Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing a water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion, comprising: (a) mixing an active component with an internal aqueous phase to form a homogenized mixture; (b) mixing the homogenized mixture with an oleaginous phase to form a water-in-oil emulsion; and (c) mixing the water-in-oil emulsion with an external aqueous phase to form the water-in-oil-in-water multiple emulsion, wherein the external aqueous phase comprises water and an excipient, and wherein the excipient comprises a whey protein concentrate and a modified starch.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing dyes excitable by a helium-neon laser (excitable at 633 nm) from hololepidines, e.g., 7-halolepidine, which dyes are suitable for detection and enumeration of reticulocytes in human blood samples. In another aspect, the invention provides a method for immunotyping phenocytes. The method is based on the phenomenon that when dyes of certain structure intercalate into DNA or RNA, the intensity of the dye increases. Dyes suitable for this invention can be described as having (a) a first heterocyclic moiety, (b) a second heterocyclic moiety, and (c) a linking group that connects the first and second heterocyclic moieties. Both the first and second heterocyclic moieties must contain at least two rings, preferably fused together. The dye is characterized by conjugation, whereby the first moiety is ethylenically conjugated to the second moiety.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing dyes excitable by a helium-neon laser (excitable at 633 nm) from hololepidines, e.g., 7-halolepidine, which dyes are suitable for detection and enumeration of reticulocytes in human blood samples. In another aspect, the invention provides a method for immunotyping phenocytes. The method is based on the phenomenon that when dyes of certain structure intercalate into DNA or RNA, the intensity of the dye increases. Dyes suitable for this invention can be described as having (a) a first heterocyclic moiety, (b) a second heterocyclic moiety, and (c) a linking group that connects the first and second heterocyclic moieties. Both the first and second heterocyclic moieties must contain at least two rings, preferably fused together. The dye is characterized by conjugation, whereby the first moiety is ethylenically conjugated to the second moiety.

Abstract: A method for synthesizing dyes excitable by a helium-neon laser (excitable at 633 nm) from hololepidines, e. G., 7-halolepidine, which dyes are suitable for the detection and enumeration of reticulocytes in human blood samples. In another aspect, this invention provides a method for immunotyping phenocytes. The method is based on the phenomenon that when dyes of certain structure intercalate into DNA or RNA, the intensity of the dyes increases. The general structure of dyes suitable for use in this invention is shown below: wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, Y, and n are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: Chemiluminescent electron-rich aryl-substituted 1,2-dioxetane compounds are disclosed in which the aryl group is poly-substituted with suitable electron-donating groups such that the light-emitting pattern of the molecule results in a very high luminescent count, thus providing for a sensitive and precise assay for haptens, analytes, polynucleotides and the like. These substituted aryl-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds can be used as direct labels in an immunoassay or when derivatized with an appropriate leaving group, can be used as a substrate for a enzyme immunoassay. The unusual chemiluminescence of the compounds allows the timing of the luminescent reaction to be exactly controlled.

Abstract: This disclosure related to a method and reagents for determining tetrahydrocannabinoids (THC) and THC metabolites in a biological fluid such as urine. In particular, this disclosure relates to a fluorescence polarization immunoassay procedure for determining the presence of THC and to a novel class of tracer compounds employed as reagents in such procedures. The procedure described also provides for novel wash reagent for a THC fluorescence polarization assay.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fluorescence polarization immunoassay for cyclosporin A and metabolites thereof. The present invention also relates to novel cyclosporin A derivative compounds useful in fluorescence polarization techniques. Included among the novel compounds are cyclosporin A derivatives where the amino acid in the first position is altered. The cyclosporin A derivatives are useful in forming immunogens for raising antibodies specific to cyclosporin A and metabolites thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure related to a method and reagents for determining tetrahydrocannabinoids (THC) and THC metabolites in a biological fluid such as urine. In particular, this disclosure relates to a fluorescence polarization immunoassay procedure for determining the presence of THC and to a novel class of tracer compounds employed as reagents in such procedures. The procedure described also provides for novel wash reagent for a THC fluorescence polarization assay.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fluorescence polarization immunoassay for cyclosporin A and metabolites thereof. The present invention also relates to novel cyclosporin A derivative compounds useful in fluorescence polarization techniques. Included among the novel compounds are cyclosporin A derivatives where the amino acid in the first position is altered. The cyclosporin A derivatives are useful in forming immunogens for raising antibodies specific to cyclosporin A and metabolites thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure related to a method and reagents for determining tetrahydrocannabinoids (THC) and THC metabolites in a biological fluid such as urine. In particular, this disclosure relates to a fluorescence polarization immunoassay procedure for determining the presence of THC and to a novel class of tracer compounds employed as reagents in such procedures. The procedure described also provides for novel wash reagent for a THC fluorescence polarization assay.

Abstract: A fluorescence polarization immunoassay for detecting the presence of methadone in a test sample is provided, based upon competition between methadone and a fluorescently labeled tracer for the binding sites on an antibody specific for methadone. The concentration of methadone in the sample determines the amount of tracer that binds to the antibody. The amount of tracer-antibody complex formed can be quantitatively measured and is inversely proportional to the quantity of methadone in the sample. Tracers used as reagents and immunogens used to raise antibodies for use as reagents are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein, Z and Y are each alkylene or oxy-alkylene containing one to about five carbon atoms in the principal chain or said alkylene substituted with OH, alkanoyloxy, alkoxy, mercapto or alkylmercapto;each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently H, alkyl, aryl, halo, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylmercapto, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxamido, sulfamoyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, acyloxy, alkylamino, sulfonylamino, or acylamino; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, when taken together, form a methylenedioxy or --O--CO--O--;Ar is heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or ##STR2## wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as hereindescribed; and R is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carboalkoxy, or CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5 wherein each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is H or alkyl; wherein the total number of carbon atoms in each hydrocarbyl group is up to 10; and ##STR3## wherein, each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein, Z and Y are each alkylene or oxy-alkylene containing one to about five carbon atoms in the principal chain or said alkylene substituted with OH, alkanoyloxy, alkoxy, mercapto or alkylmercapto;each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently H, alkyl, aryl, halo, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylmercapto, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxamido, sulfamoyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, acyloxy, alkylamino, sulfonylamino, or acylamino; or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, when taken together, form a methylenedioxy or --O--CO--O--;Ar is heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or ##STR2## wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as hereindescribed; andR is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carboalkoxy, or CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5 wherein each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is H or alkyl; wherein the total number of carbon atoms in each hydrocarbyl group is up to 10; and ##STR3## wherein, each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Compounds of the formulae: ##STR1## wherein, Z and Y are each alkylene containing one to about five carbon atoms in the principal chain or said alkylene substituted with OH, alkanoyloxy, alkoxy, mercapto or alkylmercapto;each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently H, alkyl, aryl, halo, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkylsulfinyl, alkylsulfonyl, alkylmercapto, cyano, carboxy, carbalkoxy, carboxamido, sulfamoyl, trifluoromethyl, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, acyloxy, alkylamino, sulfonylamino, or acylamino; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, when taken together, form a methylenedioxy or --O--CO--O--;Ar is heteroaryl, cycloalkyl or ##STR2## wherein, R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as hereindescribed; andR is H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, carboalkoxy, or CONR.sub.4 R.sub.5 wherein each of R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 is H or alkyl; wherein the total number of carbon atoms in each hydrocarbyl group is up to 10;and ##STR3## wherein, each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.