Abstract: An electric conductor having good electric conductivity and excellent heat resistance, and a process for its production are provided. An electric conductor comprising a substrate 10 and at least two layers formed on the substrate, each being a layer (Z) made of titanium oxide doped with at least one dopant selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Mo, As, Sb, W, N, F, S, Se, Te, Cr, Ni, Tc, Re, P and Bi, wherein at least one layer among said at least two layers is a second layer (Z2) 12 wherein the percentage of the number of dopant atoms based on the total number of titanium and dopant atoms is from 0.01 to 4 atomic %; and between the second layer (Z2) 12 and the substrate 10, a first layer (Z1) 11 is formed wherein the percentage of the number of dopant atoms based on the total number of titanium and dopant atoms is larger than in the second layer (Z2).

Abstract: To provide a process capable of producing a titanium oxide electric conductor layer having excellent electric conductivity and good transparency, with high productivity. A first layer and a second layer each made of titanium oxide doped with a dopant such as Nb, are formed in order on a substrate in a state where the substrate is heated to prepare an electric conductor layer comprising an electric conductor layer. The first layer is formed under film formation conditions under which it is a layer containing polycrystals which contain no rutile crystals. The second layer is formed under film formation conditions under which a layer containing polycrystals which contain rutile crystals is obtained when directly formed on a substrate.

Abstract: To provide a process whereby a titanium oxide type electrical conductor excellent in electrical conductivity with good transparency can be produced with good productivity.

Abstract: An electric conductor is provided, which is excellent in electric conductivity and has good transparency. A process for producing electric conductor comprising a step of forming on a surface of a substrate body 11 a precursor layer 12? made of titanium oxide doped with one or at least two dopants selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Mo, As, Sb, Al, Hf, Si, Ge, Zr, W, Co, Fe, Cr, Sn, Ni, V, Mn, Tc, Re, P and Bi; and a step of annealing the precursor layer 12? in a reducing atmosphere to form a metal oxide layer 12.

Abstract: Titanium having a thermal shrinkage factor close to that of Nb.sub.3 Sn superconducting wire, whereby it gives rise to little degradation of the properties of the superconducting wire and also offers a good balance between strength and toughness at liquid helium temperature, making it highly suitable as a conduit pipe material used as a seal for liquid helium for high-magnetic-field superconducting coil applications. The present invention focusses on the major effect on strength and toughness of titanium material that the oxygen content has, and appropriately controls the oxygen and other impurities content of pure titanium to provide titanium material comprising, in mass %, 0.07 to 0.13 percent O, up to 0.10 percent Fe, up to 0.10 percent C+N, and up to 0.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing high tensile-high toughness steel plate, which the first step 15 preparing a steel slab or ingot consisting essentially, by weight, of0.03 to 0.20% C0.01 to 0.70% Si0.50 to 1.80% Mnlesser concentrations of titanium, zirconium, and mobium, and balac iron.The second step is rolling the slab or ingot with an accumulated rolling reduction of at least 30% in a temperature range between (Ar.sub.3 +150.degree. C.) and Ar.sub.3 in a cooling after casting, or in another cooling after reheating a cold steel slab in a temperature range between 1000.degree. C. and 1300.degree. C.The third step is quenching the rolled steel from a temperature not less than (Ar.sub.3 -30.degree. C.) within a period of time in which neither recovering nor recrystallization substantially occur.The fourth step is tempering at a temperature of not higher than Ac.sub.1.

Abstract: A low temperature high strength tough steel is provided by effecting a series of heat treatments at predetermined temperatures.The steel comprises C, Si, Mn, Ni, Mo, Nb, N, Al, and if necessary, V, Ti, Cr, Ca or Ce in predetermined amounts with the rest iron and unavoidable impurities.