Abstract: There is provided a light emitting device that can be used as a light guide plate and has an excellent antireflection function to extraneous light, and an optical body includes: a base material; a macro concave-convex structure that is formed on one surface of the base material and emits internally propagating light that is injected in an inside of the base material from a side surface of the base material, from another surface of the base material; and a micro concave-convex structure formed periodically to follow each of both surfaces of the base material and a surface of the macro concave-convex structure, and having an average period of concavity and convexity of less than or equal to a wavelength of visible light. The surface of the macro concave-convex structure has an inclined surface, and an arrangement of the micro concave-convex structure is a zigzag arrangement.

Abstract: The micro-lens array is a micro-lens array in which a plurality of micro-lenses are arranged in a matrix in a plan view, wherein each of the plurality of micro-lenses has four main sides in a plan view, and each of the four main sides is inclined with respect to a row virtual line parallel to a row direction or a column virtual line parallel to a column direction.

Abstract: Provided is a depolarizing plate having a superior degree of depolarization to conventional depolarizing plates. The depolarizing plate includes a light-transmitting substrate having a surface layer portion in which a fine pattern is provided that includes a plurality of curved lines randomly disposed at a pitch of no greater than a wavelength of light, and that exhibits structural birefringence.

Abstract: The optical system includes: a coherent light source; and a fixed diffusion plate and a relative movement diffusion plate which intersect with a traveling direction of light emitted from the coherent light source, wherein the fixed diffusion plate emits a light having a rectangular shape from an incident light, and wherein, in the relative movement diffusion plate, a diffusion surface of the light moves relative to the incident light.

Abstract: Provided is a fine concave-convex laminate that is reduced in thickness, has excellent antireflection performance, and can suppress scattering and absorption of short-wavelength light. A fine concave-convex laminate comprises a substrate, a first transparent organic layer, and a second transparent organic layer laminated in the stated order, wherein the first transparent organic layer has a fine concave-convex structure at a surface facing the second transparent organic layer, the second transparent organic layer has fine concave-convex structures at both surfaces, and a thickness of a composite layer composed of the first transparent organic layer and the second transparent organic layer is 15 ?m or less.

Abstract: There is provided a method to manufacture a diffuser plate with better productivity and exhibiting an excellent diffusion property and having excellent durability with respect to light having large coherence, the microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuously set in array, the unit cell includes a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate, and ridge lines between the microlenses adjacent to each other are nonparallel to each other, and are nonparallel to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: To provide a polarization element having good polarization properties and excellent in heat dissipation property and manufacturing costs. In order to solve the above problem, a polarization element 1 of the present disclosure includes a substrate 10 made of a transparent inorganic material; a grid structural body 20 which is made of a transparent material, and includes a base portion 21 provided along a surface of the substrate 10 and protruding portions 22 protruding from the base portion 21 in a grid; and an optical functional layer 30 which is formed on the protruding portions 22, and includes an absorptive layer for absorbing light, a reflective layer for reflecting light, or a multilayer having at least the absorptive layer and the reflective layer.

Abstract: There is provided a microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The microlens group at least corresponding to a light ray entering part in the microlens array diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuous in an array sequence, and the unit cells include a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate. The light ray entering part has at least two regions having different average diffusion angles.

Abstract: There is provided a novel and improved optical body, method for manufacturing an optical body, light-emitting apparatus, and display apparatus for amusement equipment capable of improving emitted luminance and transparency, the optical body including: a base material; and a light extraction section, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that extracts internally propagated light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. The light extraction section includes a concave-convex structure in which at least one of concavities and convexities has a frustum shape, a fill ratio of the concave-convex structure is 15% or greater, and a light transmittance is 50% or greater.

Abstract: There is provided a novel and improved optical body, method for manufacturing an optical body, light-emitting apparatus, and image display apparatus capable of improving emitted luminance and transparency, the optical body including: a base material; and a light extraction section, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that extracts internally propagated light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. The light extraction section includes a concave-convex structure in which at least one of concavities and convexities has a frustum shape, a fill ratio of the concave-convex structure is 15% or greater, and a light transmittance is 50% or greater.

Abstract: There is provided a method to manufacture a diffuser plate with better productivity and exhibiting an excellent diffusion property and having excellent durability with respect to light having large coherence, the microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuously set in array, the unit cell includes a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate, and ridge lines between the microlenses adjacent to each other are nonparallel to each other, and are nonparallel to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a method to manufacture a diffuser plate with better productivity and exhibiting an excellent diffusion property and having excellent durability with respect to light having large coherence, the microlens array diffuser plate including: a microlens group positioned on a surface of a transparent substrate. The diffuser plate includes two or more unit cells that are continuously set in array, the unit cell includes a plurality of microlenses positioned on the surface of the transparent substrate, and ridge lines between the microlenses adjacent to each other are nonparallel to each other, and are nonparallel to the transparent substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a light emitting device that can be used as a light guide plate and has an excellent antireflection function to extraneous light, and an optical body includes: a base material; a macro concave-convex structure that is formed on one surface of the base material and emits internally propagating light that is injected in an inside of the base material from a side surface of the base material, from another surface of the base material; and a micro concave-convex structure formed periodically to follow each of both surfaces of the base material and a surface of the macro concave-convex structure, and having an average period of concavity and convexity of less than or equal to a wavelength of visible light. The surface of the macro concave-convex structure has an inclined surface, and an arrangement of the micro concave-convex structure is a zigzag arrangement.

Abstract: Provided is a depolarizing plate having a superior degree of depolarization to conventional depolarizing plates. The depolarizing plate includes a light-transmitting substrate having a surface layer portion in which a fine pattern is provided that includes a plurality of curved lines randomly disposed at a pitch of no greater than a wavelength of light, and that exhibits structural birefringence.

Abstract: Provided is a depolarizing plate having a superior degree of depolarization to conventional depolarizing plates. The depolarizing plate includes a light-transmitting substrate having a surface layer portion in which a fine pattern is provided that includes a plurality of curved lines randomly disposed at a pitch of no greater than a wavelength of light, and that exhibits structural birefringence.

Abstract: The micro-lens array is a micro-lens array in which a plurality of micro-lenses are arranged in a matrix in a plan view, wherein each of the plurality of micro-lenses has four main sides in a plan view, and each of the four main sides is inclined with respect to a row virtual line parallel to a row direction or a column virtual line parallel to a column direction.

Abstract: In order to provide an optical device and a diffusion plate which has high transmittance and is capable of reducing speckle noise, the present it is a diffusion plate 1 in which a plurality of microlens cells 11 are arranged on both surfaces of a transparent substrate 10, the diffusion plate 1 having a first microlens array 12A which is formed on one surface of the transparent substrate 10 and comprises a plurality of concave or convex microlens cells 11, and a second microlens array 12B which is formed on the other surface on the reverse side from the one surface and comprises a plurality of concave or convex microlens cells 11, and the diffusion plate 1 being configured so that light emitted from the microlens cells 11 constituting the first microlens array 12A is incident on the microlens cells 11 constituting the second microlens array 12B.

Abstract: There is provided a novel and improved optical body, method for manufacturing an optical body, light-emitting apparatus, and display apparatus for amusement equipment capable of improving emitted luminance and transparency, the optical body including: a base material; and a light extraction section, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that extracts internally propagated light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. The light extraction section includes a concave-convex structure in which at least one of concavities and convexities has a frustum shape, a fill ratio of the concave-convex structure is 15% or greater, and a light transmittance is 50% or greater.

Abstract: There is provided a novel and improved optical body, method for manufacturing an optical body, light-emitting apparatus, and image display apparatus capable of improving emitted luminance and transparency, the optical body including: a base material; and a light extraction section, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that extracts internally propagated light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. The light extraction section includes a concave-convex structure in which at least one of concavities and convexities has a frustum shape, a fill ratio of the concave-convex structure is 15% or greater, and a light transmittance is 50% or greater.

Abstract: There is provided an optical body including: a base material; a second optical layer, formed on at least one surface of the base material, that reduces a reflection of extraneous light; and a first optical layer, laminated on top of a part of the second optical layer, that extracts internally propagating light incident inside the base material from a side face of the base material to an outside of the base material. On a surface of the first optical layer, a first concave-convex structure that reflects the internally propagating light is formed.