Abstract: The present disclosure provides a high-precision time synchronization method. With the method, a traditional time synchronization protocol of a traditional IEEE 1588 network can be improved by introducing a periodic perturbation time between any two nodes in the time synchronization network, the perturbation time can be caused by changing the lengths of transmission paths or introducing clock phase perturbation due to different clock frequencies in the transistor and the receiver. With the method, the relevance of resulting errors of multiple synchronizations can be eliminated, and the perturbation can be compensated by means of statistical averaging, such that the synchronization error due to the low clock resolution of the synchronization node can be decreased. The method may realize the time synchronization at the precision of nanosecond, having significant advantages over the traditional time synchronization method based on IEEE 1588 protocol.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a high-precision time synchronization method. With the method, a traditional time synchronization protocol of a traditional IEEE 1588 network can be improved by introducing a periodic perturbation time between any two nodes in the time synchronization network, the perturbation time can be caused by changing the lengths of transmission paths or introducing clock phase perturbation due to different clock frequencies in the transistor and the receiver. With the method, the relevance of resulting errors of multiple synchronizations can be eliminated, and the perturbation can be compensated by means of statistical averaging, such that the synchronization error due to the low clock resolution of the synchronization node can be decreased. The method may realize the time synchronization at the precision of nanosecond, having significant advantages over the traditional time synchronization method based on IEEE 1588 protocol.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided in which a source and target perform bidirectional forwarding of traffic while a migration guest is being transferred from the source to the target. In some examples, the migration guest is exposed to the impending migration and takes an action in response. A virtual network programming controller informs other devices in the network of the change, such that those devices may communicate directly with the migration guest on the target host. According to some examples, an “other” virtual network device in communication with the controller and the target host facilitates the seamless migration. In such examples, the forwarding may be performed only until the other virtual machine receives an incoming packet from the target host, and then the other virtual machine resumes communication with the migration guest on the target host.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided in which a source and target perform bidirectional forwarding of traffic while a migration guest is being transferred from the source to the target. In some examples, the migration guest is exposed to the impending migration and takes an action in response. A virtual network programming controller informs other devices in the network of the change, such that those devices may communicate directly with the migration guest on the target host. According to some examples, an “other” virtual network device in communication with the controller and the target host facilitates the seamless migration. In such examples, the forwarding may be performed only until the other virtual machine receives an incoming packet from the target host, and then the other virtual machine resumes communication with the migration guest on the target host.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided in which a source and target perform bidirectional forwarding of traffic while a migration guest is being transferred from the source to the target. In some examples, the migration guest is exposed to the impending migration and takes an action in response. A virtual network programming controller informs other devices in the network of the change, such that those devices may communicate directly with the migration guest on the target host. According to some examples, an “other” virtual network device in communication with the controller and the target host facilitates the seamless migration. In such examples, the forwarding may be performed only until the other virtual machine receives an incoming packet from the target host, and then the other virtual machine resumes communication with the migration guest on the target host.

Abstract: An all-optical time slice switching method based on time synchronization is provided. With the method, continuous data streams in an optical network are assembled to time domain periodic optical time slices and are transmitted in an asynchronous transmission mode. Network nodes obtain high precision synchronization time via a network and control optical switches to switch arriving optical time slices to a target port at precise time points periodically, therefore all-optical switching is implemented. When a connection request arrives, an available path, a wavelength and time slots to be occupied are calculated by a source node according to information on available time slots of the optical network, and the time slots are reserved by a connection management module. After the time slots are reserved, the source node send optical time slices carrying services periodically at reserved time slots. A destination node restores the optical time slices to the data streams.

Abstract: An all-optical time slice switching method based on time synchronization is provided. With the method, continuous data streams in an optical network are assembled to time domain periodic optical time slices and are transmitted in an asynchronous transmission mode. Network nodes obtain high precision synchronization time via a network and control optical switches to switch arriving optical time slices to a target port at precise time points periodically, therefore all-optical switching is implemented. When a connection request arrives, an available path, a wavelength and time slots to be occupied are calculated by a source node according to information on available time slots of the optical network, and the time slots are reserved by a connection management module. After the time slots are reserved, the source node send optical time slices carrying services periodically at reserved time slots. A destination node restores the optical time slices to the data streams.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided in which a source and target perform bidirectional forwarding of traffic while a migration guest is being transferred from the source to the target. In some examples, the migration guest is exposed to the impending migration and takes an action in response. A virtual network programming controller informs other devices in the network of the change, such that those devices may communicate directly with the migration guest on the target host. According to some examples, an “other” virtual network device in communication with the controller and the target host facilitates the seamless migration. In such examples, the forwarding may be performed only until the other virtual machine receives an incoming packet from the target host, and then the other virtual machine resumes communication with the migration guest on the target host.

Abstract: A variable-stride multi-pattern matching apparatus segments patterns and input streams into variable-size blocks according to a modified winnowing algorithm. The variable-stride pattern segments are used to determine the block-symbol alphabet for a variable-stride discrete finite automaton (VS-DFA) that is used for detecting the patterns in the input streams. Applications include network-intrusion detection and protection systems, genome matching, and forensics. The modification of the winnowing algorithm includes using special hash values to determine the position of delimiters of the patterns and input streams. The delimiters mark the beginnings and ends of the segments. In various embodiments, the patterns are segmented into head, core, and tail blocks. The approach provides for memory, memory-bandwidth, and processor-cycle efficient, deterministic, high-speed, line-rate pattern matching.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a plurality of stages that are coupled in series and configured to implement a hash function, wherein the stages comprise a plurality of XOR arrays and one or more Substitution-Boxes (S-Boxes) that comprise a plurality of parallel gates. Also disclosed is an apparatus comprising a plurality of XOR gates that are coupled in parallel, a plurality of input bits coupled to the XOR gates, and a plurality of output bits coupled to the XOR gates, wherein the XOR gates are configured to implement a linear mixing function of the input bits into the output bits as a stage of a non-cryptographic hash function.

Abstract: A variable-stride multi-pattern matching apparatus segments patterns and input streams into variable-size blocks according to a modified winnowing algorithm. The variable-stride pattern segments are used to determine the block-symbol alphabet for a variable-stride discrete finite automaton (VS-DFA) that is used for detecting the patterns in the input streams. Applications include network-intrusion detection and protection systems, genome matching, and forensics. The modification of the winnowing algorithm includes using special hash values to determine the position of delimiters of the patterns and input streams. The delimiters mark the beginnings and ends of the segments. In various embodiments, the patterns are segmented into head, core, and tail blocks. The approach provides for memory, memory-bandwidth, and processor-cycle efficient, deterministic, high-speed, line-rate pattern matching.