Abstract: A switching element that has reduced switching voltage and leakage current and that demonstrates high reliability and low power consumption is achieved as a result of comprising: a first insulation layer in which first wiring mainly consisting of copper is embedded in a first wiring groove that opens upward; a second insulation layer which is formed on an upper surface of the first insulation layer and the first wiring and has an opening that reaches the first insulation layer and the first wiring; a first electrode which is the portion of the first wiring that is exposed from the opening; an oxygen supply layer which is formed on an upper surface of the second insulation layer, generates oxygen plasma during etching to form the opening in the second insulation layer, and remains at least in the vicinity of the opening of the upper surface of the second insulation layer; an ion conducting layer which is formed on the upper surface of the first insulation layer and the first electrode that are exposed from the

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a signal processor (signal processing device). The signal processor includes: a first terminal, into which one of a clock signal and a data signal is input; a second terminal, into which another one of the clock signal and the data signal is input; a storage unit, in which an address map is set to define an address permitting data writing and an address prohibiting data writing; a designation unit, configured to designate the address map set in the storage unit; and a processing unit, configured to write a data based on the data signal to the storage unit according to the address map designated by the designation unit. The designation unit may designate a first address map and a second address map different from the first address map.

Abstract: A control circuit controls a two-wire resistive touch panel. The two-wire resistive touch panel includes a first region and a second region which are adjacent to each other in a coordinate axis direction (X direction), and the first region has resistance per unit length lower than resistance per unit length of the second region. A measurement unit measures an electric signal having a correlation with impedance between two wires which are lead out from the resistive touch panel. A processing unit (i) determines that the first region is touched when the electric signal or the impedance obtained from the electric signal is included in a predetermined first range, (ii) determines that the second region is touched when the electric signal or the impedance obtained from the electric signal is included in a predetermined second range, and generates a touched coordinate.

Abstract: A touch detection circuit has a first terminal and a second terminal which are respectively coupled to a first electrode and a second electrode located adjacent to each other. The capacitance sensing circuit (i) senses first electrostatic capacitance formed by the first electrode in a space with a periphery including the second electrode, and (ii) senses, by a self-capacitance method, second electrostatic capacitance formed by the first electrode in a space with a periphery in a state where voltage of the second terminal is made to follow voltage of the first terminal. A signal processor detects water over the first electrode and the second electrode on the basis of a difference between the first electrostatic capacitance and the second electrostatic capacitance.

Abstract: A touch detection circuit has a first terminal and a second terminal which are respectively coupled to a first electrode and a second electrode located adjacent to each other. The capacitance sensing circuit (i) senses first electrostatic capacitance formed by the first electrode in a space with a periphery including the second electrode, and (ii) senses, by a self-capacitance method, second electrostatic capacitance formed by the first electrode in a space with a periphery in a state where voltage of the second terminal is made to follow voltage of the first terminal. A signal processor detects water over the first electrode and the second electrode on the basis of a difference between the first electrostatic capacitance and the second electrostatic capacitance.

Abstract: A control circuit controls a two-wire resistive touch panel. The two-wire resistive touch panel includes a first region and a second region which are adjacent to each other in a coordinate axis direction (X direction), and the first region has resistance per unit length lower than resistance per unit length of the second region. A measurement unit measures an electric signal having a correlation with impedance between two wires which are lead out from the resistive touch panel. A processing unit (i) determines that the first region is touched when the electric signal or the impedance obtained from the electric signal is included in a predetermined first range, (ii) determines that the second region is touched when the electric signal or the impedance obtained from the electric signal is included in a predetermined second range, and generates a touched coordinate.

Abstract: A control circuit of a touch panel is disclosed. The touch panel includes first and second terminals drawn from a first resistive film; and third and fourth terminals drawn from a second resistive film. The control circuit includes a coordinate detection circuit configured to generate an impedance detection signal for an impedance of the touch panel and a voltage detection signal for at least one of voltages of the first to fourth terminals, which are used for generating a coordinate touched by a user. The control circuit further includes a memory configured to store initial data corresponding to an initial state impedance of at least one predetermined path of the touch panel. A calibration circuit of the control circuit acquires an operation state impedance of the path and calibrate the coordinate detection circuit based on detection data corresponding to the operation state impedance and the initial state impedance.

Abstract: A control circuit of a touch panel is disclosed. The touch panel includes first and second terminals drawn from a first resistive film; and third and fourth terminals drawn from a second resistive film. The control circuit includes a coordinate detection circuit configured to generate an impedance detection signal for an impedance of the touch panel and a voltage detection signal for at least one of voltages of the first to fourth terminals, which are used for generating a coordinate touched by a user. The control circuit further includes a memory configured to store initial data corresponding to an initial state impedance of at least one predetermined path of the touch panel. A calibration circuit of the control circuit acquires an operation state impedance of the path and calibrate the coordinate detection circuit based on detection data corresponding to the operation state impedance and the initial state impedance.

Abstract: A virtual machine synchronization system for continually synchronizing, when an image file in a primary virtual machine is updated, an image file of a standby virtual machine with a difference from the image file before an update. A representative embodiment of the present invention includes: a management server; a primary agent which acquires a difference when an image file of a primary virtual machine is updated, and transmits the difference to the management server; and a standby agent which acquires, from the management server, a difference to be synchronized with an image file of a standby virtual machine, and synchronizes with the image file of the standby virtual machine.

Abstract: A first resistive film is arranged such that one edge thereof is connected to a first terminal, and an edge that is opposite to the aforementioned edge is connected to a second terminal. A second resistive film is arranged with a gap between it and the first resistive film such that one edge thereof is connected to a third terminal. A voltage generating unit applies a predetermined first bias voltage and a predetermined second bias voltage to the first terminal and the second terminal, respectively. A voltage detection unit detects a panel voltage that occurs at the third terminal. A current detection unit detects a panel current that flows through a path including the first terminal, the first resistive film, and the second terminal. A computation unit determines the coordinates touched by the user, based upon the values of the panel voltage and the panel current.

Abstract: A first resistive film is arranged such that one edge thereof is connected to a first terminal, and an edge that is opposite to the aforementioned edge is connected to a second terminal. A second resistive film is arranged with a gap between it and the first resistive film such that one edge thereof is connected to a third terminal. A voltage generating unit applies a predetermined first bias voltage and a predetermined second bias voltage to the first terminal and the second terminal, respectively. A voltage detection unit detects a panel voltage that occurs at the third terminal. A current detection unit detects a panel current that flows through a path including the first terminal, the first resistive film, and the second terminal. A computation unit determines the coordinates touched by the user, based upon the values of the panel voltage and the panel current.

Abstract: A first resistive film is arranged such that one edge thereof is connected to a first terminal, and an edge that is opposite to the aforementioned edge is connected to a second terminal. A second resistive film is arranged with a gap between it and the first resistive film such that one edge thereof is connected to a third terminal. A voltage generating unit applies a predetermined first bias voltage and a predetermined second bias voltage to the first terminal and the second terminal, respectively. A voltage detection unit detects a panel voltage that occurs at the third terminal. A current detection unit detects a panel current that flows through a path including the first terminal, the first resistive film, and the second terminal. A computation unit determines the coordinates touched by the user, based upon the values of the panel voltage and the panel current.

Abstract: A coordinate generating unit provisionally determines the X-coordinate of a point touched by the user based upon a first panel current and at least one of first and second panel voltages in a first state, and provisionally determines the Y-coordinate of the point touched by the user based upon at least a third panel voltage and a second panel current. When the user touches the two points, i.e., the first and second points, at the same time, the coordinate generating unit determines the coordinates of the first and second points by combining the two provisionally determined X-coordinates and the two provisionally determined Y-coordinates, based upon the magnitude relation between the first and second panel voltages.

Abstract: A coordinate generating unit provisionally determines the X-coordinate of a point touched by the user based upon a first panel current and at least one of first and second panel voltages in a first state, and provisionally determines the Y-coordinate of the point touched by the user based upon at least a third panel voltage and a second panel current. When the user touches the two points, i.e., the first and second points, at the same time, the coordinate generating unit determines the coordinates of the first and second points by combining the two provisionally determined X-coordinates and the two provisionally determined Y-coordinates, based upon the magnitude relation between the first and second panel voltages.

Abstract: A first resistive film is arranged such that one edge thereof is connected to a first terminal, and an edge that is opposite to the aforementioned edge is connected to a second terminal. A second resistive film is arranged with a gap between it and the first resistive film such that one edge thereof is connected to a third terminal. A voltage generating unit applies a predetermined first bias voltage and a predetermined second bias voltage to the first terminal and the second terminal, respectively. A voltage detection unit detects a panel voltage that occurs at the third terminal. A current detection unit detects a panel current that flows through a path including the first terminal, the first resistive film, and the second terminal. A computation unit determines the coordinates touched by the user, based upon the values of the panel voltage and the panel current.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and an image processing program, and an image processing method for making various operations be performed more comfortably. A rotation input section 14 is provided substantially at the center of a mobile phone 1. When the rotation input section 14 is rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, an image displayed on a display section 13 is rotated to be displayed. In addition, when the rotation input section 14 is pressed at an upper, lower, left or right portion thereof toward inside of the mobile phone 1, a display range of the image displayed on the display section 13 is switched. For example, in a case where a map is displayed, the map is rotated when the rotation input section 14 is rotated, and the map is scaled up/down when a predetermined position of the rotation input section 14 is pressed. The present invention may be applied to mobile phones.

Abstract: An element replacement type filter accommodates an element assembly that includes a filter element within a casing formed from a first casing member and a second casing member which are mutually screwable by relative rotation, and provides an anti-loosening mechanism between the first casing member and the second casing member. The anti-loosening mechanism comprises a regulating portion that is provide on an outer peripheral side of the first casing member; and a leaf spring member made of metal that is provided elastically deformable in a radial direction of the second casing member, with a base end side thereof fixed to an outer peripheral side of the second casing member. The leaf spring member has a free end side that is provided with a contact portion, which contacts the regulating portion due to relative rotation of the first casing member and the second casing member.

Abstract: An element replacement type filter accommodates an element assembly that includes a filter element within a casing formed from a first casing member and a second casing member which are mutually screwable by relative rotation, and provides an anti-loosening mechanism between the first casing member and the second casing member. The anti-loosening mechanism comprises a regulating portion that is provided on an outer peripheral side of the first casing member; and a leaf spring member made of metal that is provided elastically deformable in a radial direction of the second casing member, with a base end side thereof fixed to an outer peripheral side of the second casing member. The leaf spring member has a free end side that is provided with a contact portion, which contacts the regulating portion due to relative rotation of the first casing member and the second casing member.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing apparatus and an image processing program, and an image processing method for making various operations be performed more comfortably. A rotation input section 14 is provided substantially at the center of a mobile phone 1. When the rotation input section 14 is rotated in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, an image displayed on a display section 13 is rotated to be displayed. In addition, when the rotation input section 14 is pressed at an upper, lower, left or right portion thereof toward inside of the mobile phone 1, a display range of the image displayed on the display section 13 is switched. For example, in a case where a map is displayed, the map is rotated when the rotation input section 14 is rotated, and the map is scaled up/down when a predetermined position of the rotation input section 14 is pressed. The present invention may be applied to mobile phones.

Abstract: This invention is related to a method for recovery of aqueous wash in a phosphate chemical conversion of a shaped metal product involving carrying out chemical conversion and subsequent cleaning with water, wherein said cleaning with water is performed in one or more stages and comprises a step of withdrawing aqueous wash from a first cleaning stage and adjusting the pH of the wash with at least one acid selected from the group consisting of phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, hydrosilicofluoric acid and fluoroboric acid, a step of treating said pH-adjusted aqueous wash with a first reverse osmosis membrane to separate it into a first filtrate and a first concentrate, and a step of neutralizing said first filtrate with an alkali and treating the alkali-neutralized filtrate with a second reverse osmosis membrane to separate it into a second filtrate and a second concentrate, said first concentrate being recycled for said phosphate chemical conversion, said second filtrate being recycled as a