Abstract: Provided is a piping system for an air conditioner installed in a vehicle that can achieve appropriate weight reduction while ensuring appropriate pressure resistance as the piping system as a whole. A circulation path that connects component devices of an air conditioner (8) in an annular shape to circulate a refrigerant (C) is formed by each pipe body extending between the component devices. At least one of the pipe bodies includes: a resin hose (2) embedded with a non-metal reinforcing material (3f) or a resin pipe (5) embedded with a non-metal reinforcing material (6f), and the resin pipe bodies (2), (5) are employed in 50% or more of a total length of each of the pipe bodies constituting the circulation path.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for collecting flux are disclosed. A rosin particle contained in an atmosphere gas, and a vapor of a solvent or an atomized solvent particle are mixed in a mixing section upstream of a flux collection unit-side inlet, and a gas containing a mixed particle is cleaned by electrostatic precipitation. The solvent particle adheres to the rosin particle, and forms an aggregate of larger particle size.

Abstract: Provided is a piping system for an air conditioner installed in a vehicle that can achieve appropriate weight reduction while ensuring appropriate pressure resistance as the piping system as a whole. A circulation path that connects component devices of an air conditioner (8) in an annular shape to circulate a refrigerant (C) is formed by each pipe body extending between the component devices. At least one of the pipe bodies includes: a resin hose (2) embedded with a non-metal reinforcing material (3f) or a resin pipe (5) embedded with a non-metal reinforcing material (6f), and the resin pipe bodies (2), (5) are employed in 50% or more of a total length of each of the pipe bodies constituting the circulation path.

Abstract: A product removing method of introducing an atmospheric gas into a product remover including a corona discharge space to remove a product from the atmospheric gas, the product being generated inside a processing chamber under a low oxygen atmosphere, the method including: mixing the atmospheric gas with a high electric resistance gas to generate a mixed gas in a pipe or the corona discharge space, the pipe being connected between the processing chamber and the corona discharge space, the atmospheric gas being discharged from the processing chamber via the pipe, the high electric resistance gas having an electric resistance higher than an electric resistance of the atmospheric gas; and removing the product from the mixed gas by a corona discharge method in the corona discharge space into which the mixed gas is introduced via the pipe or in which the mixed gas is generated.

Abstract: A reflow furnace that can reduce both the flux clinging defect in a circuit board, and the thermal cracking defect in an electronic component has a heat zone in which a circuit board with a mounted electronic component is heated, and a cooling zone in which the heated circuit board is cooled, and includes: a shield disposed between the heat zone and the cooling zone and having an opening for passage of the circuit board; and a tunnel-like cover physically coupled to the opening and extending along a transport direction of the circuit board.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for diagnosing a failure in a negative pressure sensor, a method for diagnosing a failure in a negative pressure sensor, and a brake apparatus capable of preventing or cutting down a reduction in a frequency at which an abnormality in the negative pressure sensor is diagnosed. The apparatus for diagnosing the failure in the negative pressure sensor includes a change amount monitoring portion configured to monitor a change amount of a detection signal of the negative pressure sensor when a brake pedal is returned after being pressed, and an abnormality determination portion configured to determine that the negative pressure sensor is abnormal if the change amount is a predetermined change amount or smaller.

Abstract: A reflow furnace that can reduce both the flux clinging defect in a circuit board, and the thermal cracking defect in an electronic component has a heat zone in which a circuit board with a mounted electronic component is heated, and a cooling zone in which the heated circuit board is cooled, and includes: a shield disposed between the heat zone and the cooling zone and having an opening for passage of the circuit board; and a tunnel-like cover physically coupled to the opening and extending along a transport direction of the circuit board.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for collecting flux in a way that improves the cleanliness inside a furnace by improving flux collection efficiency, reduces flux viscosity to maintain a liquid state even at ordinary temperature, and makes the flux collection unit more easily serviceable includes a rosin particle contained in an atmosphere gas, and vapor of a solvent or an atomized solvent particle are mixed in a mixing section provided upstream of a flux collection unit-side inlet, and a gas containing a mixed particle is cleaned by means of electrostatic precipitation. The solvent particle adheres to the rosin particle, and forms an aggregate of large particle size that can be more easily charged by corona discharge. This improves the flux collection rate of electrostatic precipitation collection, and, because the rosin particle dissolves in the solvent particle, the collected flux can have reduced viscosity.

Abstract: Provided is a resin determination method including: placing an object on a placement surface with a diffusion reflectance of equal to or greater than 80% in an effective wavelength region of infrared light and with arithmetic mean roughness of equal to or greater than 0.25 ?m and equal to or less than 25 ?m; irradiating the object with infrared light; receiving reflected light from the object that has been irradiated with the infrared light; and determining a resin type based on a reflection spectrum or an absorption spectrum obtained by the reflected light.

Abstract: Provided is a resin determination method including: placing an object on a placement surface with a diffusion reflectance of equal to or greater than 80% in an effective wavelength region of infrared light and with arithmetic mean roughness of equal to or greater than 0.25 and equal to or less than 25; irradiating the object with infrared light; receiving reflected light from the object that has been irradiated with the infrared light; and determining a resin type based on a reflection spectrum or an absorption spectrum obtained by the reflected light.

Abstract: A resin is irradiated with an infrared ray, and a reflected ray from the resin irradiated with the infrared ray is received. In a reflection or absorption spectrum obtained by the reflected ray, a difference of a reflection intensity in a spectrum between a first wave number band of 1340 cm?1 to 1350 cm?1, inclusive, and a second wave number band of 1300 cm?1 to 1340 cm?1, inclusive, is calculated. It is determined whether or not a specific bromine-based flame retardant is contained in the resin, by using the calculated difference of reflection intensity in the spectrum.

Abstract: At a conveyor forefront portion, velocity distribution of an airflow is provided. The velocity distribution is wind velocity distribution in a vertical direction of an airflow from a surface of an upper rectifying plate to a surface of a conveyor at the conveyor forefront portion, and has a maximum value in a range of less than 10 mm downward of the vertical direction from the rectifying plate surface. Moreover, a ratio obtained by dividing the maximum value by a wind velocity in the vicinity of the surface of the conveyor is 4 or more, and 12 or less. In a range other than the range of less than 10 mm, the airflow has a wind velocity equal to the wind velocity in the vicinity of the surface of the conveyor.

Abstract: At a conveyor forefront portion, velocity distribution of an airflow is provided. The velocity distribution is wind velocity distribution in a vertical direction of an airflow from a surface of an upper rectifying plate to a surface of a conveyor at the conveyor forefront portion, and has a maximum value in a range of less than 10 mm downward of the vertical direction from the rectifying plate surface. Moreover, a ratio obtained by dividing the maximum value by a wind velocity in the vicinity of the surface of the conveyor is 4 or more, and 12 or less. In a range other than the range of less than 10 mm, the airflow has a wind velocity equal to the wind velocity in the vicinity of the surface of the conveyor.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a novel silicon substrate having a textured surface by dry-etching the surface of a silicon substrate having (111) orientation and thereby forming a texture thereon. The present invention provides a silicon substrate having (111) orientation, said silicon substrate having a textured surface that includes multiple protrusions which each comprise three slant faces and have heights of 100 to 8000 nm. This process for producing a silicon substrate includes: a step of preparing a silicon substrate having (111) orientation; and a step of blowing an etching gas onto the surface of the silicon substrate, said etching gas containing one or more gases selected from the group consisting of ClF3, XeF2, BrF3, BrF5 and NF3.

Abstract: A separation apparatus includes a first air blower, a plurality of regulating plates, and a second air blower. The first air blower generates a first airflow toward a jumping direction of a separation target at a tip end of the conveyor. The first airflow has a wind speed that matches a transporting speed of a conveyor. The regulating plates are disposed along a flight path of the separation target. The second air blower generates a second airflow toward the flight path from below the flight path.

Abstract: Detection of any fault in the gain of output of a yaw rate sensor is determined as possible if an amount of change in the gain of a yaw rate detected by a yaw rate sensor relative to a yaw rate calculated from a steering angle detected by a steering angle sensor is lower than or equal to a predetermined value. If the detection of any fault in the gain of output of the yaw rate sensor is determined as possible, detection of any fault in the gain of output of the yaw rate sensor is performed.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle control device improved in possibility of misdetection of a sensor failure. It is determined that output offset abnormality detection with respect to a steering angle sensor, a yaw rate sensor, and a lateral acceleration sensor can be performed when a tire slip amount is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value, and when it is determined that the output offset abnormality detection of each sensor can be performed, the output offset abnormality detection with respect to each sensor is performed.

Abstract: A non-plasma dry etching apparatus forms textures by processing plural substrates at the same time, and all substrates and textures in respective substrate planes are formed to be uniform at the time of processing and all substrates and values of the reflectance in respective substrate planes are formed to be uniform as well as size reduction of equipment. The substrates are placed in plural stages so as to be parallel to the flow of a process gas in a reaction chamber. The uniform etching is realized by installing turbulent flow generation blades in the upstream side of the flow.

Abstract: A silicon substrate having a new shape on the opposite surface side of textures can be manufactured at low costs by performing high-quality washing to the silicon substrate with a substrate plane orientation (100) having a texture structure by using a gas etching method, thereby improving use efficiency of light. A silicon substrate is provided having the substrate plane orientation (100) with textures, in which fine rectangular-shaped unevenness is formed in a ripple shape on the opposite side surface of the texture-formed surface, and the depth of concave portions therein is 10 to 200 nm.

Abstract: A silicon substrate includes a texture structure in which quadrangular pyramid-shaped first textures having a (111) plane on slopes are formed on a surface of the silicon substrate having a plane orientation (100) and second textures having etch pits surrounded by three planes of the (100) plane, a (010) plane and a (001) plane are formed on surfaces of the first textures.