Abstract: A computer system of this invention includes a power input terminal which is provided outside a personal computer, and an external fuel cell assembly connected to the power input terminal. Hence, a computer system in which water produced from the fuel cell assembly is prevented from entering the computer can be provided. A personal computer for which an operation mode for deriving the personal computer by a fuel cell assembly is prepared to prevent any trouble due to user's misunderstanding can be provided.

Abstract: A signal processor 12 acquires a second signal obtained by detecting a first signal, as a signal of the real world, having a first dimension. The second signal is of a second dimension lower than the first dimension and has distortion relative to the first signal. The signal processor 12 performs signal processing which is based on the second signal to generate a third signal alleviated in distortion as compared to the second signal.

Abstract: A signal processor 12 acquires a second signal obtained by detecting a first signal, as a signal of the real world, having a first dimension. The second signal is of a second dimension lower than the first dimension and has distortion relative to the first signal. The signal processor 12 performs signal processing which is based on the second signal to generate a third signal alleviated in distortion as compared to the second signal.

Abstract: A signal processor 12 acquires a second signal obtained by detecting a first signal, as a signal of the real world, having a first dimension. The second signal is of a second dimension lower than the first dimension and has distortion relative to the first signal. The signal processor 12 performs signal processing which is based on the second signal to generate a third signal alleviated in distortion as compared to the second signal.

Abstract: A signal processor 12 acquires a second signal obtained by detecting a first signal, as a signal of the real world, having a first dimension. The second signal is of a second dimension lower than the first dimension and has distortion relative to the first signal. The signal processor 12 performs signal processing which is based on the second signal to generate a third signal alleviated in distortion as compared to the second signal.

Abstract: Provided is a (meth)acrylic resin emulsion comprising, as a dispersant, a vinyl alcohol polymer having a degree of saponification of from 80 to 95 mol % and a degree of polymerization of from 400 to 2000 and, as a dispersoid, a polymer comprising at least one type of monomer units selected from acrylate monomer units and methacrylate monomer units, which has a “factor a” of at least 0.3 that indicates the particle size distribution width of the emulsion and of which the film formed at 20° C. to have a thickness of 500 ?m has a tensile strength of at least 100 kg/cm2. The emulsion is excellent in all its film strength, film transparency and mechanical stability and further in its alkali resistance.

Abstract: The present invention enables processing results which are more accurate and which have higher precision as to events of the real world to be obtained. A non-continuity component extracting unit 201 detects discontinuity portions of pixel values of multiple pixels in an input image. A peak detecting unit 202 detects a peak of change of pixel values from a discontinuity portion. A monotonous increase/decrease detecting unit 203 detects monotonous increase/decrease regions wherein pixel values increase or decrease monotonously from the peak. A continuousness detecting unit 204 detects a monotonous increase/decrease region where another monotonous increase/decrease region of the monotonous increase/decrease regions exists at an adjacent position on the screen, as a continuity region having data continuity. A data continuity direction detecting unit 301 detects the direction of continuousness of the continuity region.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing device and method, and a program, capable of obtaining processing results which are even more accurate and even more precise as to events in the real world, taking into consideration the real world where data has been acquired. In the event that the light signal in the actual world 1 represented with the light signal function F has predetermined continuity, the actual world estimating unit 102 estimates the light signal function F by approximating the light signal function F with a predetermined approximation function f using weighting provided in accordance with importance to the pixels within an input image (image data including continuity of data corresponding to continuity) from the sensor 2, and data continuity information (data continuity information corresponding to continuity of the input image data) from the data continuity detecting unit 101. The present invention can be applied to an image processing device.

Abstract: With the present invention, data continuity is used at the time of converting an input image into high-quality image data with higher quality than the input image data, to obtain processing results which are more accurate and have higher precision. A class tap extracting unit (902) and prediction tap extracting unit (906) extract a class tap and prediction tap based on data continuity of multiple perimeter pixels corresponding to a pixel of interest in the input image, detected by a data continuity detecting unit (901).

Abstract: The present invention relates an image processing device and method, recording medium, and program. A simple-type angle detecting unit 901 simply detects the angle as continuity using correlation from an input image. A determining unit 902, based on the angle thus simply obtained, connects a switch 903 to a terminal 903a in the event the angle is closer to the horizontal direction or the vertical direction, and outputs the angle information simply detected to a regression-type angle detecting unit 904. The regression-type angle detecting unit 904 statistically detects and outputs the angle as continuity in a regression equation. On the other hand, in the event that the angle as continuity simply obtained is closer to 45 degrees, the determining unit 902 connects the switch 903 and a terminal 903b. At this time, a gradient-type angle detecting unit 905 detects and outputs the direction of continuity from the input image in a gradient equation.

Abstract: The invention provides a polyvinyl acetal having a degree of acetalization of from 45 to 80 mol %, which is obtained through acetalization of a polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of from 30 to 1000 and a degree of hydrolysis of from 80.0 to 99.99 mol % and having a specific amount of an ionic group bonded to the terminal thereof via a sulfido bond. The polyvinyl acetal of the invention is useful for binders for ceramic forming and for binders for ink or paint.

Abstract: The present invention takes into consideration the real world where data was acquired, and enables obtaining of processing results which are more accurate and more precise as to phenomena in the real world. A data continuity detecting unit 101 detects the continuity of data of second signals, having second dimensions that are fewer than first dimensions had by first signals which are real world signals and are projected whereby a part of the continuity of the real world signals is lost, wherein the continuity to be detected corresponds to the continuity of the real world signals that has been lost. An actual world estimating unit 102 estimates a real world image by estimating the continuity of the real world image that has been lost, based on the continuity of the data detected by the data continuity detecting unit 101.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to make it possible to adjust the amount of motion blur contained in a blurred image. A unit-of-processing determining portion 901 determines the unit of processing which is formed of pixel data located on a straight line. An equation generator 903 generates simultaneous equations consisting of a plurality of relational expressions based on the unit of processing. A calculator 904 generates foreground object components in which the amount of motion blur is adjusted by solving the simultaneous equations. The present invention can be applied to an image processing apparatus in which a difference between a signal detected by a sensor and the real world is taken into consideration.

Abstract: The invention is a polyvinyl alcohol film having an YI value of at most 20, which is formed of a modified polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of polymerization of from 1500 to 5000, an ethylene unit content of from 1 to 4 mol % and a 1,2-glycol bond content of at most 1.4 mol %. The polyvinyl alcohol film gives polarizing films that contain no impurities and have good polarization performance, durability and hue stability.

Abstract: An optical semiconductor device and optical semiconductor integrated circuit are provided by combining, on a semiconductor substrate, materials having different refractive indices and different temperature dependence of the refractive indices. In particular, it becomes possible to control the temperature dependence of the oscillation wavelength with a propagating region having a material and/or structure whose temperature dependence of the refractive index is different from that of a gain region of the semiconductor laser. In addition, they can be configured to have a plurality of interfaces formed along the waveguide direction of the optical waveguide so that the light reflected off the first interface is weakened by the light reflected from the remaining interfaces. Also, they can be configured with the interfaces inclined to the propagating direction so that the waveguide loss due to the reflection and refraction between the optical waveguides whose refractive indices differ from each other can be reduced.

Abstract: The invention provides a polyvinyl acetal having a degree of acetalization of from 45 to 80 mol %, which is obtained through acetalization of a polyvinyl alcohol that contains from 1 to 15 mol % of ?-olefin units and has a 1,2-glycol bond content of from 1 to 3 mol %, a degree of polymerization of from 100 to 2000 and a degree of hydrolysis of from 80.0 to 99.99 mol %. The polyvinyl acetal has good waterproofness and good compatibility with plasticizer. Having the advantages, it is favorable for interlayer films for laminated glass, binders for ceramic forming, binders for ink or paint, and coating liquids for thermally-developable photographic materials.

Abstract: A coefficient data generating apparatus includes a coefficient data generator and an estimation predictive calculation circuit. The coefficient data generator generates for each class coefficient data for an estimation expression which is used to obtain horizontal and vertical resolution corresponding to parameters input from a remote control transmitter by a user. The coefficient data is stored in a coefficient data memory. The estimation predictive calculation circuit generates based on an estimation expression HD pixel data constituting an output picture signal by using other coefficient data read from the coefficient data memory, and SD pixel data of prediction taps. The coefficient data is generated by linearly adding pieces of coefficient-generating data, and the output picture signal can be obtained so as to corresponds to the input parameters. This makes it possible to freely control the resolution of a displayed picture.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel polyvinyl acetal having N-vinylamide monomer units in the molecule, and provides a binder with the novel polymer for ink or paint and for ceramic forming. Compared with conventional polyvinyl acetals, the novel polymer lowers the solution viscosity and increases the solid content (pigment content) of ink or paint in which the polymer serves as a binder. The binder with the novel polymer for ceramic molding enables production of thin and homogeneous ceramic green sheets of high strength.

Abstract: The invention is a film of a vinyl alcohol polymer that contains from 0.01 to 20 mol % of cationic group-containing units and contains from 0.5 to 24 mol % of ?-olefin units having at most 4 carbon atoms. The polyvinyl alcohol film gives polarizing films and polarizer which are resistant to water and have good polarizing properties and which are free from a problem of irregular coloration.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to enable the detection of a mixture ratio indicating the mixture state of a plurality of objects, such as a background image and a moving object image. A normal-equation adder 541 extracts mixed pixel data according to a motion, and also extracts background pixel data corresponding to the mixed pixel data so as to generate relational expressions for a designated pixel. A normal-equation calculator 542 detects the mixture ratio indicating the mixture state of the objects based on the relational expressions. The normal-equation adder 541 generates the plurality of relational expressions based on a first approximation in which foreground object components change substantially linearly, and a second approximation in which the mixture ratio changes substantially linearly. The present invention is applicable to a signal processing apparatus for processing images.