Abstract: Described herein are nucleic acid prodrugs and nucleic acid prodrugs comprising chiral phosphorous moieties. Also described herein are methods of making and using nucleic acid prodrugs and nucleic acid prodrugs comprising chiral phosphorous moieties.

Abstract: An in-vehicle cooling device includes: a header to be mounted so as to be adjacent to a side surface of a transformer mounted on a back side of a bottom portion of a vehicle, the header having a vertical surface along a traveling direction and a direction orthogonal to the travelling direction; a vertical-direction installed cooling pipe having both ends fixed to the header and being installed on a vertical plane orthogonal to the traveling direction; and a traveling-direction installed cooling pipe having both ends fixed to the header and being installed on a travel plane that is parallel to a horizontal plane, the vertical-direction installed cooling pipe and the traveling-direction installed cooling pipe being installed to overlap with each other in a direction orthogonal to the header.

Abstract: The present invention relates to chirally controlled oligonucleotides, chirally controlled oligonucleotide compositions, and the method of making and using the same. The invention specifically encompasses the identification of the source of certain problems with prior methodologies for preparing chiral oligonucleotides, including problems that prohibit preparation of fully chirally controlled compositions, particularly compositions comprising a plurality of oligonucleotide types. In some embodiments, the present invention provides chirally controlled oligonucleotide compositions. In some embodiments, the present invention provides methods of making chirally controlled oligonucleotides and chirally controlled oligonucleotide compositions.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for the synthesis of derivatives of thiosulfonate reagents. Said reagents have utility for the synthesis of phosphorothiotriesters from H-phosphonates in a stereospecific fashion.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus has a pilot holder having a hold face, a positioning pin having a tapered tip and supported by the pilot holder so that the tapered tip protrudes from the hold face of the pilot holder, a pad having a pad face that opposes the hold face of the pilot holder, and a movable member having a stop face that opposes the positioning pin and a relief hole for avoiding the tapered tip of the positioning pin from hitting the stop face, the movable member resiliently supported on the pad. The pilot holder and the pad in which the thin plate material is set between the hold face and the pad face relatively move to insert the tapered tip of the positioning pin into the positioning hole of the thin plate material. The stop face is flush with or protruding from the pad face of the pad.

Abstract: Described herein are nucleic acid prodrugs and nucleic acid prodrugs comprising chiral phosphorous moieties. Also described herein are methods of making and using nucleic acid prodrugs and nucleic acid prodrugs comprising chiral phosphorous moieties.

Abstract: An indoor unit includes a casing having a suction port formed in an upper part and a blow-out port formed on a lower side at a front face part, an axial-flow or diagonal-flow fan provided on the downstream side of the suction port in the casing, and a heat exchanger provided on the downstream side of the fan and on the upstream side of the blow-out port in the casing, in which air blown out of the fan and refrigerant are heat-exchanged.

Abstract: A positioning apparatus for a thin plate material having a positioning hole, correctly and speedily positions the thin plate material in an in-plane direction without deforming the positioning hole. The apparatus has a pilot holder having a hold face, a positioning pin having a tapered tip and supported by the pilot holder so that the tapered tip protrudes from the hold face of the pilot holder, a pad having a pad face that opposes the hold face of the pilot holder, and a movable member having a stop face that opposes the positioning pin and a relief hole for avoiding the tapered tip of the positioning pin from hitting the stop face, the movable member resiliently supported on the pad so that the movable member is vertically movable.

Abstract: Disclosed are a kinematic-simulation method and a kinematic-simulation apparatus which enable simulation of the behavior of a mechanism by using a CAD figure by a simple operation. The kinematic-simulation method includes an interference operational method according to which a translation is continued until the figure associated with the operation (the driver) comes into contact with the figure associated with interference (the stop). When defining the driver translation, an interference operation is defined, whereby a translation amount (an angle or a vector) can be calculated within a computer. Accordingly, an operator does not input a rotation angle for rotation or a vector for translation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a graphics processing apparatus for plotting three-dimensional graphics by using a grid, and to a method of use of the apparatus. An arbitrary plane grid is displayed on a display screen, the displayed grid is variously changed and the three-dimensional graphic is plotted using the changed grid. The possible changes of the grid include a grid translation, a grid spacing change, a grid rotation, the selection of a grid display/non-display mode, coincidence/non-coincidence of the reference points of the graphic with the grid, and the like. Also, the apparatus executes a corner processing, including arc processing and straight line processing. In the arc processing, the corner processing is executed by selecting two straight lines and inputting a radius to define a corner joining the two lines; and in the straight line processing, the corner processing is executed by selecting two straight lines and inputting the length and angle of a line segment to join them.