Abstract: To provide a coating composition useful to form an antireflection film having a refractive index lower than 1.4, excellent in water solubility and long-term stability in the form of a water solution. A coating composition containing a fluoropolymer having ionic functional groups (such as a fluoropolymer having polymer units of —CF2CF[O(CF2)3COOH]—), an acid and an aqueous medium.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (a) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene and/or chlorotrifluoroethylene, (b) polymerized units based on a fluorinated monomer (excluding tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene) and (c) polymerized units based on at least one member selected from the group consisting of itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, citraconic acid and citraconic anhydride, wherein (a) is from 50 to 99.8 mol %, (b) is from 0.1 to 49.99 mol %, and (c) is from 0.01 to 5 mol %, based on ((a)+(b)+(c)), and which has a volume flow rate of from 0.1 to 1000 mm3/sec.

Abstract: A molding material consisting of a fluorine-containing copolymer, which has a metal elution index ? of at most 10 as the total amount in ng of metals of Na, Mg, Cu, Cr, Ni, K, Ca and Fe per 1 g of the molding material, as obtained by elution analysis of the molding material with nitric acid.

Abstract: A multi-layer hose having a multi-layer structure comprising an inner layer (I) made of a fluorocopolymer and an outer layer (II) made of a polyamide resin, wherein the fluorocopolymer constituting the inner layer (I) is a fluorocopolymer which comprises polymerized units (a) based on tetrafluoroethylene, polymerized units (b) based on ethylene and polymerized units (c) based on itaconic anhydride and/or citraconic anhydride, wherein the molar ratio of (a)/(b) is from 20/80 to 80/20 and the molar ratio of (c)/((a)+(b)) is from 1/10,000 to 5/100 and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1,000 mm3/sec., and the polyamide resin constituting the outer layer (II) is polyamide 11 and/or polyamide 12, which satisfies a condition of (terminal amino group concentration)/(terminal carboxyl group concentration)>1.

Abstract: A multi-layer hose having a multi-layer structure comprising an inner layer (I) made of a fluorocopolymer and an outer layer (II) made of a polyamide resin, wherein the fluorocopolymer constituting the inner layer (I) is a fluorocopolymer which comprises polymerized units (a) based on tetrafluoroethylene, polymerized units (b) based on ethylene and polymerized units (c) based on itaconic anhydride and/or citraconic anhydride, wherein the molar ratio of (a)/(b) is from 20/80 to 80/20 and the molar ratio of (c)/((a)+(b)) is from 1/10,000 to 5/100 and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1,000 mm3/sec., and the polyamide resin constituting the outer layer (II) is polyamide 11 and/or polyamide 12, which satisfies a condition of (terminal amino group concentration)/(terminal carboxyl group concentration)>1.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (A) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene, (B) polymerized units based on ethylene and (C) polymerized units based on itaconic anhydride or citraconic anhydride, wherein the molar ratio of (A)/(B) is from 20/80 to 80/20, and the molar ratio of (C)/((A)+(B)) is from 1/10000 to 5/100, and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1000 mm3/sec. The fluorocopolymer is excellent in the fuel barrier properties and in the adhesive properties to a non-fluorinated polymer.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (A) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene, (B) polymerized units based on ethylene and (C) polymerized units based on a compound represented by CH2═CX(CF2)2Y (wherein each of X and Y which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom), wherein the molar ratio of (A)/(B) is from 20/80 to 80/20, and the molar ratio of (C)/((A)+(B)) is from 1/1000 to 15/100, and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1000 mm3/sec. The fluorocopolymer has a low fuel permeability coefficient and is excellent in the fuel barrier properties.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene copolymer composition comprising a tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene copolymer (A) and a thermoplastic fluoropolymer (B) having a crystallization temperature higher than the crystallization temperature of said tetrafluoroethylene/ethylene copolymer (A) in a mass ratio of (A)/(B)=from 99.8/0.2 to 1/99. The composition is excellent in melt processability, and its formed product is excellent in mechanical properties and fuel barrier properties.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene (TFE)/perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) (PVE) copolymer and a method for producing the copolymer, wherein the molar ratio of polymerized units based on TFE/polymerized units based on PVE is in the range of from 98.1/1.9 to 95.0/5.0, and its melt flow rate at 372° C. is from 35 to 60 g/10 min., and a weight-average molecular weight/a number-average molecular weight is from 1 to 1.7. The copolymer of TFE/PVE is excellent in the mechanical properties and the injection molding properties.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (A) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene, (B) polymerized units based on ethylene and (C) polymerized units based on itaconic anhydride or citraconic anhydride, wherein the molar ratio of (A)/(B) is from 20/80 to 80/20, and the molar ratio of (C)/((A)+(B)) is from 1/10000 to 5/100, and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1000 mm3/sec. The fluorocopolymer is excellent in the fuel barrier properties and in the adhesive properties to a non-fluorinated polymer.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (a) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene and/or chlorotrifluoroethylene, (b) polymerized units based on a fluorinated monomer (excluding tetrafluoroethylene and chlorotrifluoroethylene) and (c) polymerized units based on at least one member selected from the group consisting of itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, citraconic acid and citraconic anhydride, wherein (a) is from 50 to 99.8 mol %, (b) is from 0.1 to 49.99 mol %, and (c) is from 0.01 to 5 mol %, based on ((a)+(b)+(c)), and which has a volume flow rate of from 0.1 to 1000 mm3/sec.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (A) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene, (B) polymerized units based on ethylene and (C) polymerized units based on itaconic anhydride or citraconic anhydride, wherein the molar ratio of (A)/(B) is from 20/80 to 80/20, and the molar ratio of (C)/((A)+(B)) is from 1/10000 to 5/100, and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1000 mm3/sec. The fluorocopolymer is excellent in the fuel barrier properties and in the adhesive properties to a non-fluorinated polymer.

Abstract: A fluorocopolymer which comprises (A) polymerized units based on tetrafluoroethylene, (B) polymerized units based on ethylene and (C) polymerized units based on a compound represented by CH2═CX(CF2)2Y (wherein each of X and Y which are independent of each other, is a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom), wherein the molar ratio of (A)/(B) is from 20/80 to 80/20, and the molar ratio of (C)/((A)+(B)) is from 1/1000 to 15/100, and which has a volume flow rate of from 1 to 1000 mm3/sec. The fluorocopolymer has a low fuel permeability coefficient and is excellent in the fuel barrier properties.

Abstract: A tetrafluoroethylene(TFE)/perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) (PVE) copolymer and a method for producing the copolymer, wherein the molar ratio of polymerized units based on TFE/polymerized units based on PVE is in the range of from 98.1/1.9 to 95.0/5.0, and its melt flow rate at 372° C. is from 35 to 60 g/10 min., and a weight-average molecular weight/a number-average molecular weight is from 1 to 1.7. The copolymer of TFE/PVE is excellent in the mechanical properties and the injection molding properties.

Abstract: A method for producing a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) type copolymer (PFA), which comprises carrying out the polymerization in a polymerization medium (such as CHFClCF2CF2Cl) in the presence of a chain transfer agent of a C1 or 2 hydrofluorocarbon (such as CH3CF2H) by means of a polymerization initiator (such as (FCF2CF2CF2COO)2). PFA obtained by this method has a small amount of unstable terminal groups contained in its molecule and is excellent in thermal stability and cracking resistance against a liquid reagent. Further, the amount of elution of fluorine ions is little even when it is applied to a component of e.g. an equipment for the production of semiconductors.

Abstract: A method for producing a tetrafluoroethylene/perfluoro (alkyl vinyl ether) type copolymer (PFA), which comprises carrying out the polymerization in a polymerization medium (such as CHFClCF2CF2Cl) in the presence of a chain transfer agent of a C1 or 2 hydrofluorocarbon (such as CH3CF2H) by means of a polymerization initiator (such as (FCF2CF2CF2COO)2). PFA obtained by this method has a small amount of unstable terminal groups contained in its molecule and is excellent in thermal stability and cracking resistance against a liquid reagent. Further, the amount of elution of fluorine ions is little even when it is applied to a component of e.g. an equipment for the production of semiconductors.