Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on various policies which may include one or more static rule-based policies (e.g., a rule-based resource management policy) and one or more machine learning (ML) based policies (e.g., an ML-based resource management policy). Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on evaluation and selection of policies to be applied for supporting communication network management. Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on regulation of network management actions generated based on selected policies before application of the network management actions to the communication network.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus configured to perform the following. The apparatus hosts a plurality of applications for managing network functions of a radio access network and schedules them for one or more future time slots. The apparatus obtains one or more predicted future values of one or more network parameters of the radio access network for the one or more future time slots. The apparatus determines whether or not at least one conflict exists in the scheduling of the plurality of applications based on the one or more predicted future values of the one or more network parameters. In response to determining that the at least one conflict exists, the apparatus resolves the at least one conflict by adjusting scheduling of at least one application involved in the at least one conflict.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light source unit including a plurality of light sources; an optical unit including a plurality of incidence lenses, a plurality of emission lenses corresponding to the plurality of incidence lenses, and a plurality of shields each configured to block a part of light from being incident on each of the plurality of emission lenses; and a light transmission unit that transmits light generated from the light source unit to the optical unit. In particular, the optical unit is divided into a plurality of transmission regions that transmit the light generated from each of the plurality of light sources to allow a pattern region corresponding to each of the plurality of light sources to be formed.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp forms a predetermined beam pattern using a plurality of lamp modules arranged in at least one direction. Each of the plurality of lamp modules includes a light source unit that generates light; an optical unit that is disposed in front of the light source unit and transmits the light from the light source unit so that at least a portion of the light incident to an incident surface of the optical unit is output through an exit surface thereof to form the predetermined beam pattern; and an optical path adjustment unit that guides the light generated from the light source unit to the optical unit by adjusting paths of the light. The exit surface of the optical unit of one of the plurality of lamp modules is disposed more forward than the exit surface of the optical unit of another one of the plurality of lamp modules.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp forms a predetermined beam pattern using a plurality of lamp modules arranged in at least one direction. Each of the plurality of lamp modules includes a light source unit that generates light; an optical unit that is disposed in front of the light source unit and transmits the light from the light source unit so that at least a portion of the light incident to an incident surface of the optical unit is output through an exit surface thereof to form the predetermined beam pattern; and an optical path adjustment unit that guides the light generated from the light source unit to the optical unit by adjusting paths of the light. The exit surface of the optical unit of one of the plurality of lamp modules is disposed more forward than the exit surface of the optical unit of another one of the plurality of lamp modules.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light source unit including a plurality of light sources; an optical unit including a plurality of incidence lenses, a plurality of emission lenses corresponding to the plurality of incidence lenses, and a plurality of shields each configured to block a part of light from being incident on each of the plurality of emission lenses; and a light transmission unit that transmits light generated from the light source unit to the optical unit. In particular, the optical unit is divided into a plurality of transmission regions that transmit the light generated from each of the plurality of light sources to allow a pattern region corresponding to each of the plurality of light sources to be formed.

Abstract: According to an example embodiment, a device is configured to a deep reinforcement learning, DRL, agent to simulate the behaviour of a network component. The DRL agent takes the network state and user traffic as inputs. It generates the next network state and user performances. A training algorithm of the simulator is configured for the DRL agents and it is derived to deal with the property of time-correlation in network components. The simulator uses a training algorithm so that it enables robust inference under a limited number of transitions collected with the real network components and users. It is derived with state augmentation by using an autoencoder architecture. It is also configured by a reward estimation algorithm by using local regression, for example with a Gaussian Process.

Abstract: A lamp for a vehicle includes a light emitting unit for generating light, and an optical unit for forming a predetermined light irradiation pattern by outputting the light incident from the light emitting unit through a plurality of optical modules each including an incident lens and an output lens. The light emitting unit includes a light source unit, and a plurality of reflectors arranged in a left-right direction to allow the light generated from the light source unit to be reflected to the optical unit, and the optical unit includes a plurality of areas for outputting the light incident from the plurality of reflectors.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light source unit for generating light, and a lens unit including a plurality of incident lenses, to which the light generated from the light source unit is incident, a plurality of emitting lenses for emitting the light incident from the plurality of incident lenses, and a plurality of shields for obstructing at least a portion of the light incident to each of the plurality of emitting lenses. Each of the plurality of shields includes a transmission region for transmitting light and a blocking region for obstructing light, and at least one light shielding member for obstructing a portion of the light through the transmission region is formed in the transmission region of at least one of the plurality of shields.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light source unit for generating light, and a lens unit including a plurality of incident lenses, to which the light generated from the light source unit is incident, a plurality of emitting lenses for emitting the light incident from the plurality of incident lenses, and a plurality of shields for obstructing at least a portion of the light incident to each of the plurality of emitting lenses. Each of the plurality of shields includes a transmission region for transmitting light and a blocking region for obstructing light, and at least one light shielding member for obstructing a portion of the light through the transmission region is formed in the transmission region of at least one of the plurality of shields.

Abstract: Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on various policies which may include one or more static rule-based policies (e.g., a rule-based resource management policy) and one or more machine learning (ML) based policies (e.g., an ML-based resource management policy). Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on evaluation and selection of policies to be applied for supporting communication network management. Various example embodiments for supporting communication network management may be configured to support communication network management based on regulation of network management actions generated based on selected policies before application of the network management actions to the communication network.

Abstract: A lamp for a vehicle includes a light emitting unit for generating light, and an optical unit for forming a predetermined light irradiation pattern by outputting the light incident from the light emitting unit through a plurality of optical modules each including an incident lens and an output lens. The light emitting unit includes a light source unit, and a plurality of reflectors arranged in a left-right direction to allow the light generated from the light source unit to be reflected to the optical unit, and the optical unit includes a plurality of areas for outputting the light incident from the plurality of reflectors.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light emission system; and an optical system disposed in front of the light emission system. The optical system is configured to allow light incident thereto from the light emission system to exit through a plurality of optical modules to form a predefined light irradiation pattern, and each of the plurality of optical modules includes an incident lens and an exit lens. Further, the light emission system includes a plurality of light sources; and a plurality of reflectors configured to allow a plurality of light beams respectively emitted from the plurality of light sources to be respectively directed to a plurality of regions of the optical system.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp includes a light emission system; and an optical system disposed in front of the light emission system. The optical system is configured to allow light incident thereto from the light emission system to exit through a plurality of optical modules to form a predefined light irradiation pattern, and each of the plurality of optical modules includes an incident lens and an exit lens. Further, the light emission system includes a plurality of light sources; and a plurality of reflectors configured to allow a plurality of light beams respectively emitted from the plurality of light sources to be respectively directed to a plurality of regions of the optical system.

Abstract: A lamp for a vehicle includes a light source unit; a first optical member in which a plurality of incident lenses are arranged on an incident surface thereof; a second optical member in which a plurality of exit lenses are arranged on an exit surface thereof; and a shield unit including a plurality of shields disposed between the plurality of incident lenses and the plurality of exit lenses. The incident surface of the first optical member and the exit surface of the second optical member are inclined, and an incident surface of a first incident lens among the plurality of incident lenses and an exit surface of a first exit lens corresponding to the first incident lens among the plurality of exit lenses are formed asymmetrically with respect to a reference line drawn to pass through a focal point between the first incident lens and the first exit lens.

Abstract: Provided is to a vehicle lamp capable of ensuring a high sense of unity when a plurality of lamp units are arranged based on a shape of an outer optical member. The vehicle lamp includes a light source unit for generating light, a first optical member in which a plurality of incident optics are disposed on an incident surface, a second optical member in which a plurality of emitting optics are disposed, and a shield unit disposed between the plurality of incident optics and the plurality of emitting optics. In particular, a first side of the incident surface and the emitting surface is formed to be closer to the light source unit than a second side of the incident surface and the emitting surface to allow the incident surface and the emitting surface to be inclined.

Abstract: A lamp for a vehicle includes a light source unit; a first optical member in which a plurality of incident lenses are arranged on an incident surface thereof; a second optical member in which a plurality of exit lenses are arranged on an exit surface thereof; and a shield unit including a plurality of shields disposed between the plurality of incident lenses and the plurality of exit lenses. The incident surface of the first optical member and the exit surface of the second optical member are inclined, and an incident surface of a first incident lens among the plurality of incident lenses and an exit surface of a first exit lens corresponding to the first incident lens among the plurality of exit lenses are formed asymmetrically with respect to a reference line drawn to pass through a focal point between the first incident lens and the first exit lens.

Abstract: Provided is to a vehicle lamp capable of ensuring a high sense of unity when a plurality of lamp units are arranged based on a shape of an outer optical member. The vehicle lamp includes a light source unit for generating light, a first optical member in which a plurality of incident optics are disposed on an incident surface, a second optical member in which a plurality of emitting optics are disposed, and a shield unit disposed between the plurality of incident optics and the plurality of emitting optics. In particular, a first side of the incident surface and the emitting surface is formed to be closer to the light source unit than a second side of the incident surface and the emitting surface to allow the incident surface and the emitting surface to be inclined.

Abstract: Provided is to a vehicle lamp capable of ensuring a high sense of unity when a plurality of lamp units are arranged based on a shape of an outer optical member. The vehicle lamp includes a light source unit for generating light, a first optical member in which a plurality of incident optics are disposed on an incident surface, a second optical member in which a plurality of emitting optics are disposed, and a shield unit disposed between the plurality of incident optics and the plurality of emitting optics. In particular, a first side of the incident surface and the emitting surface is formed to be closer to the light source unit than a second side of the incident surface and the emitting surface to allow the incident surface and the emitting surface to be inclined.

Abstract: Provided is a lamp for a vehicle, and more particularly, which prevents a blind zone in a beam pattern and allows a boundary line of the beam pattern to have adequate sharpness. The lamp includes a light source portion which includes a plurality of micro light sources disposed to be spaced at predetermined gaps and a lens portion which includes a plurality of micro lenses disposed in front of at least one of the plurality of micro light sources. An incident surface of a micro lens has a dimension which includes a length of a micro light source corresponding to the micro lens and at least a part of a gap between the micro light source and an adjacent micro light source.