Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of making core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles, and to electrodes comprising the same. The core-shell and yolk-shell nanoparticles and electrodes comprising them are suitable for use in electrochemical cells, such as fluoride shuttle batteries. The shell may protect the metal core from oxidation, including in an electrochemical cell. In some embodiments, an electrochemically active structure includes a dimensionally changeable active material forming a particle that expands or contracts upon reaction with or release of fluoride ions. One or more particles are at least partially surrounded with a fluoride-conducting encapsulant and optionally one or more voids are formed between the active material and the encapsulant using sacrificial layers or selective etching. When the electrochemically active structures are used in secondary batteries, the presence of voids can accommodate dimensional changes of the active material.

Abstract: A method for producing metal catalyst nanoparticles with a predetermined and/or narrow particle size distribution, and/or a predetermined size, wherein the method comprising a first quenching step and a second quenching step, which may, at least in part, determine the obtained metal catalyst nanoparticles' particle size distribution and/or size.

Abstract: A method for producing metal catalyst nanoparticles with a predetermined and/or narrow particle size distribution, and/or a predetermined size, wherein the method comprising a first quenching step and a second quenching step, which may, at least in part, determine the obtained metal catalyst nanoparticles' particle size distribution and/or size.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods for producing indium nanoparticles. The methods comprise dissolving indium chloride in a solution that includes a solvent and a surfactant, adding a reducing agent to the reaction mixture to form an agglomerate of In nanoparticles, and exposing the reaction mixture to a gas including oxygen to disperse the agglomerate into a plurality of individual indium nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods for preparing ruthenium nanoparticles characterized by face centered cubic crystallographic structure characterized by small particle size, substantially homogeneous particle size distribution, substantially uniform spherical shape, and substantial high temperature stability. The present disclosure further provides for methods for preparing ruthenium nanoparticles characterized by face hexagonal close packed crystallographic structure characterized by small particle size, substantially homogeneous particle size distribution, substantially uniform spherical shape, and substantial high temperature stability.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods for producing indium nanoparticles. The methods comprise dissolving indium chloride in a solution that includes a solvent and a surfactant, adding a reducing agent to the reaction mixture to form an agglomerate of In nanoparticles, and exposing the reaction mixture to a gas including oxygen to disperse the agglomerate into a plurality of individual indium nanoparticles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods for preparing ruthenium nanoparticles characterized by face centered cubic crystallographic structure characterized by small particle size, substantially homogeneous particle size distribution, substantially uniform spherical shape, and substantial high temperature stability. The present disclosure further provides for methods for preparing ruthenium nanoparticles characterized by face hexagonal close packed crystallographic structure characterized by small particle size, substantially homogeneous particle size distribution, substantially uniform spherical shape, and substantial high temperature stability.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to methods for producing a single-walled carbon nanotube in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) reactor. The methods comprise contacting liquid catalyst droplets and a carbon source in the reactor, and forming a single walled carbon nanotube at the surface of the liquid catalyst droplets.