Abstract: Discussed is a secondary battery low-voltage defect determination system, which can include a database unit configured to store existing data on battery manufacturing process conditions, activation process conditions, voltage measurement conditions, and a battery voltage measured after an activation process of a battery, a detection unit configured to detect experimental data on the manufacturing process conditions, the activation process conditions, the voltage measurement conditions, and the battery voltage measured after the activation process of the battery, and a calculation unit configured to calculate target voltage drop correction data based on the existing data stored in the database unit and the experimental data detected by the detection unit.

Abstract: A cold engine lockout CELO method is carried out when cooling water of an engine is not sufficiently warmed upon the startup of a vehicle in the winter according to default levels, wherein the default levels are divided into a total default level, a partial default level and a control level according to inside and outside air temperatures.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a thermoelectric device, and a first line with a first fluid therein. The first line is configured such that the first fluid can exchange heat with a first surface of the thermoelectric device, and configured to discharge the fluid to a space. A second line has a second fluid therein. The second line is configured such that the second fluid can exchange heat with a second surface of the thermoelectric device, and pass through a heat sink to further exchange heat. A control unit supplies electricity to the thermoelectric device such that the first surface absorbs heat in a cooling mode and the second surface absorbs heat in a heating mode. The control unit also controls a flow rate of the second fluid, such that the flow rate is higher in the cooling mode than in the heating mode.

Abstract: An air conditioning system for vehicles is provided to include an evaporator, a heating unit, and a case having a passage to fluidly-communicate between inside and outside the vehicle and including the evaporator and the heating unit in series therein, wherein the heating unit is pivotally coupled to the case and configured to control flow direction of air flowing from the evaporator through the passage.

Abstract: An automotive cooling system, which comprises a housing, a radiator unit, and a circulating fan, is disclosed. The housing has a water tank for supplying water. The radiator unit has external air radiating fins emitting heat of vaporization of the water through a flow of air introduced from outside the vehicle, and internal air radiating fins exchanging heat with air circulating through an interior of the vehicle, and is installed on the housing. The circulating fan is installed in the housing in order to circulate the air in the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: A CELO method is carried out when cooling water of an engine is not sufficiently warmed upon the startup of a vehicle in the winter. A CELO is carried out in various modes according to negligence levels a vehicle, wherein the negligence levels are divided into a total negligence level, a partial negligence level and a care level according to inside and outside air temperatures. The CELO is carried out for the total or partial negligence levels but not for the care level. For the total or partial negligence levels, the CELO is operated according to various times. The CELO operation time can be adjusted according to the vehicle speed in addition to the negligence levels of a vehicle. The CELO can thus be appropriately carried out according to vehicle conditions and passenger demands without a cooling water temperature sensor.

Abstract: An air conditioner includes a thermoelectric device, and a first line with a first fluid therein. The first line is configured such that the first fluid can exchange heat with a first surface of the thermoelectric device, and configured to discharge the fluid to a space. A second line has a second fluid therein. The second line is configured such that the second fluid can exchange heat with a second surface of the thermoelectric device, and pass through a heat sink to further exchange heat. A control unit supplies electricity to the thermoelectric device such that the first surface absorbs heat in a cooling mode and the second surface absorbs heat in a heating mode. The control unit also controls a flow rate of the second fluid, such that the flow rate is higher in the cooling mode than in the heating mode.