Abstract: A piston crown is formed with cavity a which includes a first flame deflecting member which divides the flame ejected from a transfer port interconnecting a swirl chamber with a main combustion chamber while the piston is relatively close to its TDC position and a second flame deflecting arrangement which divides the flame flow after the piston has descended by a given amount. The stage deflections of the flame promotes extensive dispersion thereof and the formation of a flame plume which engulfs a relatively large amount of the air in the combustion chamber and improves mixing of the burning gases and unburnt fuel with the air in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: An exhaust passage extends from an internal combustion engine to conduct exhaust from the engine. A filter is disposed in the exhaust passage to filter particles out of the exhaust. A burner is disposed in the exhaust passage upstream of the filter to burn off the particles retained by the filter. A sensor senses the pressure across the filter and generates a signal indicative thereof. Another sensor senses an operating condition of the engine. A first device generates a primary reference signal on the basis of the sensed engine operating condition. A second device samples the pressure signal when the pressure sensor is subject to a zero pressure difference. A third device stores the sampled pressure signal. A fourth device corrects the primary reference signal on the basis of the stored pressure signal and generates a secondary reference signal reflecting the correction.

Abstract: An exhaust purification apparatus includes a regenerative burner for repetitively regenerating a trap element located in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. The regenerative burner has a combustion chamber adapted to permit flow of exhaust gases from the engine exhaust conduit to the trap element. A cup-shaped member is disposed within the combustion chamber to define therein an evaporation chamber which has an adequate supply of air-fuel mixture. The cup-shaped member has a peripheral wall formed with cutouts to permit air-fuel mixture from said evaporation chamber into said combustion chamber and also with a hole to permit fuel droplets to fall onto a glow plug located below the cup-shaped member within the combustion chamber. A protective cover is provided to cover the path of dropping of fuel droplets onto the glow plug to prevent air from flowing to cool down the glow plug and deviate the fuel droplets away from the glow plug.

Abstract: An exhaust gas particle burning-away method for an internal combustion engine in which a burner is operated for a predetermined period of time the first time the engine idles after the detected exhaust gas pressure on the upstream side of a filter has exceeded a stored reference exhaust gas pressure predetermined according to the detected engine speed and engine load. The apparatus according to the present invention comprises a memory unit, a comparator, an output unit including an idle switch and a timer, and various sensors such as an engine speed sensor, an engine load sensor, etc., in addition to a burner with a glow plug and a heater, and an exhaust gas filter. A control unit retrieves reference pressure values according to currently-detected engine speed and load, and compares the reference value to the current detected exhaust gas pressure. The output unit outputs a command signal for a predetermined length of time when the detected pressure exceeds the reference pressure and the engine is idling.

Abstract: Above a selected temperature the amount of fuel supplied into the air stream inducted into the combustion chamber is controlled so that the resulting air-fuel mixtures cause exhaust gases having air-fuel ratios of 145:1 to 15.5:1 whereby neither hydrogen sulfide nor sulfuric acid mist is formed in an oxidation type catalytic converter.

Abstract: The system is associated with an engine equipped with a carburetor and includes a fuel supply conduit and/or air supply conduit each opening at its one end into an intake pipe at a location downstream of the throttle valve, an electromagnetic valve for each conduit arranged to control a fluid flow through each conduit, an exhaust gas sensor disposed in the exhaust system, and a control circuit which operates the electromagnetic valve such that the feed rate of fuel or air through each conduit is varied to compensate for any deviation indicated by a signal from the sensor of the air/fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture consumed in the combustion chamber from a predetermined ratio.

Abstract: A combination exhaust-gas cleaner and muffler for particular use in an exhaust system of an automotive engine incorporating in the exhaust system a catalytic converter using a granular catalyst which is responsible for emission of dust particles of oxides of base or noble metal, comprising at least one centrifugal separator for separating the dust particles from the exhaust gases by imparting a centrifugal force to the stream of the exhaust gases, a dust collection chamber communicating with the centrifugal separator for collecting therein the dust particles separated from the exhaust gases and at least one silencer chamber also in communication with the centrifugal separator for dampening out noises which are borne by the exhaust gases. For the purpose of growing up the ultrafine dust into coarse particles, a particle growing chamber stuffed with a flocculent metallic material such as steel wool may be located upstream of the centrifugal separator.

Abstract: A spark-ignition multiple cylinder internal combustion engine for an automotive vehicle, comprising a first set of cylinders operative on a relatively rich air-fuel mixture and a second set of cylinders operative on a relatively lean air-fuel mixture and having a thermal reactor incorporated into the exhaust system, the internal combustion engine being characterized by a comprehensive emission control system uniting various subsystems of the engine such as the air-intake, mixture induction, exhaust and ignition systems which are provided with means for cooling the thermal reactor by forced air in response to an unusual rise of the temperature of the thermal reactor, means for warming up air in the air-intake system at a rate related to engine load and the temperature of air in the intake system, means for supplying secondary air in accordance with the varying operating conditions of the engine, and means for retarding ignition timing during driving a cold engine.