Abstract: A color image forming apparatus has developing unit, an image bearing member capable of bearing thereon toner images of plural colors formed by the developing unit, a rotatable intermediate transferring member, transferring unit for transferring the toner images of plural colors on the image bearing member to the intermediate transferring member at a first transferring position in electrostatically superposed relationship with one another, and a charger for charging any residual toner remaining on the intermediate transferring member after the toner images on the intermediate transferring member transferred by the transferring unit have been transferred to a transfer material at a second transferring position to a polarity opposite to the regular charging polarity of the toners in the developing unit.

Abstract: It is an object of this invention to provide an image processing apparatus which, when nonmagnetic mono-component development is performed, prevents the formation of white gaps in pattern boundaries between different colors and thereby prevents degradation in the image quality of the formed image. To achieve this object, in one embodiment of the invention, the density value VD(n) of the nth pixel on a certain line is applied to the A input terminal of a selector 207, and the density value VD(n-1) of the (n-1)th pixel is applied to the B input terminal of the selector 207. A subtracter 203 calculates the increase of VD(n) from VD(n-1). If a comparator 204 determines that the increase is a predetermined value C1 or less, a selection signal in the selector 207 is so set that the terminal B (the value of the immediately preceding pixel) is selected.

Abstract: In an image forming apparatus according to the present invention, the toner images of the plural colors on the intermediate transfer member are electrostatically transferred to a transfer material, and the image forming charges the toner image of a color, among the toner images of the plural colors formed on the intermediate transfer member, different from the last color in such a manner that the charge amount per unit weight of the toner image of the different color becomes 0.5 to 1.5 times of the charge amount per unit weight of the toner image of the last color, after the formation of the toner image of the last color on the intermediate transfer member and prior to the transfer of the toner images of the plural colors on the intermediate transfer member to the transfer material.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing a toner image; a movable intermediary transfer belt extended around a plurality of supporting shafts, the intermediary transfer belt includes a core member and elastic layers sandwiching the core member, wherein a toner image on the image bearing member is transferred onto the intermediary transfer belt, and the toner image on the intermediary transfer belt is transferred onto a transfer material; wherein a distance r (mm) between a center of such one of the supporting shafts as has a minimum diameter and a center of the core member, a distance L.sub.1 (mm) between the center of the core member and a surface of the intermediary transfer belt where toner image transfer occurs, a distance L.sub.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an image; an intermediary transfer member onto which an image is transferred from the image bearing member at a first transfer position and from which the image thus transferred is transferred onto a transfer material at a second transfer position; a contact member provided at an image bearing side of the intermediary transfer member, the contact member being capable of forming a nip between the intermediary transfer member; a supporting member for supporting the intermediary transfer member at a position opposite from the nip; a sum of a resistance value of the contact member and a resistance value of the supporting member is not more than 1/10 of a resistance value of the intermediary transfer member; and the contact member and the supporting member are contacted to the intermediary transfer member, and when no transfer material is present at the nip, a voltage is detected while a predetermined current is applied between the contact mem

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for carrying toner images of different colors; a rotatable intermediary transfer member to which the toner images are superimposedly transferred from said image bearing member onto said intermediary transfer member at a first transfer position, wherein the toner images are then transferred all together from said intermediary transfer member onto the transfer material at a second transfer position; wherein said intermediary transfer member includes an elastic layer having a thickness of 0.5-2 (mm), a coating layer, on said elastic layer, having a volume resistivity which is larger than that of said elastic layer, and said intermediary transfer member satisfies:T.ltoreq..tau..ltoreq.500 (sec)where .tau.

Abstract: There are disclosed a foamed rotary member having a surface of a foam, and a large number of cells provided in the foam and each having a prolate spheroid shape, wherein the major axis direction of the cell is along the rotation axis direction, and also a developing device using the foamed rotary member as a toner supplying rotary member.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image bearing belt wherein a toner image formed on an electrophotographic photosensitive member is temporarily transferred to the image bearing belt and the toner image transferred to the image bearing member is used in a system for transferring the toner image onto a transfer material. It comprises a rubber layer having a thickness of 0.5 mm or more, and a high resistive layer having at a transfer position where the toner image is transferred in an image forming apparatus, a thickness of 100 .mu.m or less and having an average net resistance value greater than that of the rubber layer at that transfer position by ten times or more, thereby forming a good multi toner image.

Abstract: A color image forming apparatus having a plurality of developers is disclosed. The apparatus includes a photosensitive drum, a density sensor for detecting a developed control toner image, CPU and RAM. The apparatus performs a first control for image formation based on a density of a control toner image developed by a first developer, a second control for image formation based on a density of a control toner image developed by a second developer, and determining whether the second control is to be performed based on the density of the control toner image developed by the first developer.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus for forming a toner image on a transfer material using an intermediary transfer member, includes a first image bearing member; toner image forming means for forming a toner image on said first image bearing member; an intermediary transfer member, as a second image bearing member, movable along an endless path in contact with said first image bearing member; first transfer means for transferring the toner image from said first image bearing member onto the intermediary transfer member at a first transfer position of said intermediary transfer member; second transfer means for transferring the toner image from said intermediary transfer member onto the transfer material at a second transfer position of said intermediary transfer member; wherein said intermediary transfer member comprises as a base material flexible rubber belt having a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm, and an actual resistance R.sub.B1 (Ohm) thereof and an electrostatic capacity C.sub.B1 (F) satisfy:R.sub.B1 <1/C.sub.B1.

Abstract: This specification discloses a developer regulating member and a developing device provided with this developer regulating member. The developer regulating member is provided with a blade having a rubber base member and thermoplastic resin layers provided on the both surfaces of the rubber base member, and a support member adhesively secured to one surface of the blade.

Abstract: A developing apparatus is provided which includes a developing chamber for containing a developer, a developer-carrying member for carrying and conveying the developer to a developing region, and a developer-supplying member abutted rotatably to the developer-carrying member. The developer-supplying member has surface-modifying powder at least at its surface. The powder has substantially no chargeability or a chargeability of a polarity equal to that of the developer and a magnitude in terms of absolute value equal to or smaller than that of the developer. By application of the surface-modifying powder, the developing apparatus can obviate a partial tearing of a surface portion of the developer-supplying member which leads to image defects and an increase in drive torque at the initial drive thereof.

Abstract: An elastic blade is provided with a rubber layer and a surface resin layer provided on the rubber layer, the surface resin layer satisfying the following condition:3.ltoreq.E.times.t.ltoreq.30,whereE: elastic modulus of the surface resin layer (Kg/cm.sup.2);t: thickness of the surface resin layer (cm).

Abstract: Provided is a novel polysaccharide derivative having a main structure of the following formula (1) in which a polysaccharide or its derivative has been chemically bonded to the inner and outer surfaces of the pores of a porous carrier at the reducing terminal of the polysaccharide or polysaccharide derivative: ##STR1## Also provided are a method of producing the novel polysaccharide derivative in which a silane agent is chemically bonded to a porous carrier and thereafter a polysaccharide having a degree of polymerization from 11 to 500 or its derivative is further chemically bonded to surface treated carrier at the reducing terminal of the polysaccharide or its derivative, and a method of producing the novel polysaccharide derivative in which a polysaccharide having a degree of polymerization from 11 to 500 or its derivative is chemically bonded to a silane agent at the reducing terminal of the polysaccharide or its derivative and thereafter the polysaccharide derivative is further chemically bonded to a por

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member, disposed opposed to an image bearing member, for carrying a developer; a developing bias voltage applying source for applying a developing bias voltage having an oscillating component to the developer carrying member to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on the image bearing member; wherein10.0.ltoreq.T11/(T11+T12).times.100.ltoreq.90.0,where T11 is a time period of a first step in which an electric field is formed in a direction for directing the developer from the developer carrying member toward the image bearing member in one cycle of the oscillating component of the developing bias voltage applied by the developing bias application source, and T12 is a time period of a third step between the first step and a second step in which an electric field is formed in a direction for directing the developer from the image bearing member to the developer carrying member, and T11/(T11+T12) is an inclination of the developing bias voltage.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an image, the image bearing member being rotatable at a first speed and a second speed which is different from the first speed, wherein during image formation on the image bearing member, the first speed is selected, and after completion of image formation on the image bearing member, a speed of rotation of the image bearing member is switchable from the first speed to the second speed; a discharger for electrically discharging the image bearing member at a discharging position, the discharger discharging the image bearing member at least one turn after the trailing edge of the image on the image bearing member passes through the discharging position and before the speed of the image bearing member is switched from the first speed to the second speed.

Abstract: By altering a developing bias, a plurality of patch images are formed on a photoconductor, and a density of each patch image is measured, thereby judging whether or not a target density value is within a range of the plurality of measured density values. If the target density value is outside the range, a developing bias which realizes the target density is obtained by an interpolation, in accordance with two measured density values that are closest to the target density value among a plurality of measured densities, and with a developing bias of two patch images that are related to these two measured density values.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including image forming unit for forming an unfixed image on a recording medium, a pair of fixing rotary members for fixing the unfixed image on the recording medium, a cleaning member for cleaning surfaces of the fixing rotary members, the fixing rotary members and the cleaning member being an integral unit separable from the apparatus, detection unit for detecting remaining quantity of the cleaning member, and a unit for requesting the exchange of the integral unit of the fixing rotary member pair and the cleaning member in response to the output of the detection unit.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a toner carrying member, disposed opposite an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image, for carrying toner to the image bearing member; an electric field forming device for forming an alternating electric field between the image bearing member and the toner carrying member, wherein the alternating electric field includes a first phase in which a constant electric field for urging the toner from said image bearing member toward said toner carrying member continues for a predetermined period, a second phase in which a constant electric field for urging the toner from said toner carrying member toward said image bearing member continues for a predetermined period, and a third phase in which the electric field gradually changes from that in the first phase to that in the second phase within a predetermined period .DELTA.T, and a controller for changing a ratio (.DELTA.T/T), where T is one period of the alternating electric field.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an image of toner and a charging member contactable to the image bearing member to charge the image bearing member. The charging member is adapted to receive a voltage and the toner has a melt index of not less than 0.5 g/10 min. In the apparatus,P/(V.times.L).ltoreq.50J/m.sup.2where v is a movement speed of the image bearing member when the image bearing member is charged by the charging member (m/sec), L is an effective charging length of the charging member, measured in a direction perpendicular to the movement direction of the image bearing member (m), and P is an amount of electric power consumed by the charging member (W).