinding, using a crushing machine, raw hematite ore, where a milled ore is formed, water-washing the milled ore by rinsing under continuous stirring conditions, dilute acid-washing the milled ore with diluted hydrochloric acid under continuous stirring conditions, immersing the dilute acid-washed milled ore in concentrated acid under the continuous stirring conditions, and applying heat, treating the heated and immersed milled ore with an alkali to form a precipitate, washing with water the precipitate to purify the precipitate, and drying the purified precipitate, and igniting the purified dry precipitate to extract a pure iron (III) oxide from a bulk iron ore.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an electrical circuit component includes preparing a mixture of a structured material and silkworm food. The method further includes feeding the mixture to at least one silkworm. The method further includes harvesting silk produced by the at least one silkworm, wherein the harvested silk includes at least one silkworm silk fiber including silkworm-digested portions of the structured material embedded in or on the at least one fiber. The method further includes incorporating the at least one fiber into an electrical circuit component.

Abstract: An array of transition metal tubular architectures, where the transition metal tubular architectures are comprised of a transition metal oxide, sulfide, or selenide, and wherein transition metal tubular architectures are less than 100 nm in length. The transition metal tubular architectures can be at least partially crystalline. Within the array of transition metal tubular architectures, at least 80% of the transition metal tubular architectures can be less than 100 nm in length.

Abstract: A method of extraction of pure iron (III) oxide from bulk iron ore is provided that includes crushing and grinding, using a crushing machine, raw hematite ore, where a milled ore is formed, water-washing the milled ore by rinsing under continuous stirring conditions, dilute acid-washing the milled ore with diluted hydrochloric acid under continuous stirring conditions, immersing the dilute acid-washed milled ore in concentrated acid under the continuous stirring conditions, and applying heat, treating the heated and immersed milled ore with an alkali to form a precipitate, washing with water the precipitate to purify the precipitate, and drying the purified precipitate, and igniting the purified dry precipitate to extract a pure iron (III) oxide from a bulk iron ore.

Abstract: A drug eluting stent is provided that includes a Ni-free Ti-17Nb-6Ta stent, and Ti-17Nb-6Ta oxides nanotubes grown on an inner wall of the Ti-17Nb-6Ta stent, where the Ti-17Nb-6Ta oxides nanotubes are configured for holding and releasing drugs to enable enhanced endothelialization for better healing.

Abstract: An array of transition metal tubular architectures, where the transition metal tubular architectures are comprised of a transition metal oxide, sulfide, or selenide, and wherein transition metal tubular architectures are less than 100 nm in length. The transition metal tubular architectures can be at least partially crystalline. Within the array of transition metal tubular architectures, at least 80% of the transition metal tubular architectures can be less than 100 nm in length.

Abstract: A solar energy conversion niobium oxynitride microcone and a method of the synthesis and use of niobium oxynitride microcones are provided. The material is useful for solar energy conversion, optics, photocatalysis, electrochromics, sensors and biomedical applications. According to one embodiment, Nb205 microcones are formed by anodization of (1M NaF and 1 wt. % HF electrolyte ?40 V ?20 min), they were annealed in ammonia gas to allow their doping with nitrogen. Nitridation of the micro cones shifts the absorption edge from 450 nm for the oxide form to 777 nm for the oxynitride form.

Abstract: A drug eluting stent is provided that includes a Ni-free Ti-17Nb-6Ta stent, and Ti-17Nb-6Ta oxides nanotubes grown on an inner wall of the Ti-17Nb-6Ta stent, where the Ti-17Nb-6Ta oxides nanotubes are configured for holding and releasing drugs to enable enhanced endothelialization for better healing.

Abstract: A solar energy conversion niobium oxynitride microcone and a method of the synthesis and use of niobium oxynitride microcones are provided. The material is useful for solar energy conversion, optics, photocatalysis, electrochromics, sensors and biomedical applications. According to one embodiment, Nb205 microcones are formed by anodization of (1M NaF and 1 wt. % HF electrolyte ?40 V ?20 min), they were annealed in ammonia gas to allow their doping with nitrogen. Nitridation of the micro cones shifts the absorption edge from 450 nm for the oxide form to 777 nm for the oxynitride form.