Abstract: A method of reducing facial aging in a person, having an upper and lower jaw bearing anterior or posterior teeth, comprises: a) providing a mass produced universal dental appliance, which appliance comprises at least one part, the or each part intended in use to be in continuous contact with the teeth on either the upper or lower jaw, the or each part comprising an elongate structure at least a portion of which is formed of a durable, resilient, elastomeric material having a softening point in the range from 35 to 100° C.

Abstract: A mass produced universal dental appliancee (1) comprises two parts, the parts intended in use to contact the posterior teeth on respective opposite sides of either the upper or lower jaw, each part comprising a composite structure comprising: i) a first layer (2) formed a durable, resilient, elastomeric material having a softening point in the range from 35 to 100° C. and which in use contacts and grips the occlusal biting surfaces of the posterior teeth; and ii) a second layer (3) formed from a durable, non-deformable material having a softening point over 100° C. and which in use provides a bite plate; wherein the second layer of each part is provided with a protrusion (5), formed of durable, non-deformable material having a softening point over 100° C.