Abstract: A catalyst of the invention includes a cyclic acylurea compound having a cyclic acylurea skeleton represented by following Formula (I): wherein R is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group; n is 1 or 2; G is a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, where two Gs are the same or different when n is 2. The catalyst may include the cyclic acylurea compound and a metallic compound in combination. In the presence of the catalyst, (A) a compound capable of forming a radical is allowed to react with (B) a radical scavenging compound and thereby yields an addition or substitution reaction product of the compound (A) and the compound (B) or a derivative thereof. This catalyst can produce an organic compound with a high selectivity in a high yield as a result of, for example, an addition or substitution reaction under mild conditions.

Abstract: A catalyst of the invention includes an imide compound having a N-substituted cyclic imide skeleton represented by following Formula (I): 1

Abstract: An oxidation reaction mixture (e.g. adipic acid, benzoic acid, butenediol) and an oxidation catalyst are efficiently separated from a reaction mixture with the use of an aqueous solvent (e.g. methyl benzoate, benzonitrile) containing at least water (e.g. water) and a non-water-soluble solvent separable from the aqueous solvent, the reaction mixture being obtained by oxidizing a substrate (e.g. a hydrocarbon) in the presence of an imide compound such as N-hydroxyphthalimide shown by the following formula (1) as the oxidation catalyst, wherein R1 and R2 represents a substituent such as a hydrogen atom and a halogen atom; R1 and R2 may together form a double bond, or an aromatic or nonaromatic 5- to 12-membered ring; X stands for O or OH; and n is 1 to 3. No decomposition of the oxidation catalyst is observed in this separation process.

Abstract: A catalyst of the invention includes an imide compound having a N-substituted cyclic imide skeleton represented by following Formula (I): 1

Abstract: A reaction product and an imide compound can be separated from a reaction mixture obtained by reacting a substrate in the presence of the imide compound having an imide unit represented by the following formula (1): 1

Abstract: An acylating agent of the invention includes (A) a 1,2-dicarbonyl compound or its hydroxy reductant, (B) oxygen, and (C) at least one compound selected from (c1) a metallic compound and (C2) N-hydroxyphthalimide or another imide compound. As the 1,2-dicarbonyl compound or its hydroxy reductant (A), biacetyl, 2,3-butanediolor the like canbeused. As the metallic compound (c1), cobalt acetate, or another cobalt compound, for example, can be employed. By reacting an adamantane derivative or another compound having a methine carbon atom with the acylating agent, an acyl group can be introduced to the methine carbon atom with efficiency.

Abstract: In the presence of an imide compound (e.g., N-hydroxyphthalimide) shown by the formula (2): wherein R1 and R2 independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group; or R1 and R2 may bond together to form a double bond or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring; Y is O or OH and n=1 to 3; or the imide compound and a co-catalyst (e.g., a transition metal compound), an adamantane derivative having a functional group such as a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxymethyl group and an isocyanato group is oxidized with oxygen. According to the above method, an adamantane derivative having a hydroxyl group together with a functional group such as a nitro group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a hydroxymethyl group and an isocyanato group is efficiently obtained.

Abstract: A compound shown by the following formula: wherein each of R1a, R2a, R3a and R4a represents a substituent selected from a non-reactive atom, a non-reactive group, a hydroxyl group and an amino group, and at least two members selected from R1a, R2a, R3a and R4a are a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or an amino group; is subjected to an esterification reaction or an amidation reaction with a polymerizable unsaturated compound (e.g., an alcohol, a carboxylic acid, an amine) in the presence of a catalyst comprising an element selected from the Group 3 elements, such as a samarium compound, to obtain a polymerizable adamantane derivative having at least one polymerizable unsaturated group in high yield.

Abstract: With the use of an aqueous solvent containing at least water (e.g. water), and at least one organic solvent selected from esters or ketones and separable from the aqueous solvent, the processes of the invention separate (1) an adamantanediol and an adamantanepolyol having three or more hydroxyl groups per molecule, from a group of adamantanepolyols having plural hydroxyl groups per molecule, distributing the former into an organic solvent layer and the latter into an aqueous solvent layer. Further, (2) an adamantanemonool and the group of adamantanepolyols can be separated from a group of adamantanols having at least one hydroxyl group per molecule with using an aqueous solvent (e.g. aqueous solution of acetic acid) for crystallization of the adamantanemonool.