Abstract: Flow characteristics are measured by providing a flow path from a flow supply source through a flow restriction passage. A plurality of movable fins are extendable into the flow restriction passage, resulting in a change in the flow characteristic of the flow restriction passage. The movable fins are controlled and a flow measurement device is used for measuring flow or flow resistance through the flow restriction passage with the movable fins extended and retracted.

Abstract: A tablet-based method for fabricating a suspension including gold (Au) particles and water can include adding to water a solid tablet prepared from a solid alkaline powder, a solid acid powder, and gold particles. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas can be generated once the tablet is added to the water. The gold (Au) particles can be in microparticle or nanoparticle form. The solid alkaline powder can include sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The solid acid powder can include monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4).

Abstract: The system and method for determining physical stability of dispersed particles in flowing liquid suspensions is performed by passing a fluid with suspended particulates in a column of filter elements having progressively smaller porosities. The fluid is received by a fluid supply receptacle and then passed through the column of filter elements. The filter elements are arranged so that successive filters are downstream of each other, with successive filters having successively smaller porosities. The porosity of an initial filter element has a sufficiently large porosity to filter a largest particle size intended for detection, and a final filter element has at least a sufficiently small porosity to filter a smallest particle size intended for detection. This results in the successive filters separating successively smaller particles from the fluid. Average particle size and particle count are obtained by removing a mesh filter element and performing SEM analysis on the filtered particles.

Abstract: A tablet-based method for fabricating a suspension including gold (Au) particles and water can include adding to water a solid tablet prepared from a solid alkaline powder, a solid acid powder, and gold particles. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas can be generated once the tablet is added to the water. The gold (Au) particles can be in microparticle or nanoparticle form. The solid alkaline powder can include sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) or sodium carbonate (Na2CO3). The solid acid powder can include monosodium phosphate (NaH2PO4).

Abstract: The system for making suspensions includes a housing, with a platform mounted therein and a translating table slidably mounted on the platform for removably supporting a receptacle. A base fluid tank stores a base fluid, and a solid particle container stores solid particles. A rotating dispenser system is mounted within the housing, above the platform and the receptacle. The rotating dispenser includes a base fluid dispenser for dispensing a controlled mass of the base fluid into the receptacle, and a solid particle dispenser for dispensing a controlled mass of the solid particles into the receptacle. The base fluid dispenser is in communication with the base fluid tank, and the solid particle dispenser is in communication with the solid particle container. A mixer selectively and controllably mixes the controlled mass of the base fluid and the controlled mass of the solid particles in the receptacle to form the suspension.

Abstract: The apparatus for measuring performance of a suspension for cooling a computer processing unit is a measurement and testing tool allowing for the fabrication of new suspensions, and measuring and testing their short-term and long-term thermal performance in real time on any liquid-cooled computer processing unit. The suspension is prepared in a sample receiving reservoir and pumped across the unit, and then input to an air-cooled heat exchanger for recirculation back to the sample receiving reservoir. Temperatures of the working fluid are measured between the sample receiving reservoir and the computer processing unit, between the unit and the heat exchanger, and after output from the heat exchanger. Pressure differentials of the working fluid is measured across the computer processing unit and across the heat exchanger.

Abstract: The apparatus for measuring performance of a suspension for cooling a computer processing unit is a measurement and testing tool allowing for the fabrication of new suspensions, and measuring and testing their short-term and long-term thermal performance in real time on any liquid-cooled computer processing unit. The suspension is prepared in a sample receiving reservoir and pumped across the unit, and then input to an air-cooled heat exchanger for recirculation back to the sample receiving reservoir. Temperatures of the working fluid are measured between the sample receiving reservoir and the computer processing unit, between the unit and the heat exchanger, and after output from the heat exchanger. Pressure differentials of the working fluid is measured across the computer processing unit and across the heat exchanger.

Abstract: The apparatus for testing the stability of dispersed particles in flowing suspensions includes a sample receiving cup having a lower wall and an open upper end. A cup outlet is disposed in the lower wall, and the sample receiving cup is adapted for receiving a suspension sample through the open upper end. A pump is in fluid communication with the sample receiving cup through the cup outlet. The pump extracts the suspension sample through the cup outlet to produce a pressurized suspension stream. A recirculation pipe has a pipe inlet and a pipe outlet, the pipe inlet being in fluid communication with the pump for receiving the pressurized suspension stream, and the pipe outlet returns the pressurized suspension stream to the sample receiving cup, through the open upper end thereof. A power monitor is in communication with the pump for monitoring the power output of the pump.