Abstract: The present disclosure provides a display apparatus capable of suppressing screen-door effect without requiring alignment between an optical element and a pixel. A display apparatus (1) includes a CF substrate (13) that determines a color of a sub-pixel corresponding to a color element, for each of a plurality of pixels, and a lenticular lens (14) that widens a full width at half maximum of luminance of emitted light more than a full width at half maximum of luminance of light incident from the CF substrate, in which the lenticular lens has a periodic structure smaller than a periodicity of arrangement of sub-pixels.

Abstract: The switching device of the present invention includes a switching liquid crystal cell switchable between a switching mode of converting a vibration direction of incident polarized light and a non-switching mode of not converting the vibration direction of the incident polarized light; an anisotropic light scattering layer configured to scatter incident light at a specific azimuth; and a polarized light reflective layer, wherein in the anisotropic light scattering layer, a haze is 50% or higher and a full width at half maximum of luminance at a first azimuth is greater than a full width at half maximum of the luminance at a second azimuth and less than ten times the full width at half maximum of the luminance at the second azimuth, the first azimuth being the specific azimuth where the scattered light has maximum intensity, the second azimuth being an azimuth where the scattered light has minimum intensity.

Abstract: The size and weight of an eyepiece are reduced while the diameter of each eyepiece is maintained. In a head-mounted display (1) of the invention of a display region of a display device (102), an area of an image which a user views through the eyepiece (105) is an effective display region, and an area other than the area of the image which the user views is an ineffective display region, each of the display devices (102) has a shape in which the ineffective display region is cut out from the display region.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel having a display surface and a lighting device that supplies light to the display panel. The lighting device includes a light source, and an optical member having at least a light exit surface through which the light emitted by the light source exits toward the display surface of the display panel. The optical member includes a light refraction portion that imparts an anisotropic refraction effect to at least light rays exiting through an edge section of the light exit surface to be oriented toward a center side of the display surface. The display device further includes a low refraction index layer interposed between the display panel and the optical member, and the low refraction index layer has a refraction index lower than at least a refraction index of the optical member.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel, a lighting device having a light emission surface, a center directive light refraction member imparting a refraction effect to light exiting through the light emission surface to be directed to a middle section of the display panel to generate a much light emission angle range where an emission light quantity is much and a less light emission angle range where the light emission quantity is less in a luminance angle distribution, and an asymmetric light refraction member configured to impart an asymmetric refraction effect to the emission light such that among emission light rays exiting the center directive light refraction member, light rays in the less light emission angle range is directed toward the less light emission angle range while a part of light rays in the much light emission angle range is directed toward the less light emission angle range.

Abstract: In the display device, a display panel, a linearly polarized light reflection layer, and a light scattering layer are configured to satisfy at least two states selected from the group consisting of: a state where the display panel includes a display surface with divided regions involving a display region and a non-display region, a state where the linearly polarized light reflection layer includes divided regions involving first and second reflection regions, and a state where the light scattering layer includes divided regions involving a light scattering region and a light transmitting region. At least two regions are superimposed on each other. The regions are selected from the group consisting of one of the display region and the non-display region, one of the first and second reflection regions, and one of the light scattering region and the light transmitting region and satisfy the at least two states.

Abstract: A head-mounted display (1) includes: a liquid crystal display unit (2) including a display surface (7) facing forward, the liquid crystal display unit (2) configured to display an image on the display surface (7); an eyepiece lens (13) disposed at a position lower than the liquid crystal display unit (2); and a mirror unit (4) configured to reflect light based on the image displayed on the display surface (7) and guide the light thus reflected to the eyepiece lens (13).

Abstract: The present invention provides a display device that is excellent in designability and allows a reflection color in the non-display state to be less likely to appear differently at different viewing positions. The display device includes, in the following order: a display panel capable of switching between a display mode of emitting display light and a non-display mode of not emitting display light; a ?/4 retardation layer; a circularly polarized light ray reflection layer; and a light scattering layer capable of switching between a light scattering mode of scattering incident light and a light transmitting mode of transmitting incident light. The circularly polarized light ray reflection layer preferably contains a cholesteric liquid crystal.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device 10 includes a liquid crystal panel 11, a backlight device 12 supplying light to the liquid crystal panel 11, LEDs 13 included in the backlight device 12, a light guide plate 15 that is an optical member and included in the backlight device 12 and disposed opposite the liquid crystal panel 11 and has a light guide plate light exit surface 15a through which light from the LEDs 13 exits toward the liquid crystal panel 11, and a light guide plate side light collecting portion 20 included in the light guide plate 15, which is the optical member, and applying an anisotropic refracting action to at least light rays exiting an edge portion of the light guide plate light exit surface 15a to be directed to a middle section of the liquid crystal panel 11.

Abstract: A transmission-type screen (20) is a transmission-type screen for use in a head-up display (100), the transmission-type screen having a receiving surface to receive displaying light and an outgoing surface through which to emit a divergent light beam toward a combiner (40). The transmission-type screen (20) includes: a first optical element (21) which is disposed on the receiving surface side and which converges a light beam, the first optical element (21) having a first lens array (22) including a plurality of lenses (25) arranged with lens surfaces thereof being oriented toward the outgoing surface; and a second optical element (23) which is disposed on the outgoing surface side and which diverges a light beam, the second optical element (23) having a second lens array (24). In the first lens array, a numerical aperture NA of each lens satisfies the relationship NA=(r/2)/[f2+(r/2)2]1/2?0.13, where r is a diameter of each of the plurality of lenses and f is a focal length of each lens.

Abstract: A head-up display 10 includes a projector 11 configured to project an image and having a projector surface 15a, a combiner 12 having a projection surface 12a onto which the image projected by the projector 11 is projected to allow an observer to see a virtual image, the projection surface 12a being tilted relative to the projector surface 15a of the projector 11, a lenticular lens sheet 18 including a plurality of top-displaced cylindrical lenses 25 arranged in a tilting direction tilted relative to the projection surface 12a, the top-displaced cylindrical lenses 25 each including a top 25a displaced such that a brightness peak of projector light is shifted, in relation to a central position in the tilting direction, toward a side where an optical path length of the project light from the projector surface 15a to the projection surface 12a is relatively long.

Abstract: A controllable device for phase modulation of coherent light comprises a modulator matrix having a plurality of liquid crystal modulator cells each being adapted to modulate a phase value of light passing through a liquid crystal modulator cell depending on a voltage, which is applied to the liquid crystal modulator cell; at least one polarity area of said modulator matrix including at least one liquid crystal modulator cell; at least one storage unit for storing at least one pair of voltage values of which one has a positive and the other has a negative polarity for the liquid crystal modulator cells, whereby the pair of voltage values corresponds to a predetermined phase value; and a control unit for selectively applying one pair of voltage values to one liquid crystal modulator cell.

Abstract: A display device is provided in which distortion of a displayed image is suppressed easily. A display device 1 includes a light source 2, a mirror 3, a screen 5, and an optical element 6. A normal line N1 of the optical element 6 at a position where a main light beam X3 is incident is positioned on a side to a light beam F4 at a one-side end of an intermediate image, with respect to the main light beam X3. A normal line N2 of a reflection surface of the mirror 3 is positioned on a side to a light beam F1 at other-side end of the intermediate image, with respect to a main light beam X2 outgoing from the mirror 3. A light outgoing surface P3 of the screen is tilted with respect to a plane P4 vertical to the main light beam X3, in such a direction that an optical path of the light beam F4 at the one-side end of the intermediate image, between the screen 5 and the optical element 6, is shortened.

Abstract: A head-up display 10 includes a MEMS mirror component 14 for displaying images and a combiner 12 for reflecting light from the MEMS mirror component 14 so that an observer observes reflected light as a virtual image and for transmitting ambient light. The combiner 12 includes a green light reflecting portion 17 for selectively reflecting mainly green light in a green light wavelength region, a red light reflecting portion 16 for selectively reflecting mainly red light in a red light wavelength region, and a blue light reflecting portion 18 for reflecting blue light in a blue light wavelength region. The light reflecting portions 16 to 18 are laid in layers. The green light reflecting portion 17 is arranged the closest to the MEMS mirror component 14.

Abstract: A combiner 12 includes a cholesteric liquid crystal layer 17 that imparts an optical effect to light, and a cholesteric liquid crystal layer carrier 18 of a plate shape that is an optical functional layer carrier having a plate surface with the cholesteric liquid crystal layer 17 disposed thereon, being subjected to biaxial stretching in such a manner that one of two intersecting directions along the plate surface is a low stretching direction in which a stretch ratio is relatively low and that the other is a high stretching direction in which the stretch ratio is relatively high, and being subjected to biaxial deformation to have the plate surface deformed into a curved shape in such a manner that a large elongation amount direction in which the amount of elongation by deformation is relatively large matches the low stretching direction and that a small elongation amount direction in which the amount of elongation by deformation is relatively small matches the high stretching direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a controllable diffraction device for a light modulator device. The controllable diffraction device comprises at least two substrates, at least one electrode on each of said substrates facing each other, and liquid crystals forming at least one liquid crystal layer arranged between said electrodes on said substrates. The orientation of the liquid crystals is controllable by a voltage supplied to the electrodes. The liquid crystal layer is provided on at least one alignment layer arranged on at least one electrode on said substrates. The liquid crystals close to the alignment layer are pre-oriented by at least one pre-tilt angle relative to the alignment layer such that the resulting light diffraction in opposite spatial directions is approximately equal.

Abstract: A head-up display 10 includes a MEMS mirror component 14 for displaying images and a combiner 12 for reflecting light from the MEMS mirror component 14 so that an observer observes reflected light as a virtual image and for transmitting ambient light. The combiner 12 includes a green light reflecting portion 17 for selectively reflecting mainly green light in a green light wavelength region, a red light reflecting portion 16 for selectively reflecting mainly red light in a red light wavelength region, and a blue light reflecting portion 18 for reflecting blue light in a blue light wavelength region. The light reflecting portions 16 to 18 are laid in layers. The green light reflecting portion 17 is arranged the closest to the MEMS mirror component 14.

Abstract: A transmission screen (2) includes at least two optical elements (13 and 14) condensing or diverging a light beam anisotropically. The at least two optical elements each include a light receiving surface (10) receiving display light; and a light emitting surface (11) emitting a divergent light beam toward a combiner (4).

Abstract: A screen includes: a diffraction member and a scattering member. The diffraction member selectively diffracts image light and orients this light towards a viewer. In order for the image light to be scattered to a higher degree than ambient light that enters the scattering member on the side opposite of the viewer, the degree to which the scattering member scatters polarized light varies according to the polarization direction of the light. Thus, regardless of the positional relationship of the screen and a projector, which projects image light, it is possible to use a relatively simple industrial manufacturing process that can ensure the following to a satisfactory extent: brightness of the screen in the front direction, a wide viewing angle, and visual clarity through the screen.

Abstract: A stereoscopic display device is provided that enables stereoscopy for various viewing positions. A stereoscopic display device (1) includes: a display panel (14) configured to display images for a plurality of viewpoints, the images having parallax and being arranged regularly; a light beam convertor (11) disposed adjacent the front side of the display panel (14) configured to form virtual lenticular lenses by controlling a voltage, the lenticular lenses adapted to the images on the display panel (14) and being arranged at a certain interval; and a controller configured to control the display panel (14) and the light beam convertor (11). The controller changes the focal length of the virtual lenticular lenses formed by the light beam convertor (11) depending on the distance between the display panel (14) and a viewer.