Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid such as L-glutamic acid is provided. An L-amino acid is produced by culturing in a culture medium a bacterium belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae and having an L-amino acid-producing ability, and collecting the L-amino acid from the culture medium and/or cells of the bacterium, wherein the bacterium has been modified to have one or more of the following modifications: (A) modification of reducing the activity of a BudA protein; (B) modification of reducing the activity of a BudB protein; (C) modification of reducing the activity of a BudC protein; (D) modification of reducing the activity of a PAJ_3461 protein; (E) modification of reducing the activity of a PAJ_3462 protein; and (F) modification of reducing the activity of a PAJ_3463 protein.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire can include a pair of sidewall portions, where an outer surface of the sidewall portion can include a marking portion. The marking portion can include a first region forming a mark, a second region that is a background portion of the mark, and a fringing portion that demarcates the first region from the second region and fringes the contour of the mark. The first region can be formed as a smooth surface. The second region can be a projection-recess region where a plurality of micro projections are arranged. The fringing portion can be a rib projecting from the first region.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has a pair of sidewall portion 3. An outer surface of at least one of the pair of sidewall portions 3 includes a decorative region 5 extending in a tire circumferential direction. In the decorative region 5, a plurality of pattern elements 8 are arranged, whereby the decorative region 5 includes a plurality of circumferential pattern lines 6 in each of which the pattern elements 8 are aligned in the tire circumferential direction, and a plurality of radial pattern lines 7 in each of which the pattern elements 8 are aligned in a tire radial direction. In each circumferential pattern line 6, lengths in the tire circumferential direction of the pattern elements 8 are changed in the tire circumferential direction. In each radial pattern line 7, lengths in the tire radial direction of the pattern elements 8 are changed in the tire radial direction.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a package having an upper surface and an upward-opening recess defined in a portion of the upper surface, at least one light-emitting element in the recess, a light-transmissive member covering the opening of the recess, and an antireflection film on a lower surface of the light-transmissive member, the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and an upper surface of the package at a location where a portion of the lower surface of the light-transmissive member is bonded to the upper surface of the package via the antireflection film. A coating film is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surfaces of the light emitting device, the portion including a region where the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and the upper surface of the package is exposed.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes: a base having an upper face; a light emitting element mounted on the upper face of the base; one or more bonding members disposed on the upper face of the base outward of the light emitting element; a light transmissive member bonded to a portion of the upper face of the base by the one or more bonding members; and a protective film that continuously covers the light emitting element, the upper face of the base, lateral faces of the one or more bonding members, and a lower face of the light transmissive member. A gap is located between the upper face of the base and the lower face of the light transmissive member and configured to allow a space in which the light emitting element is mounted to communicate with an outside of the light emitting device, wherein the gap is defined by the upper face of the base, the lower face of the light transmissive member, and the one or more bonding members.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a package having an upper surface and an upward-opening recess defined in a portion of the upper surface, at least one light-emitting element in the recess, a light-transmissive member covering the opening of the recess, and an antireflection film on a lower surface of the light-transmissive member, the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and an upper surface of the package at a location where a portion of the lower surface of the light-transmissive member is bonded to the upper surface of the package via the antireflection film. A coating film is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surfaces of the light emitting device, the portion including a region where the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and the upper surface of the package is exposed.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a package having an upper surface and an upward-opening recess defined in a portion of the upper surface, at least one light-emitting element in the recess, a light-transmissive member covering the opening of the recess, and an antireflection film on a lower surface of the light-transmissive member, the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and an upper surface of the package at a location where a portion of the lower surface of the light-transmissive member is bonded to the upper surface of the package via the antireflection film. A coating film is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surfaces of the light emitting device, the portion including a region where the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and the upper surface of the package is exposed.

Abstract: A tyre includes a tread portion including a tread surface which is provided with grooves. At least one of the grooves includes a widening-width portion at least partially. The widening-width portion includes a first groove portion extending inwardly in a tyre radial direction from the tread surface, and a second groove portion located inwardly in the tyre radial direction of the first groove portion and having a groove width greater than that of the first groove portion.

Abstract: A tyre includes a tread portion including a tread surface which is provided with grooves. At least one of the grooves includes a widening-width portion at least partially. The widening-width portion includes a first groove portion extending inwardly in a tyre radial direction from the tread surface, and a second groove portion located inwardly in the tyre radial direction of the first groove portion and having a groove width greater than that of the first groove portion.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire has a pair of sidewall portion 3. An outer surface of at least one of the pair of sidewall portions 3 includes a decorative region 5 extending in a tire circumferential direction. In the decorative region 5, a plurality of pattern elements 8 are arranged, whereby the decorative region 5 includes a plurality of circumferential pattern lines 6 in each of which the pattern elements 8 are aligned in the tire circumferential direction, and a plurality of radial pattern lines 7 in each of which the pattern elements 8 are aligned in a tire radial direction. In each circumferential pattern line 6, lengths in the tire circumferential direction of the pattern elements 8 are changed in the tire circumferential direction. In each radial pattern line 7, lengths in the tire radial direction of the pattern elements 8 are changed in the tire radial direction.

Abstract: A light emitting device includes a package having an upper surface and an upward-opening recess defined in a portion of the upper surface, at least one light-emitting element in the recess, a light-transmissive member covering the opening of the recess, and an antireflection film on a lower surface of the light-transmissive member, the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and an upper surface of the package at a location where a portion of the lower surface of the light-transmissive member is bonded to the upper surface of the package via the antireflection film. A coating film is disposed on at least a portion of an outer surfaces of the light emitting device, the portion including a region where the antireflection film located between the lower surface of the light-transmissive member and the upper surface of the package is exposed.

Abstract: A tyre includes a tread portion including a tread surface which is provided with grooves. At least one of the grooves includes a widening-width portion at least partially. The widening-width portion includes a first groove portion extending inwardly in a tyre radial direction from the tread surface, and a second groove portion located inwardly in the tyre radial direction of the first groove portion and having a groove width greater than that of the first groove portion.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel boron compounds which are useful, depending on their characteristics, as light-emitting materials, electron-transport materials, electron-injection materials, hole-blocking materials, or organic semiconductor materials, and which have new molecular structures quite different from those of the heretofore known boron compounds; their production processes; and functional electronic devices using the same. The novel boron compounds are, for example, those of the following formula (1): These boron compounds can be produced by, for example, reacting boron compounds of the following formula (4): with compounds of the following formula (5): in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, and nickel. These boron compounds are used for the functional electronic devices.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel boron compounds which are useful, depending on their characteristics, as light-emitting materials, electron-transport materials, electron-injection materials, hole-blocking materials, or organic semiconductor materials, and which have new molecular structures quite different from those of the heretofore known boron compounds; their production processes; and functional electronic devices using the same. The novel boron compounds are, for example, those of the following formula (1): These boron compounds can be produced by, for example, reacting boron compounds of the following formula (4): with compounds of the following formula (5): in the presence of a catalyst containing at least one metal element selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, and nickel. These boron compounds are used for the functional electronic devices.