Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) positioning system comprises transceivers, positioning tags, processing units and a computing host. One or multiple positioning tags are attached to a target object being located. When the transceivers first generate and transmit transmission signals, one or multiple tag antennas in the positioning tag receive the transmission signals and transmit back modulated signals. The transceivers then receive and transmit the modulated signals to the processing units. The processing units are configured to obtain received signals, and calculate frequency differences based on the received signals and the transmission signals. The computing host calculates position coordinates of tag antennas based on the frequency differences, and then calculates the orientation of the target object being located according to the position coordinates of the tag antennas.

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) positioning system comprises transceivers, positioning tags, processing units and a computing host. One or multiple positioning tags are attached to a target object being located. When the transceivers first generate and transmit transmission signals, one or multiple tag antennas in the positioning tag receive the transmission signals and transmit back modulated signals. The transceivers then receive and transmit the modulated signals to the processing units. The processing units are configured to obtain received signals, and calculate frequency differences based on the received signals and the transmission signals. The computing host calculates position coordinates of tag antennas based on the frequency differences, and then calculates the orientation of the target object being located according to the position coordinates of the tag antennas.

Abstract: An optical measurement system including a two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating and a measurement unit is provided. The two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating includes a rotary shaft and a plurality of sine wave structures surrounding the rotary shaft and continuously arranged. The measurement unit is adapted to output a light beam towards the two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating, wherein each of the sine wave structures is adapted to reflect the light beam from the two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating back to the measurement unit. A measurement method for errors of a rotating platform and a two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating are also provided.

Abstract: An optical measurement system including a two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating and a measurement unit is provided. The two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating includes a rotary shaft and a plurality of sine wave structures surrounding the rotary shaft and continuously arranged. The measurement unit is adapted to output a light beam towards the two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating, wherein each of the sine wave structures is adapted to reflect the light beam from the two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating back to the measurement unit. A measurement method for errors of a rotating platform and a two-dimensional sine wave annuls grating are also provided.

Abstract: A measuring method for linear stage used for measuring a displacement volume of a linear stage includes a light source, a two-dimensional grating, a quadrant photodiode and a processor. The light source provides an incident light, and the two-dimensional grating is disposed in light path of the incident light and reflects the incident to form a reflection light. The quadrant photodiode is disposed in light path of the reflection light and receives the reflection light for generating a plurality of sensing signals. The processor receives the sensing signals and utilizes the sensing signals to calculate a slope signal by a slope signal equation of the two-dimensional grating and an initial position signal and an end position signal by a position signal equation of the two-dimensional grating. The processor obtains the displacement volume of the linear stage by the slope signal, the initial position signal and the end position signal.

Abstract: An ion airflow generating device includes a number of generator stages, each of which includes a number of generators. Each generator includes a needle-shaped emitter and a ring-shaped receiver. The receivers in the same stage are arranged in an array. Each receiver defines a groove in an outer circumferential surface thereof along a direction parallel to the central axis thereof. Each two adjacent receivers in a former generator stage connect with each other, and the grooves thereof cooperatively define a hole for holding an emitter in a next generator stage. The receivers in the next generator stage symmetrically offset from the receivers in the former generator stage such that each emitter aligns to the center of a corresponding receiver.

Abstract: An ion generator to generate ion flow to ventilate heat comprises an emitter, a receiver and a power supply. The emitter comprises a needle electrode having one needle shaped tip configured as a discharging portion. The receiver comprises a plurality of flow channels for airflow and at least one receiving portion. The at least one receiving portion comprises a line edge arranged around a concave spherical surface, and the discharging portion is at a substantial center of the concave spherical surface. The power supply provides a voltage potential difference between the discharging portion of the emitter and the receiving portions of the receiver.

Abstract: An ion airflow generating device includes a number of generator stages, each of which includes a number of generators. Each generator includes a needle-shaped emitter and a ring-shaped receiver. The receivers in the same stage are arranged in an array. Each receiver defines a groove in an outer circumferential surface thereof along a direction parallel to the central axis thereof. Each two adjacent receivers in a former generator stage connect with each other, and the grooves thereof cooperatively define a hole for holding an emitter in a next generator stage. The receivers in the next generator stage symmetrically offset from the receivers in the former generator stage such that each emitter aligns to the center of a corresponding receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bacterial effector protein which inhibits programmed cell death in eukaryotes and a nucleic acid molecule encoding such a protein. The present invention also relates to methods of suppressing programmed cell death in eukaryotes, delaying senescence in plants, and increasing protein expression in plants. The present invention further relates to a nucleic acid construct having a nucleic acid molecule encoding a first protein, which suppresses immunity by inhibition of programmed cell death in eukaryotes, coupled to a nucleic acid molecule encoding a second protein which is toxic when expressed in eukaryotes. Additionally, the present invention provides a method of stabilizing a transgenic plant transformed with such a nucleic acid construct. Finally, the present invention provides a method of treating subjects for a condition mediated by programmed cell death involving administering to the subject a bacterial effector protein which inhibits programmed cell death.

Abstract: An ion generator to generate ion flow to ventilate heat comprises an emitter, a receiver and a power supply. The emitter comprises a needle electrode having one needle shaped tip configured as a discharging portion. The receiver comprises a plurality of flow channels for airflow and at least one receiving portion. The at least one receiving portion comprises a line edge arranged around a concave spherical surface, and the discharging portion is at a substantial center of the concave spherical surface. The power supply provides a voltage potential difference between the discharging portion of the emitter and the receiving portions of the receiver.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a bacterial effector protein which inhibits programmed cell death in eukaryotes and a nucleic acid molecule encoding such a protein. The present invention also relates to methods of suppressing programmed cell death in eukaryotes, delaying senescence in plants, and increasing protein expression in plants. The present invention further relates to a nucleic acid construct having a nucleic acid molecule encoding a first protein, which suppresses immunity by inhibition of programmed cell death in eukaryotes, coupled to a nucleic acid molecule encoding a second protein which is toxic when expressed in eukaryotes. Additionally, the present invention provides a method of stabilizing a transgenic plant transformed with such a nucleic acid construct. Finally, the present invention provides a method of treating subjects for a condition mediated by programmed cell death involving administering to the subject a bacterial effector protein which inhibits programmed cell death.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for batch updating records in a computer system that includes a server module, a database coupled to the server module, and a client module coupled to the server module. The method includes the steps of receiving a user identification code and a password code at the server module for verifying the identity of a user of the client module, opening an import file at the client module, and determining whether the information of the import file satisfies certain criteria. The method further includes the steps of downloading a server work file from the server module to the client module, updating the server work file using the import file, and uploading the server work file from the client module to the server module.

Abstract: A lithography rework analysis method and system. The method is applied to a system having a network server and a user computer having a browser interface. The method transfers initial data of various machines into the network database. The network database contains rework data of machines performing lithography rework operation. Analysis time node is input to the browser interface and the analysis time node is transferred to the network server. According to the analysis time node, the network server retrieves required data from the network database and displays the data on the browser interface. Rework data residing within the network database includes data table production time, product number, production line code, station code, department code, product code, mask rework pieces, measuring station, production machine, worker name, rework reason code, rework reason title, current status, wafer lot note item, rework time and rework region.

Abstract: A lithography rework analysis method and system. The method is applied to a system having a network server and a user computer having a browser interface. The method transfers initial data of various machines into the network database. The network database contains rework data of machines performing lithography rework operation. Analysis time node is input to the browser interface and the analysis time node is transferred to the network server. According to the analysis time node, the network server retrieves required data from the network database and displays the data on the browser interface. Rework data residing within the network database includes data table production time, product number, production line code, station code, department code, product code, mask rework pieces, measuring station, production machine, worker name, rework reason code, rework reason title, current status, wafer lot note item, rework time and rework region.