Abstract: A parasitic power supply derives power from its proximity to an electrical power conductor. The power supply includes a transformer having a coil disposed on a core structured to be disposed parallel to the power conductor. The coil has a voltage induced by current flowing in the power conductor. A voltage regulating circuit cooperates with the transformer and includes a capacitor having a voltage, a charge switch structured to charge the capacitor from the coil voltage, a bootstrap circuit structured to enable the charge switch to charge the capacitor when the capacitor voltage is below a first predetermined value, a charge controller structured to enable the charge switch to charge the capacitor when the capacitor voltage is below a second predetermined value, and a voltage regulator powered by the capacitor voltage.

Abstract: A parasitic power supply derives power from its proximity to an electrical power conductor. The power supply includes a transformer having a coil disposed on a core structured to be disposed parallel to the power conductor. The coil has a voltage induced by current flowing in the power conductor. A voltage regulating circuit cooperates with the transformer and includes a capacitor having a voltage, a charge switch structured to charge the capacitor from the coil voltage, a bootstrap circuit structured to enable the charge switch to charge the capacitor when the capacitor voltage is below a first predetermined value, a charge controller structured to enable the charge switch to charge the capacitor when the capacitor voltage is below a second predetermined value, and a voltage regulator powered by the capacitor voltage.

Abstract: A single direct current arc chamber includes a ferromagnetic base having first and opposite second ends, a first ferromagnetic side member disposed from the first end, a second ferromagnetic side member disposed from the opposite second end, a third ferromagnetic member disposed from the ferromagnetic base intermediate the ferromagnetic side members, a first permanent magnet having a first magnetic polarity disposed on the first ferromagnetic side member and facing the third ferromagnetic member, and a second permanent magnet having the first magnetic polarity disposed on the second ferromagnetic side member and facing the third ferromagnetic member.

Abstract: A single direct current arc chamber includes a ferromagnetic base having first and opposite second ends, a first ferromagnetic side member disposed from the first end, a second ferromagnetic side member disposed from the opposite second end, a third ferromagnetic member disposed from the ferromagnetic base intermediate the ferromagnetic side members, a first permanent magnet having a first magnetic polarity disposed on the first ferromagnetic side member and facing the third ferromagnetic member, and a second permanent magnet having the first magnetic polarity disposed on the second ferromagnetic side member and facing the third ferromagnetic member.

Abstract: Receiving sensor data related to position of a gear in a transmission, the sensor data including data from a first sensor and data from a second sensor; determining a first indicated position of the gear from the data from the first sensor; determining a second indicated position of the gear from the data from the second sensor; comparing the first indicated position to the second indicated position; and determining based on the comparison a gear engagement status of the gear.

Abstract: A number N of position sensors, each associated with one of N shift rails in a shift rail transmission system, wherein the set of N sensors is divided into subsets and each subset is provided a common reference from a control module; and a processing component that determines from data from each sensor whether the shift rail associated with that sensor is in a position of engagement of a first gear, a position of engagement of a second gear, or in a neutral position. Further, providing a first common reference to a first set of shift rail position sensors; providing a second common reference to a second set of shift rail position sensors; receiving sensor data from each position sensor; determining that the data from the first set of position sensors is unreliable; and operating a transmission using only the gears related to the position sensors in the second set.