Abstract: A tube support structure for heat transfer tubes in a steam generator has a plurality of tube support bars which are installed between the heat transfer tubes. At least one of the support bars has a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer is preferably spot welded to the second metal layer at intervals. The first metal layer and second metal layer have different thermal expansion coefficients so that at room temperature the support bar is flat, and at the operating temperature of the steam generator the first layer forms a convex shape between the intervals to support the adjacent tube.

Abstract: A tube support structure for heat transfer tubes in a steam generator has a plurality of tube support bars which are installed between the heat transfer tubes. At least one of the support bars has a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer is preferably spot welded to the second metal layer at intervals. The first metal layer and second metal layer have different thermal expansion coefficients so that at room temperature the support bar is flat, and at the operating temperature of the steam generator the first layer forms a convex shape between the intervals to support the adjacent tube.

Abstract: A tube support structure for heat transfer tubes in a steam generator has a plurality of tube support bars which are installed between the heat transfer tubes. At least one of the support bars has a first metal layer and a second metal layer. The first metal layer is preferably spot welded to the second metal layer at intervals. The first metal layer and second metal layer have different thermal expansion coefficients so that at room temperature the support bar is flat, and at the operating temperature of the steam generator the first layer forms a convex shape between the intervals to support the adjacent tube.

Abstract: An improved diaphragm for use with a gasket to prevent leakage of a pressurized fluid. The diaphragm has an internal groove which uses strong spring back and the pressure of the fluid to increase the gasket seating load, thereby providing a self-energizing seal which can accommodate changes in gasket load due to changes in fluid pressure. In one embodiment, a ring is shrink-fit or press-fit about the outer side edge of the diaphragm which improves strength and reduces the material cost.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying relatively cool feedwater to a heated pressure vessel, while moderating the thermal gradients within the apparatus and the pressure vessel. The feedwater apparatus is generally comprised of a feedwater inlet nozzle, thermal sleeve and sparger assembly which is structured to provide a thermal barrier and to lengthen the path of heat conduction through the feedwater inlet nozzle; to insure adequate support for the thermal sleeve and the sparger; to improve feedwater flow through the thermal sleeve and the sparger; and to facilitate the inspection and repair of the welds used to structure the feedwater apparatus.

Abstract: An improved support for a tube bundle of a nuclear steam generator has a pair of plates separated by spacers and holding slotted disc springs used to mount tubes through tube holes of the pair of plates. The slotted disc springs deform upon installation and substantially eliminate tube vibration during use, thereby extending the useful life of the tubes. At the same time, the springs limit the pressure drop between sides of the support and enhance the heat transfer from the tubes.

Abstract: An internally threaded, segmented nut and conical bore for a pressure vessel are used to make removal of studs securing covers over openings through the pressure vessel wall. The segmented nut has a conical upper surface to mate with a corresponding surface of the conical bore when the stud is threaded through the internal thread of the nut and a load is applied. The segmented nut is easily replaced and the stud is easily removable due to the shape of the nut and bore. The segmented nut eliminates drilling and rethreading the bore to repair damaged threads.

Abstract: An improved diaphragm for use with a gasket to prevent leakage of a pressurized fluid. The diaphragm has an internal groove which uses strong spring back and the pressure of the fluid to increase the gasket seating load, thereby providing a self-energizing seal which can accommodate changes in gasket load due to changes in fluid pressure. In one embodiment, a ring is shrink-fit or press-fit about the outer side edge of the diaphragm which improves strength and reduces the material cost.