Abstract: A MEMS-based particle manipulation system which uses a particle manipulation stage and a plurality of laser interrogation regions. The laser interrogation regions may be used to assess the effectiveness or accuracy of the particle manipulation stage. In one exemplary embodiment, the particle manipulation stage is a microfabricated, flap-type fluid valve, which sorts a target particle from non-target particles in a fluid stream. The laser interrogation stages are disposed in the microfabricated fluid channels at the input and output of the flap-type sorting valve. The laser interrogation regions may be used to assess the effectiveness or accuracy of the sorting, and to control or adjust sort parameters during the sorting process. One or more feedback loops may be used to improve the particle manipulation process, based on data acquired during the first interrogation and/or during a downstream confirmation. Artificial intelligence techniques may be used to good effect.

Abstract: An insertable device is designed to control uterine hemorrhaging after birth by facilitating contractile movement of the uterus. An insertable device comprises a tube having a connecting portion and a suction portion and a seal positioned along the length of the connecting portion proximal to the suction portion. Upon insertion of the suction portion and seal into the uterus, the seal abuts a vaginal canal and forms a seal between a vaginal opening and the uterus. The suction portion comprises a first loop having an opening that is oriented away from an interior wall of the uterus when inserted into the uterus. The connecting portion of the tube couples to a pump that when actuated generates a negative pressure within the uterus, resulting in a uniform mechanical stimulus to the uterine wall in order to facilitate tamponade and contractile movement of the tissue.

Abstract: An insertable device is designed to control uterine hemorrhaging after birth by facilitating contractile movement of the uterus. An insertable device comprises a tube having a connecting portion and a suction portion and a seal positioned along the length of the connecting portion proximal to the suction portion. Upon insertion of the suction portion and seal into the uterus, the seal abuts a vaginal canal and forms a seal between a vaginal opening and the uterus. The suction portion comprises a first loop having an opening that is oriented away from an interior wall of the uterus when inserted into the uterus. The connecting portion of the tube couples to a pump that when actuated generates a negative pressure within the uterus, resulting in a uniform mechanical stimulus to the uterine wall in order to facilitate tamponade and contractile movement of the tissue.

Abstract: An insertable device is designed to control uterine hemorrhaging after birth by facilitating contractile movement of the uterus. An insertable device comprises a tube having a connecting portion and a suction portion and a seal positioned along the length of the connecting portion proximal to the suction portion. Upon insertion of the suction portion and seal into the uterus, the seal abuts a vaginal canal and forms a seal between a vaginal opening and the uterus. The suction portion comprises a first loop having an opening that is oriented away from an interior wall of the uterus when inserted into the uterus. The connecting portion of the tube couples to a pump that when actuated generates a negative pressure within the uterus, resulting in a uniform mechanical stimulus to the uterine wall in order to facilitate tamponade and contractile movement of the tissue.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a source and a detector that can be quickly and easily moved out of the way after scanning. During scanning, the actual paths that the source and detector travel are tracked, such as by an associated surgical navigation system tracking system. The actual locations of the source and detector during each x-ray image are used in the image reconstruction algorithm. Since the actual locations are used in the algorithm, the locations do not have to be as precisely controlled. In one embodiment, the source and detector are mounted proximate outer ends of first and second c-arm sections. The first and second c-arm sections are extendable to form a complete c-arm and retractable to a collapsed position when not in use. In the disclosed embodiment, the c-arm sections are mounted to a base or carriage under the patient support surface (such as the surgical table).

Abstract: A CT scanner according to the present invention is particularly adapted for scanning the extremities of a patient. The CT scanner includes an x-ray source and x-ray detector mounted for rotation and translation along an axis parallel to a table for supporting the patient's extremity. The source and detector are mounted opposite one another on an inner circumference of an inner ring. The inner ring is rotatable about the axis within an outer ring mounted on at least one carriage. The carriage is movable parallel to the axis. During scanning, the inner ring rotates within the outer ring while the rings and carriage move along the axis, thereby producing a helical scan of the extremity.

Abstract: A CT scanner according to the present invention is particularly adapted for scanning the extremities of a patient. The CT scanner includes an x-ray source and x-ray detector mounted for rotation and translation along an axis parallel to a table for supporting the patient's extremity. The source and detector are mounted opposite one another on an inner circumference of an inner ring. The inner ring is rotatable about the axis within an outer ring mounted on at least one carriage. The carriage is movable parallel to the axis. During scanning, the inner ring rotates within the outer ring while the rings and carriage move along the axis, thereby producing a helical scan of the extremity.

Abstract: A CT scanner includes a gantry supporting an x-ray source and an x-ray detector. A motor in the gantry controls rotation of the gantry relative to a mounting plate from which the gantry is supported. The gantry also houses a computer for controlling the motor to rotate the gantry in a controlled, known manner. The computer also controls the x-ray source, including powering the x-ray source on and off and varying the intensity and frequency of the produced x-ray. The computer also collects data from the x-ray detector.

Abstract: The fluidic system with an unclogging feature of the preferred embodiment includes a flow channel, a sheath pump to pump sheath fluid from a sheath container into an interrogation zone, and a waste pump to pump waste fluid from the interrogation zone into a waste container. The sheath pump and/or the waste pump draw sample fluid from a sample container into the interrogation zone. The fluidic system also includes a controller to adjust the flow rate of the sample fluid from the sample container into the interrogation zone. The pump and controller cooperate to propagate a pulsation through the flow channel from the pump if the flow channel is clogged. The fluidic system is preferably incorporated into a flow cytometer with a flow cell that includes the interrogation zone.

Abstract: A first preferred embodiment includes a flow cytometer with a fluidic system to draw a sample fluid into an interrogation zone, a light source to emit light toward the sample fluid in the interrogation zone, an optic system to collect and detect at least one of a scattered light and a fluorescent light from the interrogation zone, and a processor. The flow cytometer, if properly boxed and labeled, complies with the parcel post requirements of the United States Postal Service. A second preferred embodiment includes the method of supplying a flow cytometer by shipping the flow cytometer via the United States Postal Service. A third preferred embodiment includes the method of servicing a flow cytometer by receiving the flow cytometer from a user via the United States Postal Service and servicing the flow cytometer.

Abstract: An optical system for guiding light from an interrogation zone to a detector system. The optical system includes an optical device, a first waveguide, and a second waveguide. The optical device is preferably adapted to collect and partition light into a first channel and a second channel of substantially similar light from a substantially singular orientation of the interrogation zone. The first waveguide is preferably adapted to guide the first channel from the optical device to a detector system without substantial interruption. Likewise, the second waveguide is preferably adapted to guide the second channel from the optical device to a detector system without substantial interruption. Preferably, the light of the first channel can be filtered without affecting the light of the second channel, and the light of the second channel can be filtered without affecting the light of the first channel.

Abstract: A surgical imaging system includes spaced-apart first and second x-ray sources mounted above a patient support surface. An x-ray detector mounted below the patient support surface generates first x-ray images based upon x-rays from the first x-ray source and second x-ray images based upon x-rays from the second x-ray source. These first and second x-ray images are used to generate a stereofluoroscopic image via a stereo display for a surgeon performing image-guided surgery. The stereofluoroscopic imaging system may be used in conjunction with robotic surgery. A surgical robot operatively controls a surgical tool in an area between the first x-ray source and the x-ray detector, and between the second x-ray source and the x-ray detector. The system may optionally include a first video camera mounted proximate the first x-ray source and a second video camera mounted proximate the second x-ray source.

Abstract: The detection system 10 of the first preferred embodiment is preferably designed to be integrated into a flow cytometer having an interrogation zone 12. The detection system 10 includes a detector 14 adapted to receive photonic inputs P from the interrogation zone and produce an analog signal, and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 20 coupled to the detector and adapted to convert an analog signal to a digital signal. The detector 14 has a dynamic range that is preferably greater than or equal to 100 dB. The ADC 20 has a bit resolution that is preferably greater than or equal to 16-bits. The detection system allows simultaneous collection of both small/faint objects and large/bright objects. In an application of this feature of the present invention, the detection system of the preferred embodiments may be used in the co-detection of mammalian cells and bacteria.

Abstract: The invention includes a bicycle carrier, and a method, to attach a bicycle with a seat tube to a vehicle. The bicycle carrier preferably includes a post adapted to be temporarily inserted into the seat tube, and a fastener coupled to the post and adapted to attach to the vehicle. The method preferably includes the following steps: a) providing a bicycle carrier having a post and a fastener; b) attaching the fastener of the bicycle carrier to the vehicle; c) removing a seat post of the bicycle; d) inverting the bicycle; and e) inserting the post into the seat tube of the bicycle.

Abstract: A surgical system includes a surgical instrument and a tracking system. The tracking system determines the position and orientation of the surgical instrument relative to the patient and relative to a 3D image of the patient. The relative locations of the surgical instrument and 3D image are shown on a display. The tracking system also determines the position and orientation of a CT scanner that takes x-ray update images of a selected area of interest of the patient. A computer stores data at least partially representing an area of a patient. The computer generates a 3D image or model of the area of interest based upon the update images of the area of interest and based upon the data. The area of interest can be selected on the computer display, automatically based upon the tracked positions of the surgical instrument, or through the use of an interest indicator instrument.

Abstract: A surgical imaging system includes spaced-apart first and second x-ray sources mounted above a patient support surface. An x-ray detector mounted below the patient support surface generates first x-ray images based upon x-rays from the first x-ray source and second x-ray images based upon x-rays from the second x-ray source. These first and second x-ray images are used to generate a stereofluoroscopic image via a stereo display for a surgeon performing image-guided surgery. The stereofluoroscopic imaging system may be used in conjunction with robotic surgery. A surgical robot operatively controls a surgical tool in an area between the first x-ray source and the x-ray detector, and between the second x-ray source and the x-ray detector. The system may optionally include a first video camera mounted proximate the first x-ray source and a second video camera mounted proximate the second x-ray source.

Abstract: An imaging system includes a source and a detector that can be quickly and easily moved out of the way after scanning. During scanning, the actual paths that the source and detector travel are tracked, such as by an associated surgical navigation system tracking system. The actual locations of the source and detector during each x-ray image are used in the image reconstruction algorithm. Since the actual locations are used in the algorithm, the locations do not have to be as precisely controlled. In one embodiment, the source and detector are mounted proximate outer ends of first and second c-arm sections. The first and second c-arm sections are extendable to form a complete c-arm and retractable to a collapsed position when not in use. In the disclosed embodiment, the c-arm sections are mounted to a base or carriage under the patient support surface (such as the surgical table).

Abstract: A CT scanner according to the present invention is particularly adapted for scanning the extremities of a patient. The CT scanner includes an x-ray source and x-ray detector mounted for rotation and translation along an axis parallel to a table for supporting the patient's extremity. The source and detector are mounted opposite one another on an inner circumference of an inner ring. The inner ring is rotatable about the axis within an outer ring mounted on at least one carriage. The carriage is movable parallel to the axis. During scanning, the inner ring rotates within the outer ring while the rings and carriage move along the axis, thereby producing a helical scan of the extremity.

Abstract: A CT scanner includes a gantry supporting an x-ray source and an x-ray detector. A motor in the gantry controls rotation of the gantry relative to a mounting plate from which the gantry is supported. The gantry also houses a computer for controlling the motor to rotate the gantry in a controlled, known manner. The computer also controls the x-ray source, including powering the x-ray source on and off and varying the intensity and frequency of the produced x-ray. The computer also collects data from the x-ray detector.