Abstract: In producing a non-fitting type capsule containing an oily substance such as vitamin E, etc. in a capsule, a hydrophilic solvent such as ethanol, etc. which can be dissolved in the oily substance is added thereinto to lower viscosity thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel method for shaping a green body of a ceramic powder by use of a specific organic binder, which is a modified polyvinyl alcohol comprising monomeric units expressed by the formula ##STR1## in which R is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having at least 4 carbon atoms, Z is a divalent linking unit of --O-- or --O--CO-- and a is zero or 1, in a limited mole fraction, Due to the strong binding power and lubricity of the binder polymer, the wet blend of ceramic powder with an aqueous solution of the binder has good workability in shaping and the wet shaped body has good shape retainability. The shaped body after drying also has excellent mechanical strength to facilitate handling.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method for priming the surface of a cement mortar or concrete base whereby the adhesive bonding strength of the overcoat finishing with a cement mortar or paste as well as the waterproofing effect of the overcoat layer can be greatly improved by use of a novel aqueous priming composition. The priming composition contains, as an essential ingredient as dissolved in an aqueous medium, a modified polyvinyl alcohol characteristic in the side chains etherified with long-chain alkyl groups such as lauryl and stearyl in a limited mole fraction. The priming composition may also contain an emulsion of a synthetic resin mainly composed of vinyl acetate. The effectiveness of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is so outstanding that the inventive priming composition may contain only 1% by weight or more of the modified polyvinyl alcohol based on the total solid content, the balance being the synthetic resin dispersed as the emulsion.