Abstract: A gas detection element for detection of a measurement target gas is provided. The gas detection element includes a gas detection layer including a chemochromic pigment; and a spacer. The spacer is permeable to the measurement target gas, is disposed on a first surface of the gas detection layer, and has an area smaller than an area of the gas detection layer.

Abstract: Described herein is an ammonia compound indicator comprising an adhesive and a chemochromic compound disposed therein. Also described are methods of making the aforedescribed elements and methods for indicating the presence of ammonia.

Abstract: A gas sensing element includes a gas detection layer including a pigment, the gas detection layer including a first surface; and a backing material disposed on the first surface of the gas detection layer. When reducing gas causes the gas sensing element to change in color, a color change ?L* of the gas sensing element is greater than or equal to 5.

Abstract: A gas sensing element includes a gas detection layer including a chemochromic pigment, with modifications towards enhancing shelf-life performance and false detection performance before use. The gas detection layer has an adhesion of greater than or equal to 0.2 N/25 mm. Also described are methods of making the aforedescribed element to attain enhanced shelf-life performance and false detection performance.

Abstract: A gas detection element for detection of a measurement target gas is provided. The gas detection element includes a gas detection layer including a chemochromic pigment; and a spacer. The spacer is permeable to the measurement target gas, is disposed on a first surface of the gas detection layer, and has an area smaller than an area of the gas detection layer.

Abstract: A gas detection system includes (1) an output device configured to output data acquired by monitoring a gas sensing element including a gas detection layer including a pigment; and (2) an information processing apparatus configured to process the data output by the output device, wherein the information processing apparatus includes a determining unit configured to determine whether the gas sensing element has detected gas, based on the data, and a display control unit configured to display, on an indication element, information indicating a position of the gas sensing element that has detected the gas or information indicating a status of gas leakage determined based on the data, when the determining unit determines that the gas sensing element has detected the gas.

Abstract: A gas sensing element includes a gas detection layer including a chemochromic pigment, with modifications towards enhancing shelf-life performance and false detection performance before use. The gas detection layer has an adhesion of greater than or equal to 0.2 N/25 mm. Also described are methods of making the aforedescribed element to attain enhanced shelf-life performance and false detection performance.

Abstract: A gas sensing element includes a gas detection layer including a pigment, the gas detection layer including a first surface; and a backing material disposed on the first surface of the gas detection layer. When reducing gas causes the gas sensing element to change in color, a color change ?L* of the gas sensing element is greater than or equal to 5.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst includes a support including particles of an alkaline earth salt, and first particles including a palladium compound on the support. The oxidation catalyst can also include precious metal group (PMG) metal particles in addition to the first particles intermixed together on the support. A gas permeable polymer that provides a continuous phase can completely encapsulate the particles and the support. The oxidation catalyst may be used as a gas sensor, where the first particles are chemochromic particles.

Abstract: A method of detecting defects in membranes such as ion exchange membranes of electrochemical cells. The electrochemical cell includes an assembly having an anode side and a cathode side with the ion exchange membrane in between. In a configuration step a chemochromic sensor is placed above the cathode and flow isolation hardware lateral to the ion exchange membrane which prevents a flow of hydrogen (H2) between the cathode and anode side. The anode side is exposed to a first reactant fluid including hydrogen. The chemochromic sensor is examined after the exposing for a color change. A color change evidences the ion exchange membrane has at least one defect that permits H2 transmission therethrough.

Abstract: A coated polymer membrane includes a polymer composite including a polymer material, a rare earth or transition metal compound modifier within at least a portion of a thickness of the polymer material. A median particles size of the compound modifier is between 20 nm and 150 nm. A precious metal group (PMG) metal or PMG metal alloy is coating both sides of the polymer composite.

Abstract: An oxidation catalyst includes a support including particles of an alkaline earth salt, and first particles including a palladium compound on the support. The oxidation catalyst can also include precious metal group (PMG) metal particles in addition to the first particles intermixed together on the support. A gas permeable polymer that provides a continuous phase can completely encapsulate the particles and the support. The oxidation catalyst may be used as a gas sensor, where the first particles are chemochromic particles.

Abstract: A method of forming a supported oxidation catalyst includes providing a support comprising a metal oxide or a metal salt, and depositing first palladium compound particles and second precious metal group (PMG) metal particles on the support while in a liquid phase including at least one solvent to form mixed metal comprising particles on the support. The PMG metal is not palladium. The mixed metal particles on the support are separated from the liquid phase to provide the supported oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A method of forming a supported oxidation catalyst includes providing a support comprising a metal oxide or a metal salt, and depositing first palladium compound particles and second precious metal group (PMG) metal particles on the support while in a liquid phase including at least one solvent to form mixed metal comprising particles on the support. The PMG metal is not palladium. The mixed metal particles on the support are separated from the liquid phase to provide the supported oxidation catalyst.

Abstract: A supported oxidation catalyst includes a support having a metal oxide or metal salt, and mixed metal particles thereon. The mixed metal particles include first particles including a palladium compound, and second particles including a precious metal group (PMG) metal or PMG metal compound, wherein the PMG metal is not palladium. The oxidation catalyst may also be used as a gas sensor.

Abstract: A (H2) sensor composition includes a gas permeable matrix material intermixed and encapsulating at least one chemochromic pigment. The chemochromic pigment produces a detectable change in color of the overall sensor composition in the presence of H2 gas. The matrix material provides high H2 permeability, which permits fast permeation of H2 gas. In one embodiment, the chemochromic pigment comprises PdO/TiO2. The sensor can be embodied as a two layer structure with the gas permeable matrix material intermixed with the chemochromic pigment in one layer and a second layer which provides a support or overcoat layer.

Abstract: A method of detecting defects in membranes such as ion exchange membranes of electrochemical cells. The electrochemical cell includes an assembly having an anode side and a cathode side with the ion exchange membrane in between. In a configuration step a chemochromic sensor is placed above the cathode and flow isolation hardware lateral to the ion exchange membrane which prevents a flow of hydrogen (H2) between the cathode and anode side. The anode side is exposed to a first reactant fluid including hydrogen. The chemochromic sensor is examined after the exposing for a color change. A color change evidences the ion exchange membrane has at least one defect that permits H2 transmission therethrough.

Abstract: A supported oxidation catalyst includes a support having a metal oxide or metal salt, and mixed metal particles thereon. The mixed metal particles include first particles including a palladium compound, and second particles including a precious metal group (PMG) metal or PMG metal compound, wherein the PMG metal is not palladium. The oxidation catalyst may also be used as a gas sensor.

Abstract: A method of generating hydrogen includes the steps of providing an amine borane (AB) complex, at least one hydrogen generation catalyst, and a solvent, and mixing these components. Hydrogen is generated. The hydrogen produced is high purity hydrogen suitable for PEM fuel cells. A hydrolytic in-situ hydrogen generator includes a first compartment that contains an amine borane (AB) complex, a second container including at least one hydrogen generation catalyst, wherein the first or second compartment includes water or other hydroxyl group containing solvent. A connecting network permits mixing contents in the first compartment with contents in the second compartment, wherein high purity hydrogen is generated upon mixing. At least one flow controller is provided for controlling a flow rate of the catalyst or AB complex.

Abstract: A method of generating hydrogen includes the steps of providing an amine borane (AB) complex, at least one hydrogen generation catalyst, and a solvent, and mixing these components Hydrogen is generated. The hydrogen produced is high purity hydrogen suitable for PEM fuel cells. A hydrolytic in-situ hydrogen generator includes a first compartment that contains an amine borane (AB) complex, a second container including at least one hydrogen generation catalyst, wherein the first or second compartment includes water or other hydroxyl group containing solvent. A connecting network permits mixing contents in the first compartment with contents in the second compartment, wherein high purity hydrogen is generated upon mixing. At least one flow controller is provided for controlling a flow rate of the catalyst or AB complex.