Abstract: The present invention provides electrochemical energy storage systems comprising metallolyte composites, iron fluoride composites and iron oxyfluoride composites. The present invention further provides methods for fabricating metallolyte composites.

Abstract: The present invention provides electrochemical energy storage systems comprising metallolyte composites, iron fluoride composites and iron oxyfluoride composites. The present invention further provides methods for fabricating metallolyte composites.

Abstract: A composition, comprising: a composite including (i) a carbon fluoride component comprising a CFx material, wherein x?1, and having a first electrochemical property, and (ii) a carbonaceous material component having a second electrochemical property. The carbon fluoride component is 70 wt % to 99 wt % based on a total weight of the composite. The carbonaceous material component is 1 wt % to 30 wt % based on the total weight of the composite. The composite is adapted to react with energy applied thereto, and wherein, upon such reaction, the composite provides a third electrochemical property that is higher than the first electrochemical property, higher than the second electrochemical property, and higher than a combination of the first and second electrochemical properties.

Abstract: The present invention provides electrochemical energy storage systems comprising metallolyte composites, iron fluoride composites and iron oxyfluoride composites. The present invention further provides methods for fabricating metallolyte composites.

Abstract: The present invention provides electrochemical energy storage systems comprising metallolyte composites, iron fluoride composites and iron oxyfluoride composites. The present invention further provides methods for fabricating metallolyte composites.

Abstract: The present invention provides electrochemical energy storage systems comprising metallolyte composites, iron fluoride composites and iron oxyfluoride composites. The present invention further provides methods for fabricating metallolyte composites.

Abstract: A battery system for efficiently operating a battery under various circumstances, such as relating to extreme temperature ranges and varying load (i.e. current) ranges. The battery system generally includes at least one first cell having a first chemistry, at least one second cell having a second chemistry and a controller in communication with the first cell and the second cell. The controller is adapted to employ a chemical reaction of the first chemistry in the first cell or the second chemistry in the second cell. The first chemistry is different than the second chemistry, wherein the first chemistry and the second chemistry may be adapted to provide current over varying temperature ranges or to provide current for varying current loads.

Abstract: The present invention provides electrochemical energy storage systems comprising metallolyte composites, iron fluoride composites and iron oxyfluoride composites. The present invention further provides methods for fabricating metallolyte composites.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a first cell, a second cell and a barrier isolating a fluid in the first cell from the second cell in which the barrier, in response to an activation signal, changes to a second state to allow the fluid to pass into the second cell and activate the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: A high capacity rechargeable lithium battery cell comprising a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and an interposed separator member providing an electrolyte includes an active electrode material comprising a crystalline nitride of a metal which be lithium-alloying, such Zn, or non-alloying, such as Cu. The metal nitride electrode materials effectively replace carbonaceous negative electrode materials in Li-ion cells, providing significantly improved stable gravimetric capacity ranging to about 450 mAh/g and volumetric capacity ranging to more than five-fold that of graphite.

Abstract: A high capacity rechargeable lithium battery cell comprising a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and an interposed separator member providing an electrolyte includes an active electrode material comprising a crystalline nitride of a metal which be lithium-alloying, such Zn, or non-alloying, such as Cu. The metal nitride electrode materials effectively replace carbonaceous negative electrode materials in Li-ion cells, providing significantly improved stable gravimetric capacity ranging to about 450 mAh/g and volumetric capacity ranging to more than five-fold that of graphite.

Abstract: A high capacity rechargeable lithium battery cell comprising a positive electrode member, a negative electrode member, and an interposed separator member providing an electrolyte comprises a negative active electrode material consisting essentially of germanium nitride. The germanium nitride electrode material effectively replaces carbonaceous negative electrode materials, providing significantly improved stable gravimetric capacity of about 450 mAh/g and volumetric capacity exceeding that of graphite by more than an order of magnitude.

Abstract: The invention relates to a phase-locked loop delivering a recovered clock signal from a reference clock signal F.sub.ref in which some transitions are missing. The loop includes a first divide-by-M frequency divider receiving the clock F.sub.ref and delivering a signal of frequency F.sub.ref /M; a phase comparator providing a phase error signal from the signal of frequency F.sub.ref /M, and the output signal from a second divide-by-M frequency divider; a divide-by-K frequency divider providing a signal of frequency F.sub.k from a local oscillator signal of frequency F.sub.oL receiving the phase error signal as a control signal; an adder-counter of the division ratio p/q receiving the local oscillator signal of frequency F.sub.oL and delivering a signal of frequency F.sub.o equal to F.sub.oL *p/q; a mixer delivering a signal of frequency F.sub.n equal to F.sub.o -F.sub.k on the basis of signal of frequency F.sub.k and the signal of frequency F.sub.o ; and a divide-by-N frequency divider synchronized by F.sub.