Abstract: A heater panel includes a core and a heater/dielectric layer including a positive thermal coefficient (PTC) heater layer between a pair of dielectric layers. A structural facing is included, wherein the heater/dielectric layer is bonded directly between the core and the structural facing. A second structural facing can be bonded to the core opposite the heater/dielectric layer. An impact layer can be bonded to the structural facing, e.g., the first structural facing described above, opposite the heater/dielectric layer. The heater layer can be formed by direct writing a heating element pattern onto a dielectric layer bonded to the core.

Abstract: A carbon allotrope element includes a carbon allotrope layer formed from a carbon allotrope material impregnated with a dielectric resin and having a first surface. The carbon allotrope element further includes a first bus bar in communication with the first surface, and a second bus bar in communication with the first surface and non-adjacent to the first bus bar. The first surface includes a layer of the dielectric resin and a plurality of abraded regions, and each of the first and second bus bars is in communication with one of the plurality of abraded regions of the first surface.

Abstract: A heated floor panel assembly for aircraft includes an impact layer made from a 2-D or 3-D woven high temperature thermoplastic fiber matrix impregnated with a resin. The impact layer can further include woven metallic fibers. The assembly also includes a stack of structural layers, a heating layer, and a core layer for absorbing shear stress.

Abstract: A heated floor panel assembly for aircraft includes an impact layer made from a 2-D or 3-D woven high temperature thermoplastic fiber matrix impregnated with a resin. The impact layer can further include woven metallic fibers. The assembly also includes a stack of structural layers, a heating layer, and a core layer for absorbing shear stress.

Abstract: An apparatus may comprise: a metal pipe portion extending from a first end to a first transition end and defining a first radially outer surface and a first radially inner surface, the first transition end comprising a first tooth element and a second tooth element disposed circumferentially adjacent to the first tooth element; and a polymeric pipe portion having a second transition end and defining a second radially outer surface and a second radially inner surface, the second transition end having a complimentary shape to the first transition end, the second transition end coupled to the first transition end.

Abstract: A heater panel includes a core. A heater/dielectric layer including a positive thermal coefficient (PTC) heater layer between a pair of dielectric layers is bonded to the core in a stack. An impact layer is bonded to the stack, wherein the impact layer includes a first sub-layer for impact absorption that is bonded to the stack and a second sub-layer for cut resistance bonded to the first sub-layer. The second sub-layer has a higher material hardness than that of the first-sub layer.

Abstract: A method of coating a high-pressure fluid vessel comprises filling a high-pressure fluid vessel with a coating solution, draining the coating solution, and drying a remainder of the coating solution in the high-pressure fluid vessel. The coating solution may include a thermoplastic elastomer that is hard with a low glass transition temperature and a high melting temperature. Drying the remainder of the coating solution may form a food grade coating within the high-pressure fluid vessel.

Abstract: An ice protection system may include a blade and an electrothermal heater including a carbon nanotube (CNT) element and a metal element. The CNT element may be a CNT fabric or a CNT yarn. The metal element may be coupled to the CNT element via a metallization process, or the like. The electrothermal heater element may include an electric sheet resistivity between 0.01 and 0.5 ohms/square.

Abstract: A method of making a multi-section tank with composite material includes pre-tensioning the composite material, wrapping a soluble tool in the composite material, and curing the composite material around the soluble tool. The composite material is pre-tensioned with force to align fibers in the composite material.

Abstract: A heating element includes a first bus bar disposed to receive current from a power source, and a second bus bar non-adjacent to the first bus bar. The heating element further includes a polymer ink section extending between the first and second bus bars, and the section includes a plurality of PTC polymer inks each different from one another. The second bus bar is electrically connected to the first bus bar via the polymer ink section.

Abstract: A method for reducing the resistivity of a carbon nanotube nonwoven sheet includes providing a carbon nanotube nonwoven sheet comprising a plurality of carbon nanotubes and applying pressure to the carbon nanotube nonwoven sheet to reduce air voids between carbon nanotubes within the carbon nanotube nonwoven sheet.

Abstract: A heated floor panel may comprise a base assembly and a heating element located on a first surface of the base assembly. A panel skin may be located over the heating element and the first surface of the base assembly. The panel skin may extend from the first surface of the base assembly to a second surface of the base assembly opposite the first surface of the base assembly.

Abstract: A heating element includes a first bus bar disposed to receive current from a power source, and a second bus bar non-adjacent to the first bus bar. The heating element further includes a polymer ink section extending between the first and second bus bars, and the section includes a plurality of PTC polymer inks each different from one another. The second bus bar is electrically connected to the first bus bar via the polymer ink section.

Abstract: A conformable tank includes a body with a plurality of walls defining a cavity in the body, and an internal support connected to an internal surface of one of the plurality of wall of the body and protruding into the cavity of the body. The body and the internal support are an additively manufactured integral structure formed by a fiber filament reinforced composite material.

Abstract: A carbon allotrope element includes a carbon allotrope layer formed from a carbon allotrope material impregnated with a dielectric resin and having a first surface. The carbon allotrope element further includes a first bus bar in communication with the first surface, and a second bus bar in communication with the first surface and non-adjacent to the first bus bar. The first surface includes a layer of the dielectric resin and a plurality of abraded regions, and each of the first and second bus bars is in communication with one of the plurality of abraded regions of the first surface.

Abstract: Additively manufactured heating elements for tubes are made from a positive temperature coefficient heater ink printed on the tube. A bus bar is likewise printed onto the tube using a conductive ink. The positive temperature coefficient heater ink and bust bar conductive ink are encapsulated with a closing adhesive.

Abstract: A conductive ink may comprise a high temperature thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and a plurality of conductive particles disposed in the high temperature TPU. The plurality of conductive particles may comprise between 60% and 95% of the conductive ink by weight. The high temperature TPU may include a melting point between 120° C. and 200° C. The conductive ink may be used for external heated composite structures, such as rotor blades, fixed wings, faring, engine lip electrothermal ice protection, or the like. The conductive ink may have enhanced mechanical fatigue resistance.

Abstract: An internal heating trace assembly may include a first bus bar, a second bus bar, a plurality of ceramic positive temperature coefficient (PTC) elements, and an insulator. The ceramic PTC elements may be disposed in parallel between the first bus bar and the second bus bar. The insulator may include a heat-shrink tubing. The ceramic PTC element may include a PTC strip or a PTC bead.

Abstract: An ice protection system may include a rotary blade, an electrothermal heater, and a low ice adhesion surface. The low ice adhesion surface may include an adhesion strength below 100 kPa. The rotary blade may be disposed between the electrothermal heater and the low ice adhesion surface. The electrothermal heater may be disposed between the low ice adhesion surface and the rotary blade. The low ice adhesion surface may include a coating or a surface treatment.

Abstract: A method for forming a deicer includes forming a body of the deicer. The method further includes forming an outer layer of the deicer through extrusion of an elastomeric material. The method further includes coupling the outer layer of the deicer to the body of the deicer.